Misc

Tips for speaking

• FOCUS less on accuracy, and more on fluency.
• FOCUS on the English you need to use.
• THINK in English always.

Works

• MAKE sentences to describe environment in your head at any time.
• RECAP your day.
• Play synonym game
• DO JAM (just a minute) exercise.

Regular expression

• In order to fix typing mistake, find the lines that don’t start with *. Pattern: /^(?!.*[\*]).*$/

grammar & versus

• 的
  • 有生命 e.g. Tom’s brother
  • 無生命 e.g. the government of Australia
  • 有針對性 e.g. the answer to the question
  • article e.g. My brother
• 關代前要不要加逗號
  • 不知道是誰不用逗號
    • e.g. The girl who is wearing a purple shirt is Hebe.
  • 已知道是誰要用逗號
    • Hebe, who is wearing a white shirt, is beautiful.
    • My father, who is very funny, is a business man.
• at the beginning vs in the beginning
  • 兩者意思幾乎一樣, 只差在 in the beginning 多一種意思是表達出"與現代事實相反"
  • e.g. in the beginning we thought we’d never pulled it off
  • e.g. in the beginning I felt lonely working abroad
  • e.g. I didn’t like him in/at the beginning
• which vs where
  • 可以直接變成一個完整句子用 which e.g. Last week, I went to Taipei, __ is a big city. (Taipei is a big city; which is S.)
  • 變成完整句子需加上地方副詞就要用 where e.g. Last week, I went to Taipei where I ate a lot of delicious food. (I ate a lot of delicious food in Taipei.; where + clause)
    • where = in which
      • e.g. This is the cafeteria where I see my friends.
      • e.g. This is the place where he was born.
  • example 1
    • Jerry went to the same store where Jannifer bought her couch.
    • Jerry went to the same store that Jannifer bought her couch at.
  • example 2
    • Frank went to study in Boston, where some of the world’s best universities are based.
    • 加 , 是因為 Boston 是特定的地方, 大家都知道, 所以後面的句子只是用來補充
  • example 3
    • The eccentric billionaire, about whom the public know little, donated millions to charity.
    • (不建議, about 最好不要在句尾) The eccentric billionaire, whom the public know little about, donated millions to charity.
• which vs that
  • 可互換
  • that 用在特定的事物 (identifying)
  • which 用在非特定的事物 (non-identifying, 加個逗號)
  • e.g. The only effort that matters is that which/that leads to a win. (that 指的是 effort, 以這情況用 which 比較好, 避免有兩個 that)
  • e.g. Larry failed his test, which means he’ll have to go summer school. (which 是修飾 Larry failed his test 這件事)
• whose 可用在人及事物上
  • e.g. These are the fires whose fuel needs replenishing.
  • e.g. Whose fires need replenishing?
  • e.g. Cohen, whose short film won awards, was chosen to direct the movie.
  • e.g. There was a picture in the paper of a man whose leg had been blown off.
• 形容詞子句 (使用 ing, ed 當 adj 縮短句子)
  • example 1
    • Dressed in his class-A uniform, the marine looked like a recruitment poster.
    • = The marine, who was dressed in his class-A uniform, looked like a recruitment poster.
  • example 2
    • Standing near the window, Marie could see the entire village.
    • = Marie, who was standing near the window, could see the entire village.
  • example 3
    • I like the boy who is sitting in the front row.
    • I like the boy sitting in the front row.
  • example 4
    • I picked up the pencil which was dropped on the floor.
    • I picked up the pencil dropped on the floor.
• relative pronouns 前面要不要加逗號
  • identifying 不加逗號 e.g. The girl who sold me the car said it was hers.
  • non-identifying 加逗號 e.g. My high school English teacher, who is retired and now lives in Florida, sent me a postcard.
  • situational 加逗號 e.g. I bought myself a motocycle for my birthday, which made my wife crazy. (後面的 which 是指 I bought myself a motocycle 這件事, 不是 birthday)
• relative pronouns 可不可以省略 (who, that, which)
  • 先搞懂 relative clause 是 subject 還是 object
    • 如果 verb 直接接在後面, 則 relative pronouns 是 subject e.g. The woman who rode the subway was very pretty.
    • 如果 verb 沒有直接接在後面, 則 relative pronouns 是 object e.g. The woman whom John saw on the subway was very pretty.
  • relative pronouns 是 object 就可以省略
  • 訣竅: 直接看 verb 的位置, 直接在 relative pronouns 後面就不可省略
  • example 1
    • The dog that Mary is petting is very fluffy.
    • The dog Mary is petting is very fluffy.
  • example 2
    • The dog that has brown fur is very fluffy.
    • that 是 subject, 不可省略
  • example 3 不可省略
    • The man is an engineer. The man speaks Arabic.(主詞)
    • The man who/that speaks Arabic is an engineer.
  • example 4 可省略
    • The concert was great. We saw the concert last Sunday.(受詞)
    • The concert (which/that) we saw last Sunday was great.
  • other examples
    • The water that splashed my face was very cold. (Verb after relative pronoun = you can’t omit the relative pronoun!)
    • The water that I drank was very cold. (No verb after relative pronoun = omit the relative pronoun as you please!)
    • The water I drank was very cold.
• Adjective clause omits (省略) pronouns
  • e.g. The girl who is standing by the table is my sister. / The girl standing by the table is my sister.
  • e.g. The watch that was found in the lobby belongs to Lilly. / The watch found in the lobby belongs to Lilly.
  • e.g. People who live in large cities have many resources. / People living in large cities have many resources.
  • e.g. Lee Davis, who is a business teacher, wrote this book. / Lee Davis, a business teacher, wrote this book.
• when = at/in which
• in/through/by which
  • e.g. Think of any situation in which you might find yourself without the basic necessities of life
• 特定的東西不能用 that
• who vs whom
  • (重要) who is subject e.g. Who chewed the ball
  • (重要) whom is object e.g. The dog chewed whom?
  • 如果簡單式用 him 的話, 問句用 whom
    • who e.g. We should invite him to speak.
    • whom e.g. Whom should we invite to speak?
  • prep. + whom
    • relay on whom e.g. Jacynda told Gwen, on whom she often relied to supply the $2.40 for school lunch that she could not otherwise afford.
  • example 1
    • I don’t know the girl whom Peter is talking to.
    • I don’t know the girl who Peter is talking to.
    • I don’t know the girl to whom Peter is talking.
    • I don’t know the girl Peter is talking to.
• 介系詞
  • the best three apps on your phone
  • Fixes a crash on iOS 11
  • This app is only available on the App Store for iOS devices.
  • What is the icon on the desktop after I install an application?
  • app is running in the background
  • this fighter jet can fly at supersonic speeds
  • at minus 18 degrees Celsius
  • it is bad form to update your database directly with the content from a POST
• arrive + prep
  • He arrived in New York.
  • He arrived at the station.
  • He arrived on the scene of the accident.
  • He arrived here. [no preposition]
  • He arrived at 12 o’clock.
  • He arrived within 10 minutes.
  • He will arrive in an hour.
• it wasn’t until
  • e.g. It wasn’t until 8:30pm did i get off work.
  • e.g. It wasn’t until 1995 that the US Supreme Court decreed that ..
• 倒裝時機
  • 一般問句
  • 否定副詞在句首時
    • never / by no means / under no circumstances / on no account / in no way / at no time
    • seldom / little / rarely / scarcely e.g. Scarcely had I left home when/before it started to rain.
  • not until / no longer / no sooner .. than … / not only .. but also
    • e.g. Not only did he make a promise, but he also kept it. 他不止作出承諾，也遵守了。
  • neither / nor / so
    • e.g. The mayor of Toronto refused to resign, nor do we expect him to.
    • e.g. She can swim. So can I.
  • should / hand 開頭(較正式用法, 意思是 if)
    • Should you need any help, don’t hesitate to call.
    • Had I known you were coming, I would have changed.
  • here / htere / out / in / up / off / down / away / back, …etc
    • e.g. Here comes the bus.
    • e.g. There goes the bell. 鈴聲響了。
    • e.g. Down came the rain.
    • e.g. Out rushed a tiger from the wood.
• 標點符號
  • such as e.g. …. , such as email.
  • please contact me on {手機號碼}
  • 連接副詞的標點符號
    • I was sick. Therefore, I went to see a doctor
    • I was sick; therefore, I went to see a doctor.
    • I was sick. I, therefore, went to see a doctor.
• 複數/單數
  • I think both strict governmental regulations and parental supervision needs to be in place.
  • The other three nations spent nearly the same amount in this regard.
  • If students don’t want to do this kind of jobs in the future, there aren’t many options. (after phrases such as ” kind of “ (+ singular))
  • One of the problems with this measure is that it is hard to enforce.
  • The number of applications for this particular job has dropped in recent years.
  • There are many things that should be considered when suggesting solutions.
  • Each of the subcommittees have a specific goal to achieve.
  • Every conceivable type of problem arises in the first few weeks.
  • Does Do the client and project manager agree to the terms of the contract?
• single they
  • Everyone has his own….
  • Everyone has his or her own….
  • Everyone has their own…. (Can’t use this in writing, because “their” is plural possessive pronoun.)
  • Everyone has their own stories
  • Everyone has their own story
• would 的用法
  • 肯定
    • e.g. Dad would sing to us every evening.
    • e.g. When Tracy opened the door, she thought she would find an empty room.
  • 否定
    • e.g. There wouldn’t be any food in the house.
    • e.g. Your father would not approve.
  • 問句
    • e.g. Would that be a good idea?
    • e.g. They would enjoy that, wouldn’t they?
  • 禮貌的用法
    • e.g. Would you make dinner?
  • “would be” is used to express a hypothetical or possible situation in the present or future.
  • Conditional sentences (請參考 Conditionals)
• Conditionals
  • Zero (描述事實)
    • I get tired when I eat too much.
    • If you heat water, it boils.
  • First (描述如果..就會..)
    • If it rains, we won’t go to the party.
    • If I have enough money, I will go to Japan.
  • Second (假設)
    • I would do it if I had more time.
    • If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
    • Where would you live if you could live anywhere in the world?
    • If I won a lot of money, I’d buy a big house in the country.
    • If you had $10,000 to give to any cause, what would you give it to?
    • If I did not study, I would fail the exam.
    • If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
  • Third (後悔;或如果過去沒做..就會..)
    • If I had studied, I would not have failed the exam.
    • If I had had enough money, I would have gone to Japan.
    • If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.
    • If I hadn’t eaten so much, I wouldn’t have felt sick.
    • She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university.
    • She wouldn’t have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier.
    • He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine.
    • If we had acted sooner, we could have stopped the spread of the virus.
  • 補充 substitute for would
    • I would pass the exam.
    • I could pass the exam.
    • I might pass the exam.
    • I may pass the exam.
    • I should pass the exam.
    • I must pass the exam.
  • 補充 Mixed:
    • If I had bought Bitcoin in 2011, my portfolio would be worth $2.5 million today.
    • If I hadn’t met my wife in Ecuador, I wouldn’t be living in America now.
    • If he had listened during his English class, he would have a higher level now.
    • If I weren’t going to that wedding tomorrow, I would have gone out last night.
• Make vs Have vs Let vs Get vs Help
  • force: She made me wash the dishes.
    • impolite
  • gave permission: My dad let me go by myself.
  • requested/asked: He had the students do the assignment.
    • polite
    • def: It suggests that you are requesting the other person to delegate the task to someone else
    • e.g. Could you have someone from your team send me the document?
  • convinced/persuaded: She got me to mow the lawn.
    • polite
    • def: It suggests that you are making a request and that the other person has the option to decline if they are unable or unwilling to help
    • e.g. Can you please get John to send me the report by noon?
  • aided: Engvid has helped me (to) improve my English.
• prefix
  • 過於;過度 hyper e.g. hyperactive / hypercritical / hypersensitive
  • 單個 mono e.g. monorail / monochrome
  • 一半 semi e.g. semicircle
  • 一半 hemi e.g. hemisphere
  • 一半 demi e.g. demigod
  • 1: uni
  • 2: bi / duo
  • 3: tri
  • 4: quad
  • 5: quint
  • 6: sex
  • 7: sept
  • 8: oct
  • 9: novem
  • 10: dec
• be of sth
  • be of interest to
    • e.g. There are several programs that may be of interest to you…
    • e.g. This document is of interest to/for all software developers and project managers.
• countable vs uncountable
  • How many apples do you have? <–> How much advice do you have?
  • I have a few apples for you. <–> I have a little advice for you.
• word order in questions: Question word + Auxiliary verb + Subject + Main verb
  • e.g. What do you see?
  • e.g. What have you done?
  • e.g. What are you doing?
• some vs any
  • any 後面的 noun 什麼時候能加 s? 看狀況
    • 有多種答案 e.g. Do you have any ideas?
    • 只期待只有一種答案 e.g. I can’t remember what the capital of Pakistan is, do you have any idea?
  • 美式英文在否定句/問句時, any 後面都要換成複數 e.g. any ideas/thoughts/feedback(不可數,不能加s)/children
  • use some in positive sentences
    • There are some eggs.
    • There is some bread.
    • There is some water.
  • use some in questions offering something
    • Can I have some eggs?
    • Can I have some water?
  • use any in questions
    • Are there any carrots?
    • Do you have any cheese?
  • use any in negative
    • I do not want any chocolates.
    • We don’t want any wine.
    • There aren’t any strawberries.
    • There isn’t any water.
    • There isn’t any rice.
  • both of them can be used with uncountable and countable nouns
• comparative / superlative
  • quiet-quieter/more quiet
  • clever-cleverer/more clever-cleverest
  • narrow-narrower/more narrow-narrowest
  • simple-simpler/more simple-simplest

vocabulary versus

• 廣告業 advertising vs 廣告 advertisement(s) (informal: advert)
  • e.g. the advertising industry
  • e.g. a television/newspaper advertisement for a new car

日期；數字；時間

• Numbers
  • 1: one
  • 2: two
  • 3: three
  • 4: four
  • 5: five
  • 6: six
  • 7: seven
  • 8: eight
  • 9: nine
  • 10: ten
  • 11: eleven
  • 12: twelve
  • 13: thirteen
  • 14: fourteen
  • 15: fifteen
  • 16: sixteen
  • 17: seventeen
  • 18: eighteen
  • 19: nineteen
  • 20: twenty
  • 21: twenty one
  • 30: thirty
  • 40: forty
  • 50: fifty
  • 60: sixty
  • 70: seventy
  • 80: eighty
  • 90: ninety
  • 100: one hundred
  • 1,000: thousand
  • 1,000,000: million
  • 1,000,000,000: billion
  • 1,000,000,000,000: trillion
  • 601: 唸 and -> six hundred and one
  • 372: hundred ’n 唸起來像 in -> three hundred ’n seventy two
  • 6,372: 就只是前面多加了 six thousand
  • 372,372: 2 個 372 唸法完全一樣 -> three hundred ’n seventy two thousand, three hundred ’n seventy two
  • 800,900: eight hundred thousand, 9 hundred (不用唸 and)
  • 比分 8:0 eight-nil
• Ordinal numbers
  • 1st First
  • 2nd Second
  • 3rd Third
  • 4th Fourth
  • 5th Fifth
  • 6th Sixth
  • 7th Seventh
  • 8th Eighth
  • 9th Ninth
  • 10th Tenth
  • 11th Eleventh
  • 12th Twelfth
  • 13th Thirteenth
  • 14th Fourteenth
  • 15th Fifteenth
  • 16th Sixteenth
  • 17th Seventeenth
  • 18th Eighteenth
  • 19th Nineteenth
  • 20th Twentieth
  • 21st Twenty-first
  • 22nd Twenty-second
  • 23rd Twenty-third
  • 24th Twenty-fourth
  • 25th Twenty-fifth
  • 26th Twenty-sixth
  • 27th Twenty-seventh
  • 28th Twenty-eighth
  • 29th Twenty-ninth
  • 30th Thirtieth
  • 31st Thirty-first
  • 40th Fourtieth
  • 41st Forty-first
  • 50th Fiftieth
  • 51st Fifty-first
  • 60th Sixtieth
  • 60st Sisty-first
  • 70th Seventieth
  • 71st Seventy-first
  • 80th Eightieth
  • 81st Eighty-first
  • 90th Ninetieth
  • 91st Ninety-first
  • 100th One hundredth
  • 1,000th One thousandth
  • 1,000,000th One millionth
  • 1,000,000,000th One billionth
• 日期
  • grammar
    • in, at, on + time, date
    • in March / in 2003
    • on April 2 / on March 3, 1999, on saturday
    • at 3:30 p.m. / at 4:01 / at noon
    • in the summer / in the winter
    • in the morning
    • at night
  • British English / Australia / New Zealand
    • 2 February 2019 / 2019-02-02 or 02/02/2019
    • 13 April
    • 13 April 2014
    • 13th April 2014
    • the 13th of April 2014
    • the 13th of April, 2014,
    • Thursday, 21 March 2019
  • American English
    • April 13
    • April 13, 2014
    • Sunday, April 13, 2014
    • July the 4th, 1952
  • October 11th, 2015 (US)
  • 11th October, 2015 (UK)
  • On November the 1st 2003 (UK)
  • 4/1: April first = April the first = the first of April
  • 3/12: the twelfth of March
  • 3/20: March twentieth
  • on July 7, 2009
  • in July / in 2009 / in the summer
  • In July 2009
• 年份
  • 2013
    • two thousand (and) thirteen
    • twenty thirteen
  • 1997: nineteen ninety-seven
  • 1806: eighteen O six
  • 2008: two thousand and eight
  • 1930-1939: nineteen thirties
• 時間
  • 下下禮拜一
    • Monday after next e.g. The meeting will be held on the Monday after next
  • 下下下禮拜 3 weeks from now
  • 每個禮拜一
    • e.g. The meeting will be held on Monday week
  • 黎明 at dawn
  • 凌晨5,6點 early in the morning
  • 白天 in daylight
  • 白天 in/during the daytime
  • 黃昏n dusk e.g. As dusk fell, bats began to fly between the trees.
  • 日出n sunrise
  • 日落;傍晚n sunset e.g. The fishermen set out at sunset for a night’s fishing.
  • 晚上 in the evening
  • 發生在晚上的a nocturnal /nɒkˈtɜː.nəl/
  • 晚上11,12點 late at night
  • 半夜2,3點 in the middle of the night e.g. I woke up in the middle of the night.
  • 工作時間 working hours
  • 坐車時間 travel time
  • 11:05 eleven nought-five
  • 02:05 five past two
  • 03:12 twelve after three
  • 10:56 ten fifty-six
  • 8:30 eight thirty
  • 9:25 twenty-five past nine
  • 2:16 sisteen past two
  • 10:55 five to eleven
  • 8:40 twenty to nine
  • 8:15 quater past eight
  • 8:45 quater to nine
  • 4:15 a quarter past four
  • 7:45 a quarter to eight
  • 9:30 half past nine
  • 幾點整 sharp e.g. The prom will start at eight o’clock sharp.
  • 22:00:01 twenty-two hundred hours and one second / one second past 10 pm.

比較

• 不再是 no longer = not any longer
  • no longer is more formal
  • e.g. One day I could stand it no longer.
  • e.g. It’s no longer a secret.
  • e.g. I couldn’t stand it any longer. I walked out and didn’t go back.
  • e.g. The extra workers won’t be needed any longer.
• on time vs in time
  • On time means at a particular designated time.
  • In time means early enough.
• lie/lie/lay
  • 躺 lie-lay-lain-lying
  • 說謊 lie-lied-lied-lying
  • 放置；產卵；鋪設 lay-laid-laid-laying e.g. The hens lay eggs every morning.
• 被 by vs with
  • by 是主動
  • 雪不會主動幫山蓋東西 e.g. The mountain is covered with snow.
• by vs until
  • We’ll be there by 7pm. (在 7pm 前 e.g. 5:30, 6:00, any time < 7:00)
  • We’ll be there until 7pm. (直到 7pm)
• in vs into
  • in 是指沒有移動的，如果有移動就用 into
• in vs later vs after
  • He collapsed in the street and died in two hours.
    • This sounds odd, but it emphasizes that dying was a process that took two hours to complete.
    • Number 1 sounds distinctly odd to me. It seems to be saying that it took him two hours to die.
  • He collapsed in the street and died two hours later.
    • This sounds most natural, but it tells us nothing about the two hours between the moment he collapsed and the moment he died. He could have been quietly lying there, and then after two hours he suddenly had a heart attack and died.
    • sounds most natural
  • He collapsed in the street and died after two hours (two hours after).
    • Grammatically, this is a complete sentence, but it sounds incomplete. For example:
    • He collapsed in the street and died after two hours of suffering.
    • He collapsed in the street and died after two hours of struggling for breath.
    • I would change number 3 to “two hours after[wards]”.
• should vs could vs would
  • should for recommendation e.g. If you want to lost weight, you should eat healthy food.
  • could for possibilities e.g. “I have the day off tomorrow.” “Great! We could spend the day at the beach. Or We could go shopping.”
  • would for imagining results e.g. If I were rich, I would buy a boat.
  • would to indicate a past routine or habit that was repeated on multiple occasions
    • When I was a teenager, I’d ride my bike to the park every afternoon to play basketball with my friends.
    • Back in college, I’d always procrastinate on my papers until the night before they were due.
    • We used to go to my grandma’s house every Sunday for dinner, and she’d always make her famous lasagna.
    • As a child, I’d spend hours reading books in my bedroom every night before going to sleep.
    • During summer vacations, we’d always go camping as a family and roast marshmallows over the campfire.
• would have vs could have
  • would have : more certainty e.g. I got a 68 on the test. If I had gotten two more points, I would have passed. = definitely; it’s certain.
  • could have : possibility e.g. If I had worked harder, I could have gotten promoted. = maybe or maybe not.
• status vs state
  • e.g. the status of this project
  • In IT, executions at the OS level usually return an exit status (e.g., 0 for success), HTTP calls return an HTTP status code (e.g., 200 OK or 404 Not Found). On the other hand, we have (finite-)state automata that describe how a complex system (e.g., a parser) can go through its possible states. When we suspend a physical or virtual machine we cause its state to be saved.
  • status: status would refer to the progress of a project, e.g. in testing, in preliminary research
  • status：the situation at a particular time during a process
  • state： the mental, emotional or physical condition that a person or thing is in
  • state: state would refer more to the condition of a project, e.g. green-lighted, cancelled, on hold for financial analysis.
• since vs ever since
  • since: My back has been aching since I fell off the ladder.
  • ever 只是強調用；拿掉或加上都不影響意思 e.g. Ever since I fell off the ladder, my back aches.
• as long as (只要) vs if (如果)
  • e.g. As long as you study hard, you’ll pass.
  • e.g. If you study hard, you’ll pass.
• 假日
  • 節慶；國家假日 holiday e.g. on holiday
  • 帶薪休假(年假) vacation e.g. go on vacation
  • 不上班, 可用在各種原因 days off , take/have (一段時間) day(s) off
    • e.g. He has a day off today
    • e.g. take two days off / take the afternoon off
  • 不上班 leave e.g. go on sick/maternity/annual leave
• a little vs a few
  • We use a little with singular uncountable nouns. We use a few with plural countable nouns.
  • e.g. Mary said nothing, but she drank some tea and ate a little bread.
  • e.g. We stayed a few days in Florence and visited the museums.

pronunciation v: pronounce (ps. 與名詞拼法不一樣)

• 筆記 copy 用: θ ɪŋ ð ɹ ʃ tʃ dʒ aɪ aʊ
• 14 vowel sounds:
  • iy: leave /liyv/
  • ɪ: give /gɪ/
  • ʊ: book /bʊk/
  • uw: blue /bluw/
  • ow: go /gow/
  • ey: brave /breyv/
  • ə: photography /fə TA grə fiy/
  • ʌ: stuff /stʌf/
  • ɝ: perfect /PɝR fɪkt/
  • ɚ: regular /RɛG gyə lɚr/
  • æ: jazz /dʒæz/
  • ɛ: best /bɛst/
  • ɔ: taught /tɔt/
  • ɑ: job /dʒɑb/
  • 聽發音
• in vs ing
  • n/in 的手頭會頂到上排牙齒後
  • ng/ing 的舌頭會頂到下排牙齒後, 並且舌頭會拱起來
• can vs can’t
  • can 較 can’t 長
  • can /kæn/ or /kən/ (reduced) n音比較長
  • can’t /kænt|/ (vowel doesn’t reduce) 結尾會有點被中斷的感覺
• 語調；聲調 intonation /ˌɪn.təˈneɪ.ʃən/
  • Rise/Up Tone
    • yes/no question e.g. Hey, do you like her?
    • 話還沒說完時 e.g. I need eggs(升), garlic(升) and butter
  • Fall Tone
    • wh- 問題 (非 yes/no question) e.g. How are you? / Why do you know her?
    • 肯定句;命令句 e.g. I like her.
  • Rise Fall Tone
    • 強調時 e.g. It’s great! / Why me again?
  • Fall Rise Tone (發音像 登~等~登)
    • 語帶保留, 通常接 but/however e.g. I knew her from school, but she has a boy friend.
• 連音 reduction
  • Reduced function words
    • a /ə/ e.g. a question
    • the /thə/ e.g. in the bag
    • an /ən/ e.g. an answer
    • or /ər/ e.g. this or that
    • and /n/ (有點像大號的"嗯") e.g. come and go
    • of /əf/ or /ə/ e.g. out of eggs
    • to /tə/ e.g. want to go
    • for /fər/ e.g. It’s for you
    • at /ət/ e.g. at home
    • him /im/ e.g. ask him
    • her /ər/ e.g. call her
    • them /əm/ e.g. call them
    • you /yə/ e.g. did you go?
    • do /də/ e.g. what do you want?
    • can /kn/ e.g. I can do it
    • have /əv/ or /ə/ e.g. should have gone
  • AND = n
    • bacon and ham = bacon n ham
    • people come and go = pople comin go
  • OR = er
    • Do you want coffee or tee. = Do you want coffeer tea.
    • I’ll phone or write you tomorrow. = I’ll pho-ner-write-chu tomorrow.
  • FOR = fur
    • This present is for you. = This present is fur you.
    • Don’t take others for granted. = Don’t take others fur granted.
  • H 音省略
    • he = e
      • e.g. What does he want? = What does-e want?
    • him = im
      • That’s why I like him. = That’s way I li-kim.
    • her = er
      • Take her out. = Ta-ker out.
    • here
      • come here = comere
      • He’s here. = He-sere
  • At
    • 後字首是子音 = ət
      • at my = ət maɪ
      • I’ll be at school. = I’ll be ə school.
      • I’m busy at the moment.
    • 後字首是母音 = əd
      • at a = əd ə
      • I’ll be at her house. = I’ll be əd ər house.
  • To
    • want to = wanna
    • goint to = gonna
    • have to = hafta
    • has to = hasta
    • had to = hada
    • 前字尾最是 t, 發音成 tə
      • We went to dinner. = We wɛnt tə dinner.
      • it’s possible to sound = it’s possible tə sound
      • I thought to myself = I θɔ-tə myself
    • 其他情況, 發音成 də
      • e.g. I don’t want to go to work. = I don’t wanna goduh work.
      • Come to my party. = kʌm də my party.
      • Let’s go to the store. = Let’s goʊ də store.
      • I wanted to get more. = I wɑnɪd də
      • We’re going to your play. = WE goʊ ɪŋ də your play.
    • to the
      • 發音 [tə ðə] 或 [də ðə]
      • 發音 [tə ði]
        • to the other side
        • to the east
  • t
    • between two vowel or diphthongs sounds if they are linked in the sentence
      • what about me = wʌ də,baʊd mi
      • Got it. = gɑd ɪt
      • I’ll think about it = əl’θɪŋ kə,baʊd ɪd
      • a lot of = a lɑ-dəf
    • between two vowel or diphthongs sounds
      • mutter (咕噥) = mʌdər
      • auto
    • between two consonants -> dropped T and D
      • exectly = ɪg’zæk li
    • after an n -> dropped T (重要!)
      • wanted = wɑn ɪd
      • center = sɛn ər
      • interview = ɪ nər vju
    • tt 發 d
      • little = lɪ dəl
      • battle = bottle
      • matter = ma-der
      • butter = bu-der
      • a little bit = ə’lɪ dəl’bɪt
        • 下一個子音開頭 ə’lɪ dəl’bɪt e.g a little bit frustrated = ə’lɪ dəl’bɪt
        • 下一個母音開頭 ə’lɪ dəl’bɪd e.g. a little bit about that = ə’lɪ dəl’bɪ də,baʊd
    • t 發 d
      • hospital / title / capital / total / metal / subtle
      • city = sɪdi
      • party = pɑrdi
      • native = nadive
    • Exception
      • tighten = taɪ ən
    • written /ˈrɪt̬.ən/ or /ˈrɪ ən/ (直接 drop t 的音)
  • ed
    • Case 1 無聲子音結尾: k p f s tʃ ʃ θ, 發 t
      • packed = pækt
      • baked
      • washed = wɑʃt
      • flipped
      • missed
      • laughed = læft
      • watched = watʃt
    • Case 2 有聲子音,母音,雙母音(diphthong)結尾: v b g ð z dʒ r m n ŋ l, 發 d
      • saved = seɪvd
      • leaned = lind
      • believed
      • turned
      • carried
      • bummed = bʌmd
      • shied = ʃaɪd
    • Case 3 Verb ends in t or d sound, 發 ɪd
      • landed = læn dɪd
      • ended
      • punted (v踢) = pʌn tɪd
      • rested
      • neededd
  • th 結尾
    • clothes 發 th+s 或去掉 th 只發 s (clos)
  • 前字尾&後字首 都是子音時, 只發一個子音
    • gas station = Ga-station
    • last time = Las-time
    • tough fight = Tou-fight
    • both things = Bo-things
  • 前字尾子音+後字首母音, 連在一起念
    • what’s up
    • come on
    • just a moment = Jus-ta-mo-ment
    • email address = E-mai-La-dress
    • forget about it = For-ge-ta-bou-tit
    • what is it = Wha-ti-sit
    • take a break = Ta-ka-break
    • get out = Ge-tout
    • line up = Li-nup
    • a lot of people ask me = a lo-dof peop-læsk me
    • if it’s possible to sound = i-fits possbile tə sound
  • 前字尾&後字首 都是母音時, 要多一個發音
    • 前字尾 a/e/i/y (念起來嘴形較扁) 要加 y 的音
      • pay all = Pay-yall
      • THE END = The-yend
      • try again = Try-ya-gain
    • 前字尾 o/u (念起來嘴形較圓) 要加 w 的音
      • grow up = Grow-wup
      • go away = go-wa-way
    • because of the
      • /kə zəv ðə/
      • /kə zəv ði/
    • 'll
      • I’ll = əl e.g. I’ll think about it = əl’θɪŋk ə,baʊd ɪd
  • 疑問句開頭
    • whatcha = whare are __ ? or Do you __ ?
      • e.g. What are you doing? = Whatcha doing?
      • e.g. What do you think? = whatcha think?
    • Did he? = Didee
    • Does he? = Duzzy
    • Was he? = Wuzzy
    • Has he? = Hazzy
    • Is he? = Izzy
    • Will he? = Willy
    • Would he? = Woody
    • Can he? = Canny
    • Wouldn’t you? = Wooden chew
    • Shouldn’t I = Shudn nai
    • Won’t he? = Woe knee
    • Didn’t he? = Didn knee
    • Hasn’t he? = Has a knee
    • Wouldn’t he? = Wooden knee?
    • Isn’t he? = Is a knee
    • Isn’t it? = Is a nit
    • Doesn’t it? = Duzza nit
    • Aren’t I? = Are nai
    • Won’t you? = Wone chew
    • Don’t you? = Done chew
    • Can’t you? = Can chew
    • Could you? = Cujoo
    • Would you? = Wujoo
    • Let me explain what we’re doing = lemme explain wha-wir doing
    • What do you want to talk about = wadder-ya-wanna-talk-aboud
    • where did you? = wer-dja
    • what do you think = wah-dah-yah think
    • I didn’t go to = I din-go-dah college
    • you were going to do = yu-wah-gonna-do
    • what makes you think = woh-makes-yah-think
    • that I’m just going to = tha-dime-jus-gonna
    • 聽發音
      • What’s that = Whuh TZAH /whə zɑ/ (沒有第一個t的音)
      • What did you do with it? = Whuhdjuh DO wih thit? /whə-ju-du-wi-thi/ (did 的音幾乎消失了, 最後面的 with it 念起來像 /wi-θə/)
      • What are you doing? = Whuhtchuh DOwin? /whə-tʃu-du-wən/
      • How do you like it? = How yə LIKE it? (do 的音直接消失不發音)
      • What do you think? = Wədəyə THINK?
      • What did you say? = Wədʒə SAY?
      • Do you want to go? = Yə wannə GO?
      • Do you want a cup of coffee? = Ya wannə cupə COffee?
      • I’ve got to go. = I godə GO
      • I’ll let you know. = I’ll letchə KNOW.
      • Not yet. = Nah TCHEt| /nɑ-tʃe/
      • I’ll talk to you later = I’ll TAHL təyə LAYdər /I’ll tɔ təyə ledər/

Speaking Tips

• rhythm
  • stressed words
    • verbs
    • nouns
    • adjectives
    • adverbs
    • negatives e.g. not, never
    • question words e.g. what, why
    • demonstrative pronouns e.g. this, that
    • interjection e.g. wow, hey
  • unstressed words
    • articles e.g. the, a
    • prepositions e.g. on, in
    • pronouns e.g. he, she, it, my, his
    • auxiliaries e.g. be, can, could, do, have, may, might, must, should, will, would
    • conjuctions e.g. and, or
  • Primary Phrase Stress: the 1 content word in each phrase that receives the most stress
  • Primary Phrase Stress goes on the last, new content word in each phrase (新的 stressed words 才要最需要強調的)
• linking words
  • 還有類（表繼續）and, also, in addition, second, again, moreover, furthermore, first
  • 然而類（改變語氣）but, however, nevertheless, yet, still, notwithstanding, on the other hand
  • 例如類（舉例）for example / for instance / in other words / in particular / such as
  • 類似類（與後面類同）in a like manner, likewise, in the same way, in a similar case, similarly
  • 肯定類（語氣肯定）indeed, in fact, as a matter of fact, truly, I repeat, certainly, admittedly, no doubt
  • 總結類（作結論）to sum up, in conclusion, in short, finally, in summary, in sum, to make a long story short
  • 讓步類（雖然）Though, although, it may be true that, even though, granted that
  • 因此類（表結果）therefore, consequently, hence, then, thus, as a consequence
  • Addition: in addition, additionally, besides, moreover, further.
  • Contrast: however, nevertheless, conversely, contrarily.
  • Consequence or result : consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly.
  • Similarity or comparison: similarly, likewise.
  • Emphasis: above all, indeed, truly, furthermore.
  • Consequence or result : consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly.
  • 但是 but / yet
  • 但是；卻;然而 whereas
    • e.g. He must be about 60, whereas his wife looks about 30.
  • 但是；然而 however (母語人士口語確實會用 當作是很重的強調But)
  • 一方面 On one hand
  • 但是;另一方面 on the other hand / on the flip side
  • 儘管;然而 while
    • e.g. While I can’t see and predict the future, I only know that if we can live each day as if it were our last.
    • e.g. While I accept that he’s not perfect in many respects, I do actually like the man.
  • 儘管 though e.g. Though it’s raining, I’ll still go outside.
  • 儘管 although (= despite the fact that ..) e.g. He decided to go, although I begged him not to.
  • 儘管 as much as (much more common) / in spite of / despite
    • e.g. As much as I liked the suit, the price was simply above my reach/pay.
    • e.g. As much as I would like to attend the party with you, I simply/just couldn’t make it because of my work.
  • 除此之外；更重要的是 on the top of that
    • def: on top of = despite
    • e.g. The unemployment rate is rising, and on top of that, factory orders are also down.
  • though 與前句敍述表答相反的意思 e.g. Her words are happy, but look her eyes though. e.g. Listening to english is good, i nood to speak though. e.g. This cakes looks pretty, but its taste though.
• linking words 整理後
  • 除此之外 in addition / furthermore / moreover (原則上 furthermore 跟 moreover 可以互換)
    • e.g. It is raining hard. Furthermore, Ryan’s house is a long way from school.
    • e.g. The test was difficult. In addition, the time was also limited.
    • e.g. The whole report is badly written. Moreover, it’s inaccurate.
  • 除此之外 otherwise e.g. The bike needs a new wheel, but otherwise it’s in good condition.
  • 不過；儘管如此;但是;不過(but still);然而 nevertheless / nonetheless
    • e.g. Umm, not really, but we are nevertheless very close.
    • e.g. Nevertheless, accidents still occur.
    • e.g. I knew a lot about the subject already, but her talk was interesting nevertheless.
    • e.g. Fast food offers convenience. Nevertheless, it contains high calories.
  • 因此;所以 as a result
    • e.g. He sprained his wrist and, as a result, he will not be playing in the tournament.
    • e.g. As a result, we don’t do anything special on New Year’s Eve.
  • 所以;因此 as a consequence e.g. Michael fell down the stairs, and as a consequence, he broke his arm.
  • 所以;因此 consequently / hence / therefore / thus
• Fillers
  • um.. 恩.. / ah.. uh.. 呃..
  • okay..
  • basically..
  • you see.. / I guess / I mean…
  • absolutely / exactly
  • yeah / yep / ok
  • To be honest … / honestly / truth be told
  • I guess that …
  • basically / right
  • So …
  • Actually …
  • In fact …
  • uh e.g. I was, uh, thinking about going to New York.
  • Well …
  • like e.g. I was, like, thinking about going to New York.
  • You know (Ya’ know) e.g. I was, you know, thinking about going to New York.
  • Sort of (sorta) / Kind of (kinda) e.g. I was, sorta, thinking about going to New York.
  • or something (不想表達太強烈) e.g. I was thinking about going to New York, or something.
  • That’s a good question!
  • That’s a trick question!
• 用example解釋一件事情的先後順序 sequencing words
  • In the first place / Firstly / For starters / First of all
  • In the second place / Secondly
  • Plus
  • Yet another example/opinion of this is …
  • not to mention
  • In addition, … / Additionally / Besides, … (此外)
  • Furthermore, … / On top of that, …. (再者,此外)
  • Moreover, … (而且;再者;而且更重要的是)
  • Lastly, ..
• impomptu speeches
  • An Introduction
  • A Main Idea or Point
  • Supporting Evidence / Examples
  • Conclusion
• 拖延戰術
  • Well, let me think about that for a moment.
  • That’s an interesting question!
  • I’ve never really thought about it before. I suppose…
• 拖延時間 buy time
  • e.g. buy us more time
  • e.g. He tried to buy time by saying he hadn’t been well.
• 5w1h: who / what / when / where / why / how
• Well, let’s put it like thist ….
• besides (此外) 的替代
  • besides 此外 e.g. Our new house is so close to the city center. Besides, it has four large bedrooms. 我們的新家鄰近市中心。此外，新家有四間大房間。
  • apart from
  • in addition 此外 e.g. Our new director speaks three languages fluently. In addition, he has six years of experience. 我們的新主管精通三種語言。此外，他有六年工作經驗。
  • moreover 此外、而且 e.g. Eating well is important for our health. Moreover, it is no doubt the cornerstone of our lives. 良好的飲食習慣對身體健康很重要。此外，這也是我們人生的基石。
  • additionally 此外 e.g. I am looking forward to working abroad because the salary is higher. Additionally, I am quiteinterested in experiencing exotic culture. 我很期待出國工作因為薪水更高。此外，我對體驗異國文化有興趣。
  • furthermore 此外、而且 e.g. Sam borrowed my bicycle without asking. Furthermore, he got a flat tire, and didn’t even tellme. 山姆未經過我的同意就騎走我的腳踏車。而且，他爆胎了也不跟我說一聲。
  • on the other hand
  • more so
  • also 此外 e.g. Drunk driving is dangerous. Also, it is both immoral and illegal. 酒駕是很危險的。此外，這是不道德且不合法的。
• then 然候的替代
  • then e.g. The weather was nice in the morning. Then, it started to rain in the afternoon.早上的天氣很好。然後，下午就開始下雨了。
  • afterwards e.g. We plan to have a luncheon to celebrate this event, and take a group picture afterwards.
  • after that e.g. Daniel moved to Japan when we were in sixth grade. After that, we’ve never seen each otheragain. 丹尼爾在六年級時搬到日本。在那之後，我們就不曾見面了。
• So 的替代
  • then e.g. I made pesto pasta and then shared it with my family.
  • therefore 因此 e.g. He was in the middle of something; therefore, he couldn’t make it tonight.
  • thus 因此
    • e.g. He has a race tomorrow; thus, he can’t stay out late tonight.
    • e.g. I already had some snacks an hour ago, thus I don’t want to eat anything now.
  • hence 因此
    • e.g. He doesn’t talk much. Hence, he doesn’t have many friends.
    • e.g. They all love ice cream; hence they want to open a dessert shop together.
  • in conclusion 結果 e.g. In conclusion, if you don’t love him, stop taking advantage of him.
  • as a result 結果
    • e.g. e.g. Mike had a car accident last night. As a result, he took a day off today.
    • e.g. He forgot to lock the door. As a result, everything was stolen.
  • consequently 結果 e.g. He watches english video via VoiceTube twice a week. Consequently, his English improves.
  • in other words 換句話說 e.g. He was economical with the truth - in other words, he was lying.
  • as in = in other words / by which I mean
  • this means
• and 的替代
  • in addition (to) e.g. In addition to my fixed pay, I got a lot of tips.
  • furthermore e.g. Furthermore, I bought a coat and a jacket for the coming winter.
  • moreover e.g. Pilates is a good exercise; moreover, it is easy to learn.
  • as well (as) e.g. He bought some flowers as well as some fresh fruit from the supermarket.
• but 的替代 (如果你想先講 A 再講 B，可以利用轉折連接副詞來串連兩個獨立子句)
  • however 然而
    • e.g. We wanted to spend the day at the beach; however, it rained so we stayed at home. 我們原本想去海邊，然而，天公不作美，我們只好待在家。
    • e.g. I thought the project was quite challenging. However, my supervisor didn’t like it at all.
  • yet e.g. It’s an awesome movie, yet it doesn’t have a happy ending.
  • nevertheless (= however) 然而
    • e.g. I was sick yesterday. Nevertheless, I still did all my homework. 我昨天生病。然而，我還是完成所有的作業。
    • e.g. Some people like living in the city; nevertheless, I like living in the countryside.
    • e.g. A lot of people have already warned him the consequences of the decision. Nevertheless, he still insisted on doing it.
  • nonetheless 然而
    • e.g. The book is too short; nonetheless, there are a lot of illuminating ideas in it.
    • e.g. You’re my friend. Nonetheless, I feel like you’re taking advantage of me. 我視你為好友。然而，我卻覺得你只是在利用我。
  • while e.g. Tom is very extrovert and confident while Katy’s shy and quiet.
• although 儘管的替代
  • although
    • e.g. Although she lost her legs in a skiing accident, she still managed to enjoy every moment of herlife. 儘管滑雪的意外讓她必須截肢，但她仍努力的活在當下、享受人生的每一刻。
    • e.g. Although the weather was bad, we went hiking. 儘管天氣很糟，我們依然去爬山。
  • even so 儘管如此
    • e.g. This time she has kept her promises faithfully. Even so, I don’t really trust her. 這次她有守信用地遵守承諾。儘管如此，我還是不相信她。
  • despite the fact that e.g. despite the fact that I really wanted to hurry home
• actually 的替代
  • in fact e.g. In fact, I already have a boyfriend.
  • to be honest e.g. To be honest, I am starting to worry about the mortgage.
  • indeed e.g. Indeed, we are all lonely souls living alone in this world.
  • in reality e.g. Everybody thought he’s poor, but in reality, his father owns a big company.
  • as a matter of fact e.g. As a matter of fact, I dropped out of school last year just because I was tired of studying.
• because 的替代
  • since (= because)
  • as (= because)
    • e.g. As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel.
    • e.g. He opted not to go see the movie, as it had gotten poor reviews.
  • owing to (because of) e.g. The concert has been cancelled owing to lack of interest.
  • due to + N. / due to the fact that …
    • e.g. The delay was due to heavy traffic.
    • e.g. The plane was grounded due to fog.
  • as a result of
    • e.g. He was late as a result of the typhoon.
    • e.g. As a result of his intervention, the case was reopened and they were ultimately exonerated.
  • for the reason that
• since (既然) 的替代
  • as
  • now that
  • given that
  • as long as
  • so long as
• though (儘管) 的替代
  • although
  • even though
  • despite that
  • in spite of e.g. In spite of his injury, Ricardo will play in Saturday’s match.
  • in spite that
  • even so e.g. I had a terrible headache, but even so I went to the concert.
  • despite + N. e.g. Despite his lack of work experience, he still got the job.
• otherwise (否則；不然) 的替代
  • otherwise * e.g. So you might as well just don’t expect to receive anything from others, otherwise you might feel tested.
  • or else e.g. We must be there by six, or else we’ll miss the beginning.
  • elsewise
  • if not e.g. I hope to see you there but, if not, I’ll call you.
• I think 的替代
  • To/In my mind
  • In my opinion e.g. In my opinion, the previous proposal seems rather feasible.（我認為前一個方案是比較可行的。）
  • It seems/appears to me that … 就我看來；在我看來
  • In my view
  • From my view point
  • From my perspective e.g. From my perspective, nothing is as important as my family.（我認為沒有任何事物比得上我的家人。）
  • My perspective on {sth} is
  • From where I stand
  • To my way of thinking e.g. To my way of thinking, good health is over wealth.（我認為健康勝過財富。）
  • As I see it 依我看來 e.g. As I see it, he seemed a bit biased against women.（依我看，他對女人有點成見。）
  • The way I see it
  • I would argue that …
  • I would say
  • Personally e.g. Personally, I rather stay home than hanging out with friends.（我個人喜歡待在家裡勝過和朋友出去玩樂。）
  • My point is
  • My position on this problem is e.g. My position on this problem is that the education reform was a disaster.（在我看來教育改革是一場災難。）
  • I reckon
  • I feel
  • I figure that
  • I assume that
  • I suggest that
• I want 的替代
  • would like
    • e.g. Would you like coffee or tea?
    • e.g. I would like to have a baby at the age of 25, but Mom thought it’s too early for me.
  • feel like e.g. Star Wars is now in theaters. I feel like watching it!
  • hope
    • e.g. I’m hoping for a new camera for my birthday.
    • e.g. I hope to get straight A’s this semester, so I need to study hard.
    • e.g. I hope that you get better soon.
  • wish
    • e.g. My sister is wishing for her crush to show up at birthday party.
    • e.g. If you wish to have an iPhone 6s, go work and earn it yourself.
    • e.g. I wish I had passed the final exam. (But I didn’t.)
  • yearn
    • e.g. She yearned for a glimpse of him.
    • e.g. The students yearned to have a field trip at the end of the semester.
  • thirst e.g. The self-learning group has been growing every week, since everyone is thirsting for knowledge.
  • crave
    • e.g. Like many celebrities, he craves attention.
    • e.g. I was craving hamburgers, so I pulled into the nearest fast-food restaurant.
  • be dying for
    • e.g. All those men are dying for the princess’ love.
    • e.g. I’m dying for this summer exchange program!
  • long
    • e.g. The whole world longs for peace.
    • e.g. The old man is longing to return home after leaving without a proper goodbye 20 years ago.
• a lot of 的替代
  • plenty (of) e.g. The students have plenty of ideas.
  • a good/great deal of e.g. He spent a great deal of time on the plan.
  • a large number of
  • a large quantity of
• suddenly (突然) 的替代
  • unexpectedly
  • abruptly
  • all of a sudden
  • all at once (idiom)
• like 的替代
  • namely e.g. We need to get more teachers into the classrooms where they’re most needed, namely in high poverty areas.
  • such as
• For example 的替代
  • For instance
  • Take (…) for example
  • A (very) good example here is…
  • To illustrate / As an illustration
  • To give a clear example
  • This is examplified by …
  • To illustrate, ..
• very / really / too 的替代 - intensifier
  • overly e.g. His films have been criticized for being overly violent.
  • high
    • extremely
    • completely
    • absolutely
    • utterly
    • totally
    • entirely
    • exceptionally
    • insanely
    • incredibly
  • medium
    • particularly
    • really
    • very
    • pretty
    • quite
  • low
    • somewhat
    • mildly e.g. The show we saw last night was mildly amusing.
    • relatively
• advantages
  • pros and cons
  • merits and drawbacks
  • benefits and drawbacks
  • positive and negative aspects
• 就我所知 的替代
  • As far as I am concerned
    • e.g. As far as I’m concerned, there are all very positive changes, so good job.
  • As far as I know
  • To my knowledge
  • To my understanding
  • as I recall e.g. You returned the favor, as I recall.
• I believe 的替代
  • I firmly believe …
  • I maintain that
  • I am convinced that
• 我想說的是 的替代
  • I’d like to say
  • I’d like to point out
  • I would say, …
• 坦白說 的替代
  • Frankly speaking
  • To be frank
  • To be honest (放字尾會比較不尖銳)
  • To tell you the truth
• Frequency (adv)
  • always (100%)
  • usually (90%)
  • frequently (80%)
  • often (70%)
  • sometimes (50%) = from time to time 偶爾；有時
  • occasionally (30%)
  • seldom (10%)
  • rarely (5%)
  • never (0%)
• 根據我的理解.. My understanding is .. e.g. My understanding is that she’ll join us next month.
• 深思熟慮後 All things considered, …
• 除了 except
• 除了..(同 except) other than
  • e.g. The form cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself.
• 除了..之外(與 except 不同意思) besides e.g. Besides reading, I like to go hiking. (both like)
• 除了..之外(與 except 不同意思) in addition to e.g. In addition to music, there will be games at the party.
• 除了..之外(與 except 不同意思) apart from / aside from
• 除了..之外 on top of sth e.g. We missed our flight, and on top of that we had to wait seven hours for the next one.
• 而且/此外；除此之外 besides / In addition, / Additionally, .. e.g. Besides, I have lots of things to do.
• 而且(前面的情況是true) for that matter e.g. Brian doesn’t like cats, and for that matter, he’s not fond of dogs, either.
• 整體的；全面的 holistic /hoʊlˈɪs.tɪk/
  • e.g. My doctor takes a holistic approach to disease.
  • e.g. holistic solutions
• 全面的；多方面的;面面俱到的a well rounded / well-rounded
  • e.g. a well-rounded story
  • e.g. The article is well rounded and is fair to both sides of the dispute.
  • e.g. A well-rounded education provides students with great opportunities for success.
• 多方面的a multifaceted e.g. It’s a multifaceted business, offering a range of services.
• 方面；部份n facet /ˈfæs.ət/ e.g. She has so many facets to her personality.
• 部份 segment
  • e.g. Each of these products is aimed at a specific market segment.
• 全方位的；全能的a all-around = all-round e.g. all-around great tool
• 整體的；總體的a,adv overall
  • e.g. overall demand
  • e.g. their overall health
• 整體而言;總的來說;總之 all in all e.g. All in all, I believe that …
• 整體而言;總的來說;總之;一般來說(常用) on the whole
• 整體而言;總的來說;總之;一般來說;大致上 generally (speaking) / in general / by and large
  • e.g. We generally stay home that evening because there are sometimes careless drivers on the road.
• 簡而言之 To put it simply e.g. To put it simply, you need a better computer if you want to use this program.
• 總而言之(蠻口語) To sum up e.g. To sum up, I’m honored to be elected school president
• 總而言之 To summarize e.g. To summarize, the book was fun to read, but I didn’t learn much from it.
• 總結來說 To conclude e.g. To conclude, I would like to thank everyone for coming today.
• 總括上述各點 Overall
  • e.g. Overall there is nothing to distinguish between men and women.
  • e.g. Overall, he has made steady progress in his studies over the year
• 總括上述各點(建議) To recap, .. e.g. To recap, I propose that we first do this …
• 概括v encapsulate /ɪnˈkæp.sjə.leɪt/
  • e.g. She encapsulates the stereotyped image that the British have of Americans.
• 概括；歸納v generalize / generalise
  • e.g. You can’t generalize about a continent as varied as Europe.
• 下結論 in conclusion e.g. In conclusion, smoking is hazardous to health

基本對話

• phone
  • Could you hold on a moment, please?
  • My name is Emma. E as in ‘Erin’, M as in ‘Mary’ …
  • Can you repeat that, please?
  • Can you please slow down?
  • May I ask who’s calling, please?
  • Hi Emma, it’s Jade. How are you? Oh great. I’m good thanks. Long time, no see! I know. Btw, I watched your lesson about using the telephone. Yes, it was great. And very useful.
  • How are you? (formal) / How’s it going? (informal)
• job
• Greetings: Hello -> hi -> hey -> what’s up
• A follow-up greeting: How are you? -> How’s it going? / How ya doin’? / What’s up? / What are you up today?
  • I’m pretty good.
  • Not too bad.
  • Fine
  • Doing (pretty) good / Doing well / everything is going well / can’t complain
  • (Hey/Hi) + What’s up
  • What’s up 可直接回 what’s up / hey / Hey, what’s up
  • what are you up today? 可以回稍微一點 detail 你正在做的事
  • negative 回覆
    • (I’ve) been better
    • could be better
    • I’ve seen better days
• Thanking someone: Thank you -> Thanks / Thanks so much -> ‘Appreciate it
• Replying when someone thanks you: You’re welcome / It’s my pleasure -> No problem / Don’t worry about it
• Apologizing when you made a mistake: I’m sorry -> Sorry ‘bout that / So sorry -> My bad
• When someone apologizes to you: It’s okay = That’s OK / It happens / Don’t worry about it. / No problem / No worries -> No prob’ -> It’s all good.
  • Things happen. e.g. It’s not your fault – these things happen.
• Saying goodbye: Bye -> See you later / Talk to you later (非面對面, on phone/skype)/ Have a good morning -> Have a good one -> Catch you later (朋友間) / take care
• Sample conversation between two friends at a festival
• 沒關係 that’s cool / we’re cool
• 不客氣 you’re welcome / anytime / sure (thing) / don’t mention it / not at all / No worries! / No problem. / it was nothing / You bet! (= it’s fine, don’t worry about it.) / My pleasure. / It’s my pleasure.
• 都可以(回答選項) I’m easy / as you wish / Fine with me / I’m cool / Either will do. / either / Whatever w

數學;加減乘除

• 圓規 compass
• 量角器 protractor
• 進位(加法)v carry over n: carryover
• 加 addition / plus(prep.) v: add
  • 5+5=10 e.g. five plus five equals ten
  • 2+2=4 e.g. Two plus two is/equals four.
  • e.g. If you add three and four you get seven.
• 5/3=1 餘2
  • 商 quotient /ˈkwəʊ.ʃənt/ e.g. quotient is 1
  • 餘 remainder e.g. remainder is 2
  • 3 goes into 5 once, and there are 2 left over.
• 5 * 3 = 15
  • product is 15
• 減 subtraction / minus(prep.) / subtracted by
  • 15-10=5 e.g. fifteen minus ten equals five
  • e.g. Five minus two is three.
  • e.g. if you subtract 10 from 23, you get 13
  • 7-4=3 e.g. 7 subtracted by 4
  • 10-4=6 e.g. Four subtracted from ten equals six.
• 減半v halve
  • e.g. the cost will halve
  • e.g. In the past eight years, the elephant population in Africa has been halved.
  • e.g. The potatoes will cook more quickly if you halve them before you put them in the oven.
• 乘 multiplication / times(prep.) / multiply by
  • e.g. If you multiply seven by 15 you get 105.
  • 3x2=6 e.g. three times 2 equals six
  • e.g. Two times five is ten.
  • e.g. 3x4 = multiply 3 by 4
  • e.g. If you multiply seven by 15 you get 105.
• 除 division / divided by(被動) / by / over
  • e.g. Twelve divided by three is/equals four.
  • e.g. 3/4 = 3 by 4 / 3 divided by 4 / 3 over 4
  • e.g. You multiply Celsius by 9, divide by 5, then add 32.
• 等於av equal
• 質數 prime number
• 因數 factor e.g. Two, three, four and six are all factors of twelve.
• 分數
  • 3 x 5/8 = three and five eighths (複數字尾加上 s)
    • 3 : whole number
    • 分子 numerator /ˈnuː.mə.reɪ.t̬ɚ/
    • 分母 denominator /dɪˈnɑː.mə.neɪ.t̬ɚ/
    • 分數 fraction
  • 1/3: one-third / 1 in 3
  • 2/3: two-thirds (分子不是1, 分母都要加上s)
  • 15/20: fifteen twentieths / fifteen over twenty / fifteen divided by twenty
  • 1/2: one-half
  • 2/3: two-thirds / two over three / two divided by three
  • 1/4, 2/4: a-quater / 2-quaters
  • 2 又 1/4: two and one-fourths
  • 5/9
    • five-ninths (如果分子大於一，分母要加”s”)
    • 5 in 9
    • 5 out of 9
    • five over nine
    • five diveded by nine (較正式)
  • 121/645: one twenty-one over six fourty-fifth / one hundred and twenty-one over six hundred and fourty-five
  • 1/10: one in ten / one-tenth
  • 1/100 = one one-hundredth
  • 1/1000 = one one-thousandth
  • 8/1000 = eight in a thousand / eight thousandths
  • 0.023 = (zero) point zero two three
  • 0.1 == zero point one
  • 20.8= twenty point eight
  • 0.01%: one one-hundredth of a percent = 0.01%
  • 10.02%: ten and two one-hundredths percent
  • 百分之第97 97th percentile e.g. That score puts you in the 97th percentile.
• 平方 square
  • 1^2: 1 square / square of 1
  • 1^3: 1 cube e.g. three cubed equals twenty-seven
  • 1^4: 1 to the 4th power / 1 to the power of 4
  • 3^5: three to the power of five
  • 可簡稱 3 to the n e.g. 3 to the 5 (or 3e5)
• 根號
  • 平方根 square root of
  • 三次方根 cube root of
  • 五次方根 the fifth root of three
  • n次方根 the n-th root of
  • 可簡稱 root n / radical n e.g. root 5 / radical 5
  • 7√128: The seventh root of 128
• 圓周 circumference
• 直徑 diameter /daɪˈæm.ə.t̬ɚ/ e.g. The diameter measures twice the radius.
• 半徑 radius
• 周長 perimeter /pəˈrɪm.ə.t̬ɚ/
• 平方na square
• 立方n cube a: cubic
• 面積 area
• 空間；尺寸n dimension
• 體積 volume
• 鈍角的a obtuse /ɑːbˈtuːs/
• 切線；正切n /ˈtæn.dʒənt/ e.g. on a tangent
• 排列；組合n permutation /ˌpɝː.mjuːˈteɪ.ʃən/
• 99乘法 Multiplication Table
  • 2x1=2 e.g. two times one is two / twice one is two
  • 2x2=4 e.g. two times two is four / twice two is four
  • 2x3=6 e.g. two times three is six
• 四捨五入v round it / round the number / round off
  • e.g. If you have 0.9, 9 is above 5 so you’d round to 1. If you have 0.1, the digit you are rounding is less than 5, so you would round down to 0. If it is 5, then you would round up. It is safe to do this one wherever something just says “round”.
  • e.g. Say, if the eg. is 3.7 then, rounding off will lead to 4. If the eg. is 3.4 then, rounding off will lead to 3.
  • 若以百位數為基礎則會是 100 e.g. round it / round the number to the nearest ten / hundred
  • 含有小數的數字四捨五入到整數 e.g. round it to the nearest whole number
  • 小數點第二位數 run off e.g. round off to the 2nd decimal place
• 無條件進位 round up e.g. round it up
• 無條件捨去 round down / truncate
  • e.g. 無條件捨去到整數 Round down 383.83 to an integer = 383
  • e.g. 無條件捨去到小數一位 Round down 383.38 to the 10th digit = 383.3
  • e.g. 無條件捨去到百位數 Round down 383 to the hundred = 300
  • e.g. The total comes to 154 dollars, but I can round it down to 150 for you.
  • e.g. round it to the nearest hundredth / round it to the nearest tenth
• log (2) 3 = log base 2 of 3
• 小數點
  • 小數點右邊數目的數目 decimal place
  • 小數第n位 e.g. one/two decimal place
  • 小數點取3位數 Round off to 3 decimal places
  • 精確到小數第三位
    • e.g. (accurate to) only the third digit after the decimal point
    • e.g. accurate to 3 decimal places
  • 6.1245: six point one two four five
  • 0.001: 1 thousandth (除了0.001以外都用thousandths)
  • 0.268: 268 thousandths
  • 0.704: 704 thousandths
  • 0.023 (zero 可省): point zero two three
  • 0.48: zero point four eight
• 錢
  • $49.50 forty-nine fifty (可省略 dollars, cents, point) = forty-nine dollars and fifty cents
  • $250.45 two fifty forty-five
  • $4.75 four seventy-five
  • $0.18 eighteen cents
  • $0.25 a quarter
  • $0.89 eighty-nine cents
  • $5.14 five dollars fourteen
• 座標 coordinate
  • 軸 axis (plural: axes)
  • (6,3) e.g. six on the X-axis and a 3 on the Y-axis
• 等邊的a equilateral /ˌiː.kwəˈlæt̬.ɚ.əl/ e.g. an equilateral triangle
• 不等邊三角形 scalene triangle /ˌskeɪ.liːn ˈtraɪ.æŋ.ɡəl/
• 等腰三角形 isosceles triangle /aɪˌsɑː.səl.iːz ˈtraɪ.æŋ.ɡəl/
• Size
  • 鞋 e.g. 8號半 I wear a size eight and a half.
• 相加；總和 add sth up e.g. If you add those four figures up, it comes to over $1,500.
• 總和vn tally
  • e.g. Make sure to keep a tally of the number of customers going in and out.
  • e.g. The final tally was 21 for and 16 against.
  • e.g. The judges are tallying the scores.
• 總共v come to e.g. your total comes to $150
• 總共 in total
  • e.g. The house we live in quite big and it has more than 15 rooms in total.
  • e.g. How much does it cost in total?
  • e.g. As of November 2016, the country has more screens in total than the 40,475 in the US.
• 總計n total of e.g. a total of 14% of A and B
• 總計v amount to
  • e.g. Their annual fuel bills amounted to over $6,000.
  • e.g. The available information amounts to very little in toto.
  • e.g. amount to nothing
• A大於其於的總和 A is more than all other sth combined
• 總額
  • e.g. your total comes to seven dollars
  • e.g. So, it looks like your total is two ninety, thirteen ($290.13).
• 指數的a exponential e.g. exponential growth in our investment
• 倍數
  • 1: single
  • 2: double
  • 3: triple
  • 4: quadruple /kwɑːˈdruː.pəl/
  • 5: quintuple /kwɪnˈtuː.pl/ 五重奏 quintet
  • 6: sextuple /seks-ˈtü-pəl/
  • 7: septuple /ˈseptəpəl/
  • 8: octuple /äkˌt(y)üpəl/
  • 9: nonuple /näˌn(y)üpəl/
  • 10: decuple /de-kyə-pəl/
  • 3的倍數 the number can be divided by 3 / the multiple of 3 / the triple of number.
  • 前者是後者的2倍v twice as A as/[compared to] B
    • There were twice as many unemployed people in 2009 as in 2005.
    • Twice as many people were unemployed in 2009 compared to 2005.
  • 2倍v double e.g. The number of unemployed people doubled between 2005 and 2009.
  • 2倍的a,adv twofold
    • e.g. a twofold increase in the price of natural gas
    • e.g. The sport saw its popularity increase twofold.
  • 3倍的a,adv threefold / 3-fold
    • e.g. an industry that’s set to grow threefold by 2025
    • e.g. experienced a more than threefold increase
  • 10倍 ten-fold e.g. It’s as if time speed up ten-fold.
  • 100倍 hundredfold e.g. Lagos has grown a hundredfold.
  • n倍v __ times as…as/compared to
  • n 的倍數 a multiple of n e.g. 18 is a multiple of 3, because 18 = 3 x 6.
• 胞胎
  • 獨生子女 only child
  • 雙胞胎 twins
  • 三胞胎 triplets /tri-plət/
  • 四胞胎 quadruplets
  • 五胞胎 quintuplets
  • 六胞胎 sextuplets /sekˈstʌp.lət/
  • 七胞胎 septuplets
  • 八胞胎 octuplets
  • 九胞胎 nonuplets
  • 十胞胎 decaplets
  • 十一胞胎 undecaplets
  • 十二胞胎 duodecaplets
• 一千年n millennia /mɪˈlen.i.əm/

符號 notation

• 省略符號 … : ellipsis /iˈlɪp.sɪs/
• % : Percent
• 錢字號 $ : Dollar sign
• 小老鼠 @ : At sign
• 連字號 & : ampersand, and
• 星號 * : Star (口語), asterisk /ˈæs.tər.ɪsk/, wild card
• 井字號 # : hash tag, pound sign(口語), number sign
• 底線 _ : Underline, underscore e.g. 畫底線v underscore
• - : Hyphen, Dash
• 箭頭 → :　arrow
• ` : grave accent / backtick / backquote
• ^ : Caret
• | : (Broken) vertical bar
• ‖ : parallel
• 左斜線 / : slash / forward slash
• 右斜線 \ : backslash
• 句點 . : Period, Dot
• 逗號 , : Comma
• 問號 ? : question mark
• 驚嘆號 ! : exclamation mark
• 小蚯蚓 ~ : tilde
• 等號 = : equal sign
• 冒號 : : colon
• 分號 ; : semicolon /ˈsem.iˌkoʊ.lən/
• ‘ : apostrophe /əˈpɑː.strə.fi/ e.g. my dad’s car
• 單引號 ' : single quotation marks
• 雙引號 " : double quotation marks
• 引號 “ ‘ : Quotation marks
• 大括號 { } : curly brackets, Braces, curly braces, opening braces
• 左大括號 { :　open brace, left curly brace, open curly, closing braces
• 右大括號 } :　close brace, right curly brace, close curly　
• 中括號 [ ] : square Brackets
• 左中括號 [　open bracket, left square bracket
• 右中括號 ]　close bracket, right square bracket
• 括號 ( ) : Parenthesis
• 左括號 ( :　open parenthesis, left parenthesis, open paren　
• 右括號 ) :　close parenthesis, right parenthesis, close paren　
• 尖括號 <> : angle brackets
• 書名號 《》 : French quotes
• 斜體的a italic
• 刪除線 strikethrough
• 畫刪除線；劃掉v strike sth out / strike sth through e.g. Please strike out whichever option does not apply to you.
• 劃掉v cross sth out e.g. If you think it’s wrong, cross it out and write it again.
• 畫線標出v mark out
  • e.g. He’d marked out a volleyball court on the beach with a stick.
• 勾掉；標記(checkbox)v tick off
  • e.g. That’s one more action point that we can tick off.
• 標註正確或完成 check off (sth)
  • e.g. He checked off their names on the list as they got on the bus.
• 項目符號 bullet point

縮寫 abbreviation

• 英文月份的縮寫，有三個月是不縮寫的，May June July，九月的縮寫為 Sept. 其他就是三碼 e.g. Jan.
• N/A: It is used to indicate when information in a certain table cell is not provided
• aka: also known as 又稱為
• btw: by the way 順便一提
• fyi: for your information 供你參考
• NA: not applicable 不適用的
• vs.: versus 與..相對
• e.g.: exempli gratia 舉例
• i.e.: in other words, 也就是；即
• 縮寫;首字母的組合 acronym /ˈæk.rə.nɪm/ e.g. AIDS is an acronym for “Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome”.
• RAPTORS (hotfix): Releases And Patches Timetabled Outside Release Schedule

食物

• 櫥具
  • 大鍋子(火上面) cauldron /ˈkɑːl.drən/
  • 不沾 nonstick e.g. nonstick skillet
  • 平底鍋 skillet
  • 平底鍋 pan e.g. thick-bottomed pan / a copper-bottomed saucepan
  • 深平底鍋;燉鍋(有蓋的)n saucepan
  • 鍋鏟 spatula
  • 插針(e.g. 烤肉用)n skewer /ˈskjuː.ər/
• 食物名
  • 豆芽菜 bean sprouts
  • 蛋白 egg white
  • 蛋黃 egg yolk
  • 煎一面的荷包蛋 sunny side up
  • 煎兩面的荷包蛋 over easy
  • 魚丸(把不同種的魚去骨後，混和在一起的東西) gefilte fish
  • 魚丸(不同的肉絞碎後揉成一團的東西，例如貢丸或魚漿) fish forcemeat
  • 糖漿 molasses /məˈlæs.ɪz/
  • 海苔 dried seaweed
  • 成熟的(食物;作物)a ripe /raɪp/ 過熟的a overripe <-> 未熟的a unripe
    • e.g. The fruit is ripe.
    • e.g. Tastes like unripe bananas.
  • 熟度 ripeness e.g. please have some :banana: from the kitchen. They are in the right ripeness and sweetness
  • 甜度 sweetness e.g. please have some :banana: from the kitchen. They are in the right ripeness and sweetness
  • 菠菜 spinach /ˈspɪn.ɪtʃ/
  • 食材n ingredient(s)
  • 嬰兒配方奶粉 baby formula
  • 飯團 (japanese) rice ball / Onigiri
  • 湯圓 tangyuan / dumpling / ball
  • 粽子 rice dumpling
  • 小籠包 steamed dumpling
  • 羽衣甘藍 kale
  • 小黃瓜 cucumber
  • 生菜n lettuce
  • 芹菜 celery /ˈsel.ɚ.i/
  • 木薯澱粉(珍珠)n tapioca (pearls) [ˌtæp.iˈoʊ.kə] / tapioca ball
  • 芋頭 taro(s) 芋頭圓 taro ball
  • 地瓜圓 sweet potato ball
  • 仙草凍 grass jelly / herbal jelly
  • 仙草茶 herbal tea / grass tea
  • 燒仙草 sweet soup with grass jelly / sweet soup with herbal jelly
  • 沾醬 dip / dipping sauce
  • 高湯 stock
  • 肉湯n broth
  • 剉冰 shaved ice e.g. 有加一堆料的的剉冰 shaved ice with lots of toppings
  • 冰棒(統稱) ice pop
  • 冰棒 popsicle /ˈpɒp.sɪ.kəl/ (US) / ice lolly (UK) / icy pole (AU)
  • 大蔥;韭蔥n leek
  • 青蔥 green onion / spring onion
  • 青蔥 scallion /ˈskæl.i.ən/
  • 豬油 lard
  • 焦糖布丁 flan
  • 粉條 rat noodle
  • 棷果 nata de coco / coconut jelly
  • 漸層的a layered e.g. the layered juice
  • 拉絲;牽絲 stringy /ˈstrɪŋ.i/ n: stringiness e.g. stringy pizza / stringy cheese
  • 有嚼勁的;好Q;彈牙的a chewy /ˈtʃuː.i/
  • 烹調得不太軟的，有嚼勁的，耐嚼的a,adv al dente /ˌæl ˈden.teɪ/
  • 義大利麵(廣義) pasta
  • 義大利麵(細麵,a type of pasta) spaghetti
  • 義大利麵(細管)n macaroni /ˌmæk.ərˈəʊ.ni/
  • 筋(肉)n tendon /ˈten.dən/
  • 筋(肉;建築)n sinew /ˈsɪn.juː/
    • e.g. These steel posts form the sinews of the building.
    • e.g. the sinews in her neck
  • 瘦肉 lean meat
  • 肥肉 fat meat / fatty meat
  • 肉乾 jerky
  • 嚼不爛的肉 tough meat
  • 焗烤的a baked e.g. baked pasta/rice/sandwich with cheese
  • 炒蛋v scramble
  • 炒蛋;煎蛋n scrambled eggs
  • 豆花 tofu pudding / soft tofu / soybean pudding
  • 蛋黃醬 mayonnaise
  • 芥末(醬) mustard /ˈmʌs.təd/
  • 糖密n treacle
  • 漢堡或夾熱狗的麵包 bun
  • 鍋貼 pot stickers
  • 橘子 tangerine /ˈtæn.dʒə.riːn/
  • 糕點 pastry
  • 餡餅n flan e.g. a cheese and onion flan
  • 胡椒 pepper
  • 辣椒 chili
  • 麵團 dough
  • 一匙 a teaspoon of sth
  • 肉汁 gravy
  • 肉乾 jerky e.g. beef jerky
  • 煎的蛋餅 omelet /ˈɑː.mə.lət/
  • 蚵仔煎 Oyster Omelet
  • 無骨肉 fillet (US) [ˈfɪl.ɪt] / filet(UK)
  • 雞排 Chicken Fillet
  • 鹽酥雞 Fried chicken (Popcorn chicken)
  • 豬血糕 Pig Blood Cake
  • 滷味 braised snacks
  • 魯肉飯 braised pork on rice
  • 縠類;穀物;麥片n cereal /ˈsɪr.i.əl/ e.g. breakfast cereals
  • 燕麥n oats
  • 麥片粥;燕麥粥 oatmeal /ˈəʊt.miːl/
  • 麥片粥;燕麥粥 porridge /ˈpɔːr.ɪdʒ/ e.g. rice porridge
  • 米粥;稀飯 congee /ˈkɑːn.dʒi/
  • 小菜 side dishes
  • 關東煮 oden
  • 粗塩 coarse salt
  • 一般塩 table salt
  • 澀澀的a astringent /əˈstrɪn.dʒənt/ n: astringency
    • e.g. I like black tea better than green tea, because green tea is more astringent than black.
    • e.g. I don’t like the astringency of guavas, that’s why I always eat apples.
  • 碳酸飲料 carbonated drinks
    • 氣泡水 sparkling water
    • 汔水 spark (UK) / soda (US)
  • 礦泉水 mineral water
  • 蔓越霉;小紅莓n cranberry /ˈkræn.ber.i/
  • 碳水化合物n carbohydrate /ˌkɑːr.boʊˈhaɪ.dreɪt/ = carb /kɑːrb/
  • 澱粉n starch a: starchy e.g. starchy foods / potato starch
  • 義大利燉飯n risotto /rɪˈzɒt.əʊ/
  • 濃縮的a concentrated e.g. concentrated orange juice
  • 白花椰菜 cauliflower /ˈkɒl.ɪˌflaʊ.ər/
  • 綠花椰菜 broccoli /ˈbrɒk.əl.i/
  • 香菇 mushroom
  • 香菇 shitake /ʃɪˈtɑː.ki/ / shiitake mushroom
  • 餃皮 dumpling wrapper
  • 餡料 filling e.g. Make sure that the wrapper has completed covered the filling.
• 甜點
  • 甜食 dessert
  • 點心&飲料 refreshment(s)
• 水果
  • 葡萄柚 grapefruit
  • 酪梨 avocado /ˌæv.əˈkɑː.doʊ/
  • 水梨;西洋梨 pear
  • 櫻桃;寶貴的機會 cherry
  • 椰子 coconut
  • 棗子 date / jujube [ˈdʒuː.dʒuːb]
  • 榴槤 durian
  • 葡萄 grape
  • 葡萄柚 grapefruit
  • 哈密瓜 honeydew melon
  • 荔枝 lichee
  • 奇異果 kiwi fruit
  • 木瓜 papaya
  • 百香果 passion fruit
  • 柿子 persimmon
  • 火龍果 pitaya fruit / dragon fruit
  • 李子;梅子 plum
  • 橘子 tangerine /ˈtæn.dʒə.riːn/
  • 柚子;文旦 shaddock / pomelo [ˈpɑː.mə.loʊ]
  • 楊桃 starfruit / carambola
  • 甘蔗 sugar cane
  • 釋迦 sweetsop / sugar apple
  • 蓮霧 wax apple / bell apple / love apple / java apple
• 調味量
  • 冰塊量 amount of ice
    • 正常冰 regular ice
    • 少冰 easy ice
    • 去冰 ice-free
  • 甜度 sweetness level
    • 全糖 regular sugar
    • 7分糖 less sugar
    • 半糖 half sugar
    • 少糖 quarter sugar
    • 無糖 sugar-free
  • 鹽 salt 少鹽a low-salt
  • 熟度 doneness
    • 生的 raw
    • 一分熟 rare
    • 三分 medium-rare
    • 五分 medium
    • 七分 medium-well
    • 全熟 well-done
  • 嘴麻(辣)a tingly e.g. my tongue is tingling
• 喝的
  • 酒n alcohol / booze [buːz]
  • 很多酒的a boozy e.g. a boozy party
  • 茶n a cup of tea / a brew
  • 咖啡n a cup of coffee / a cup of joe
  • 即溶的(咖啡；湯)a instant e.g. instant coffee
  • 少量；少許(通常是液體)n a dash e.g. my soup with a dash of salt / my tea with a dash of milk
  • 少量烈酒 shot e.g. a shot of whisky
  • 喝酒(大喝) get/be on the piss e.g. Let’s get on the piss.
• 事前凖備 preparation
  • 可以自已煮飯的a self-catering e.g. self-catering apartments/accommodation
  • 切片v fillet /ˈfɪl.ɪt/ e.g. fillet a pork tenderloin
  • 切片 slice
    • e.g. slice smoked salmon
    • e.g. Can you slice onions up for me?
  • 切斷 cut off
  • 切；剁v chop
    • e.g. chop onions
    • 剁碎 chop up sth e.g. chop up some vegetables
  • 切丁v dice /daɪs/ e.g. dice a carrot
  • 切成肉末;切碎;剁碎v mince /mɪns/ n: 肉末
    • e.g. minced onions
    • e.g. beef mince
    • e.g. Mince two pounds of chicken finely.
  • 切碎 cut up sth e.g. cut up the chicken
  • 切碎v shred /ʃred/ e.g. shred cheese
  • 切絲v julienne /ˌdʒuː.li.ˈen/ e.g. julienne cabbage
  • 磨碎v grate e.g. grated cheese 起司粉
  • 搗碎v mash a: mashed e.g. mashed potatoes 馬鈴薯泥
  • 壓碎v crush e.g. crush a clove of garlic 壓碎一辦大蒜
  • 弄碎v crumble e.g. The cliffs on which the houses are built are starting to crumble.
  • 弄成醬v puree /ˌpjʊˈreɪ/ e.g. puree tomatoes in a food processor 用食物處理機將番茄打成醬狀
  • 裹上麵包粉v bread e.g. bread oysters 將牡蠣裹上麵包粉
  • 淋上糖漿v glaze e.g. glazed carrots 蜜紅蘿蔔
  • 淋(醬汁)v baste e.g. baste the turkey with its juice 將肉汁淋上火雞肉
  • 稍加浸泡、沾醬v dip e.g. dip a shrimp into vinegar 將蝦子沾一下醋
  • 塗v spread e.g. spread bread with butter 在麵包上塗奶油
  • 灑v sprinkle e.g. sprinkle pepper on the steak 灑一些胡椒到牛排上
  • 刷v brush e.g. brush some oil 刷一點油
  • 澆上/泡滷汁v marinate /ˈmær.ɪ.neɪt/ e.g. marinate pork in vinegar and white wine
  • 絞碎v grind e.g. ground meat 絞肉
  • 削皮v shave e.g. shave carrots
  • 剝皮;去皮v外皮n peel e.g. Could you peel the carrots? / apple peel
  • 去鱗v scale e.g. scale a fish
  • 去核v core e.g. core an apple
  • 去除不要的;削掉v trim e.g. trim off the fat
  • 去除；剝掉；撕掉v strip
    • e.g. The paintwork was so bad that we decided to strip off all the paint and start again.
    • e.g. During the summer months, the sheep strip the mountains bare.
  • 填裝v stuff e.g. stuff dumplings with meat
  • 瀝乾v drain
    • e.g. drain canned beans
    • e.g. Drain the pasta thoroughly.
  • 發酵v ferment a: fermented
    • e.g. You make wine by leaving grape juice to ferment until all the sugar has turned to alcohol.
    • e.g. fermented vegetable
  • 醃v pickle a: pickled e.g. picked cabbage (泡菜)
  • 泡菜 kimchi
  • 浸泡v soak e.g. soak green beans
  • 搾v squeeze e.g. squeeze a lemon
• 烹調cook
  • 燉;燜(慢火)v braise /breɪz/ (=stew) a: braised e.g. braise the lamb in wine
  • 燉菜，燜菜;燉肉(lamb/bean/fish)nv stew /stuː/ e.g. stew chicken
  • 燉v simmer (=stew)
    • e.g. Leave the vegetables to simmer for a few minutes.
    • e.g. simmer pork in vegetable soup
  • 川燙v blanch /blæntʃ/ e.g. blanch a tomato to peel its skin 川燙番茄後剝皮
  • 熬煮v braise e.g. braise gravy 熬煮肉汁
  • 水煮v poach e.g. poached egg 水煮荷包蛋
  • 蒸v steam e.g. steam a lobster
  • 嫩煎v saute /sɔːˈteɪ/ e.g. saute a salmon
  • 炒v fry
  • 煎炒v pan-fry
  • 快炒v stir-fry
  • 油炒v deep-fry
  • 烤肉(炭火)nv barbecue
    • e.g. Their traditional sausages are delicious grilled or barbecued.
    • e.g. We’re having a barbecue on Saturday - I hope you can come.
  • 烤肉(用火烤架)v grill e.g. grill lamb ribs
  • 烘烤(熱源來自四面八方)v roast
  • 烤(熱源來自上方)v broil
  • 煙燻v smoke e.g. smoke fish
  • 瀝出v strain e.g. strain gravy 瀝出肉汁
  • 撇去液體表面的漂浮物v skim e.g. skim the grease from a soup 將湯上的浮油撈掉
  • 攪v stir e.g. stir the soup in a pot
  • 翻滾；攪動v roil
    • def: to (cause to) move quickly in a twisting circular movement
    • e.g. A massive tower of smoke roiled skyward.
  • 攪拌(手動)(器;)v whisk
    • e.g. Whisk the egg whites until stiff.
    • e.g. Using a whisk, blend the ingredients thoroughly.
  • 攪拌機(電動)(水泥;食物)n mixer
  • 攪拌機n blender
  • 翻面v flip e.g. flip a pancake
  • 滋滋響的a sizzle
    • e.g. The sausages are sizzling in the pan
    • e.g. Do you hear that sizzling?
  • 咕嚕咕嚕(沸騰)v bubble e.g. The chicken soup is bubbling on the stove.
• 餐具;櫥具
  • 免洗餐具 disposable tableware / utensil
  • 櫥具 cookware
  • 餐具(刀；湯匙；餐盤,不包括桌巾) tableware
  • 餐具(銀製) sliverware
  • 餐具(刀；叉) cutlery
  • 刀 knive(s)
  • 叉 fork(s)
  • 湯匙 spoon(s)
  • 餐盤 plate
  • 桌巾 tablecloth
  • 餐巾(布) cloth napkin
  • 餐巾(紙) paper napkin
• 海陸大餐 surf and turf
• 晚餐 dinner (US) / tea (AU) e.g. Let’s have tea.
• 份量 serving size / portion size / the amount of (food/drink)
• 飲食 diet
• 節食 go on a diet
• 減肥v shed weight / lose weight n: weight loss
• 增胖v get fat / gain weight / gain 2 kg
• 喜歡吃甜食 a sweet tooth e.g. many Taiwanese people do have a sweet tooth
• 美食家；愛吃的人 foodie
• 美食(高檔)n delicacy /ˈdel.ə.kə.si/
• 料理 cuisine
• 烹飪的a culinary /ˈkʌl.ɪ.nər.i/ e.g. My culinary skills are limited to boiling water.
• 烹飪n cookery
  • e.g. cookery classes/book/programm
  • e.g. cookery programmes on TV
• 美食的a gourmet /ˈɡɔː.meɪ/ e.g. a gourmet meal
• 鐵板燒 teppanyaki
• 抹油脂(烤肉)v baste
  • e.g. Baste the turkey at regular intervals.
  • e.g. butter-basted steak
• 養份;螢養n nutrient(s)
  • e.g. We get so many nutrients from nuts.
  • e.g. It’s good soil - full of nutrients.
  • e.g. A healthy diet should provide all your essential nutrients.
  • e.g. wonderful grass that’s full of nutrients
• 營養學n dietetics /ˌdaɪ.əˈtet.ɪks/
• 營養;食物n sustenance e.g. A stick of celery does not provide much sustenance.
• 營養；養分n nourishment 有營養的a nourishing 養育(人);滋養v nourish
  • e.g. Sweets aren’t very nourishing.
  • e.g. This cream is supposed to help nourish your skin.
• 營養不良的a malnourished /ˌmælˈnɝː.ɪʃt/ e.g. 370,000 malnourished children
• 攝取量n intake
  • e.g. daily calorie intake
  • e.g. The difference in daily vitamin intake in your cultures.
• 好吃的a tasty
• 好吃的a delicious
• 極好吃的a scrumptious /ˈskrʌmp.ʃəs/ e.g. scrumptious cakes
• 吃一口 take a bite e.g. I am eating a pizza. Do you want to take a bite?
• 零食；小吃n吃零食v snack 吃零食v snack
  • e.g. I love snacking.
  • e.g. I’ll just snack on an apple if I get hungry.
  • e.g. Snacking between meals is not good for your health.
• 零食 munchies /ˈmʌn.tʃiz/ e.g. We need a few munchies - some peanuts and crackers.
• 享用(食物);仔細品嘗v savour(UK) / savor(US) e.g. It was the first chocolate he’d tasted for over a year, so he savoured every mouthful.
• 放縱的吃喝一天 binge day
• 大吃v munch (on sth)
  • e.g. this leopard is munching on an antelope
  • e.g. He was munching on an apple.
• 大吃一頓v gobble sth up
• 大吃v stuff
  • e.g. He stuffed himself with pizza.
  • e.g. Don’t stuff yourself; you need to save room for dessert.
• 暴食v binge-eat n: binge eating
• 暴飲暴食；貪吃n gluttony /ˈɡlʌt̬.ən.i/ e.g. They treat Christmas as just another excuse for gluttony.
• 狼吞虎嚥;狂吃;狂喝v guzzle
  • e.g. He guzzled his beer and ordered another.
• 吃過多v overeat-overate-overeaten 暴飲暴食n overeating e.g. I find myself overeating particular types of food.
• 吞下v swallow
• 吸水紙/墊 absorbent pads /əbˈzɔːr.bənt/
• 宵夜 (late-night) supper / second dinner e.g. We usually have tea at about 5.30 p.m., then supper before we go to bed.
• 豐盛的a hearty e.g. hearty breakfast
• 狂吃；狼啓虎嚥v wolf e.g. he wolfed it all down
• 小吃 street food
• 脆生生的，鬆脆的，鮮脆的(食物)a crunchy 嘎吱作響地咬嚼v: crunch
  • e.g. crunchy vegetables
  • e.g. Stop crunching the chips with your mouth open! It’s gross!
• 易碎的;脆的a brittle e.g. The pond was covered in a brittle layer of ice.
• 脆的a crispy e.g. The are crispy on the outside, chewy on the inside.
• 破碎 break up e.g. The airplane broke up when it hit the ground.
• 破裂;骨折v fracture
  • e.g. She fractured her skull in the accident.
  • e.g. Two of her ribs fractured when she was thrown from her horse.
• 招牌菜；拿手菜n signature dish e.g. Seafood curry is this restaurant’s signature dish. Let’s order it!
• 可微波的a microwaveable
• 開罐器 can opener
• 罐裝的a canned e.g. canned fruit/tomatoes
• 鹹或辣的(反正不會是甜的)a savoury /ˈseɪ.vər.i/ (UK) / savory (US)
• 鹽水的a briny e.g. briny
• 辣的a spicy n: spiciness
  • e.g. spicy food
  • 辣度 e.g. the level of spiciness
• 嫩的a tender e.g. My steak was beautifully tender.
• 硬的a tough e.g. The steak is very tender / tough / chewy.
• 多汁的a juicy e.g. juicy steak
• 多汁的a succulent /ˈsʌk.jə.lənt/ e.g. a big piece of succulent steak
• 小菜 appetizer 主菜 Entrees /ˈɑːn.treɪ/
• （用湯匙）盛，舀v ladle
• （商品上標明的）到期日；保存期限 sell-by date
• 保存期 shelf life e.g. above 10 months
• 主食 staple diet/food
• 副食 non-staple food
• 油膩的a greasy /ˈɡriː.si/ 油脂;油狀物n: grease e.g. greasy food
• 油膩的a oily
• 高脂的a fatty e.g. fatty food
• 佐料；醬料(especially salads) dressing
• 調味料 seasoning
• 調味品(鹽) condiment /ˈkɑːn.də.mənt/
• 沾醬 dip
• 調味(souce)n relish
• 豬油 lard
• 橄欖油 olive oil
• (連鎖)飲料店 beverage store (chain)
• 不肖業者 a dishonest vendor
• 黑心商人 a dishonest businessman
• 進口食物 imported food
• 用手抓著吃的食物 finger food
• 農藥殘留 pesticide residue
• 醃泡汁;醃漬調料n marinade v: marinate/marinade
  • e.g. Marinate the chicken in white wine for a couple of hours before frying.
  • e.g. Pour the marinade over the beef and leave it for 24 hours.
• 熟了a cooked
  • e.g. cooked meat/vegetables
  • e.g. I don’t think the chicken is completely cooked.
• 沒熟v undercook e.g. it’s undercooked
• 過熟v overcook e.g. The chicken was overcooked and dry.
• 煮過熟的a overdone e.g. The roast lamb was dry and overdone.
• 我不太會煮菜 I’m not a very good cook
• 食物酸掉 turn sour e.g. Lisa forgot to put the milk in the refrigerator so it turned sour.
• 食物壞掉 go bad / spoil
  • e.g. My boyfriend and I planned to cook at home but all the vegetable had gone bad so we ate out.
  • e.g. I think the soup is spoilt. It tastes funny.
• 不新鮮的a go stale e.g. The bread/biscuits/cake had gone stale.
• 走味(食物) [go/turn] + [bad/spoil/sour/rotten]
• 發霉的(食物;物品)a mouldy (UK) / moldy (US) n: mold (US) / mould (UK) v: mold
  • e.g. mouldy bread/cheese/clothes
  • e.g. The old hotel room was damp and smelled really moldy.
  • e.g. The bread molded.
  • e.g. There is mold on the bread.
  • e.g. The bread is moldy.
  • e.g. The bread has gone moldy, become mildewed.
• 發霉的a mildewed 黴菌n mildew
  • e.g. The gardener cut off some mildewed leaves from the rose bushes.
• 有霉味的a musty / fusty
  • e.g. There are some musty old books in my father’s study.
  • e.g. Your room smells a bit fusty.
• 吹涼食物 blow on the food to make it cool
• 沒食慾 lose my appetite
• 開胃的a appetising (US) / appetizing (UK) e.g. appetizing smells from the kitchen
• 我要(點餐)
  • e.g. I’m going to go with the fried chicken special
  • I’ll 或 I’m going to 都可以; have 或 take 都可以
    • e.g. I’ll take a medium orange juice.
    • e.g. I’m going to have an ice cream sundae.
  • I’d like
    • e.g. I’d like a salad.
    • e.g. I’d like a glass of root beer.
  • I’d like to order
    • e.g. I’d like to order a grilled chicken sandwich.
  • go with
    • e.g. Woman: Okay. Large or small? Man: Well, let’s go with a large.
    • e.g. I’m going to go with a salad.
• 家常菜 home cooking
• 套餐；1號餐(fastfood) combo 1
• 套餐(正式的餐廳) set meal
• 小餐館 eatery
• 午餐(正式) luncheon
• 加大 up size
• 無味的a flavorless
• 無味的a bland e.g. I find chicken a little bland.
• 外層 coating e.g. cake with chocolate coating
• 上層 topping e.g. pizza with cheeze topping
• 內餡 filling e.g. pizza with cheeze filling
• 薄薄一層 covering e.g. a light covering of snow
• 在垃圾桶尋找被浪費掉的完好食物(快過期被賣場丟的) dumpster diving

政治;社會；國際;政策；法律；經濟；歷史;公民運動

• 外交
  • 領事館 consulate /ˈkɑːn.sjə.lət/ 領事(館)的a consular /ˈkɑːn.sjə.lɚ/
    • e.g. the consular office
  • 親..的a pro- <–> 反a anti-
    • 親美的 e.g. pro-American
    • e.g. pro-democracy demostrations
    • e.g. pro-government
  • 使節;特使n envoy /ˈen.vɔɪ/ e.g. a United Nations special envoy
  • 特使n emissary
  • 大使n ambassador /æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/
• 選舉
  • 宣告n manifesto
  • 召回v recall
  • 罷免n recall
    • e.g. Hundreds rally for recall vote today
    • e.g. lose the recall vote
  • 抹黑vn smear
    • e.g. The prime minister has dismissed the allegations as smears and innuendo.
    • e.g. She decided to sue for libel after the newspaper smeared her private life.
    • 抹黑運動 smear campaign
  • 惡意中傷 cheap shot
    • e.g. Making fun of his name was a cheap shot.
  • 議會 Parliament
  • 立法院 Legislature
  • 說客 lobbyist /ˈlɒb.i.ɪst/
  • 政治n politics
  • 政見發表會; 競選演講拉票活動 the hustings /ˈhʌs.tɪŋz/
  • 政見v political view
    • 提出政見v propose political view
  • 政見n platform
    • e.g. party platform
    • e.g. We campaigned on a platform of low taxation.
  • 政見n manifesto [ˌmæn.ɪˈfes.təʊ]
    • e.g. In their election manifesto, the Liberal Democrats proposed increasing taxes to pay for improvements in education.
  • 民調 poll / polling
  • 投票處 the polls
  • 兩任限制 two-term limit
  • 任期限制 term limits
  • 參選v run for
    • e.g. He ran for the presidency.
    • e.g. He decided to run for a second term as a president.
  • 選舉作弊 electoral fraud
  • 選票 ballot
  • 買票 vote buying
  • 灌票 ballot stuffing
  • 票箱 ballot box
  • 投票v cast a ballot / cast a vote / vote
  • 投票日 voting date
  • 投票人數n turnout
    • e.g. increase turnout
    • e.g. Good weather on polling day should ensure a good turnout.
  • 賄選 election bribery
  • 基本盤 base
  • 蠱惑民心的政客 demagogue /ˈdem.ə.ɡɑːɡ/
  • 偏坦的；盲目支持的a partisan
    • e.g. The audience was very partisan, and refused to listen to her speech.
  • 兩黨派的a bipartisan /ˌbaɪˈpɑːr.t̬ə.zən/
    • e.g. a bipartisan committee
    • e.g. ensuring broad bipartisan support in Congress
  • 上任v take up office / take office
    • e.g. The minister took up office in December.
    • e.g. took office
    • e.g. It was his first trip to the U.S. since taking office earlier this year.
  • 掌權 take power e.g. In 1978, Xiaoping took power in the PRC.
  • 選上；當選v win the election e.g. He won the election by a wide margin.
  • 選上的;當選的a elected e.g. The newly elected president promised to return the country to the “first-tier nations".
  • 競選(總統)v run for (the office)
  • 競選;參選v stand
    • e.g. In order to be elected though, you first have to stand, don’t you?
    • e.g. someone stands for election
  • 派系；派別n faction
    • e.g. the left-wing faction of the party
    • e.g. There was a feeling that Mr Hu needed to please various factions within the Communist Party.
  • 獨派n pro-independence e.g. pro-independence president in 2016 / this party is pro-independence
  • 親民主的a pro-democracy e.g. pro-democracy protesters
  • 造勢活動 election rally
  • 政治正確 political correctness
  • 政治不正確的a politically incorrect
• 犯罪;法律
  • 把風 lookout
  • 事實上的(不一定要法律承認) de facto
    • def: existing in fact, although perhaps not intended, legal, or accepted
    • e.g. The city is rapidly becoming the de facto centre of the financial world.
    • e.g. He’s her de facto husband though they’re not actually married.
    • e.g. English is de facto the common language of much of the world today.
  • 起訴書n indictment e.g. This seems to me to be a damning indictment of the government’s education policy.
  • 一夫一妻制n monogamous /məˈnɒɡ.ə.məs/
  • 誤殺n manslaughter
  • 報案 report a case to the police
  • 通輯a wanted /ˈwɒn.tɪd/ e.g. He’s a wanted man.
  • 搜索令 search warrant
  • 腳鏈；手鏈n shackle(s)
  • 手銬 handcuffs
  • 證明；證實v substantiate /səbˈstæn.ʃi.eɪt/
    • e.g. We have evidence to substantiate the allegations against him.
    • e.g. Reports that children had been hurt have not been substantiated.
  • 證明..無罪v exonerate /ɪɡˈzɒn.ə.reɪt/ n: exoneration e.g. The report exonerated the crew from all responsibility for the collision.
  • 謀殺n homicide /ˈhɒm.ɪ.saɪd/
  • 放寬v ease e.g. they’ve eased visa regulations for certain passport holders
  • 拷打;虐待nv torture
    • e.g. It is claimed that the officers tortured a man to death in a city police station.
    • e.g. He revealed the secret under torture.
  • 保釋v 保釋金n bail
    • e.g. He was released/remanded on bail (of $100,000).
    • e.g. She was yesterday bailed for three weeks on drink-driving offences.
  • 還押;在押中nv remand
    • e.g. He was remanded on theft charges.
    • e.g. The accused was remanded in custody (= kept in prison before the trial began) for a week.
    • 在押候審中 on remand e.g. He was held on remand in prison for 18 months.
  • 訊問；審問；盤問v interrogate e.g. Thousands of dissidents have been interrogated or imprisoned in recent weeks.
  • 具有監護權的;照管的；監護的a custodial /kʌsˈtəʊ.di.əl/ n: custody
    • e.g. Her ex-husband currently has full custody of their two sons.
    • e.g. a custodial account
  • 撫養費n maintenance e.g. He refused to pay maintenance for his three children.
  • 引渡v extradite /ˈek.strə.daɪt/ n: extradition /ˌek·strəˈdɪʃ·ən/ e.g. He will be extradited to Arizona from Florida.
  • 假釋n parole /pəˈroʊl/
    • e.g. eligible for parole
    • 不得假釋 without parole
    • e.g. was released on parole in January
    • e.g. n sentencing the 57-year-old to a minimum 20 years without parole
  • 辯護;證明v vindicate /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/
    • e.g. They said they welcomed the trial as a chance to vindicate themselves.
    • e.g. The decision to include Morris in the team was completely vindicated when he scored two goals.
  • 認罪 admission of guilt
  • 認罪;為..辯護v plead
    • 認罪 e.g. plead guilty
    • e.g. The defendant pleaded not guilty/innocent to robbery with violence.
  • 偽證 perjury
  • 走私貨n contraband e.g. The lorry contained thousands of pounds worth of contraband.
  • 走私v smuggle
  • 叛國罪n treason
  • 原告；起訴人 plaintiff /ˈpleɪn.tɪf/
  • 被告 defendant /dɪˈfen.dənt/
  • 槍手 shooter / gunman
  • 槍擊n shooting
  • 叛變nv mutiny
    • e.g. The troops mutinied against their officers.
    • e.g. Conditions on the ship were often very bad, and crews were on the point of mutiny.
  • 叛徒n renegade /ˈren.ə.ɡeɪd/
  • 攻擊者 assailant /əˈseɪlənt/
  • 行兇者n perpetrator /ˈpɝː.pə.treɪ.t̬ɚ/ 犯罪v perpetrate /ˈpɝː.pə.treɪt/
    • e.g. In this country, half of all violent crime is perpetrated by people who have been drinking alcohol.
    • e.g. we hope that it will not perpetrate such discrimination in the future
  • 過失者;犯罪者 culprit /ˈkʌl.prɪt/ e.g. Police hope the public will help them to find the culprits.
  • 嫌犯n suspect
  • 罪犯；犯人na criminal
  • 犯人 wrongdoer
  • 罪犯n offender
    • e.g. sex offenders
    • 初犯n first-time offenders
    • 肇事者 offending driver / driver at fault / offender
  • 囚犯 prisoner / inmate
  • 逃犯n escaped criminal / escaped prisoner
  • 逃犯;逃亡na fugitive e.g. They were fugitives from justice.
  • 逃亡中(未移送法辦) at large e.g. The escaped prisoner is still at large.
  • 逃跑 on the loose e.g. Brewer escaped from prison last year and has been on the loose ever since.
  • 重罪 felony
  • 重刑犯n felon
  • 典獄長 warden
  • 逮捕v apprehend /ˌæp.rɪˈhend/ e.g. The police have finally apprehended the killer.
  • 逮捕v arrest
  • 逮捕;突擊搜查+逮捕v bust e.g. The police busted him because they think he’s involved with a terrorist group.
  • 特赦；大赦；赦免;赦免期n amnesty /ˈæm.nə.sti/
    • e.g. Most political prisoners were freed under the terms of the amnesty.
    • e.g. People who hand in illegal weapons will not be prosecuted during the amnesty.
  • 拘留;扣押v detain 被拘留者n detainee
    • e.g. a political detainee
    • e.g. A suspect has been detained by the police for questioning.
  • 拘留n detention
  • 監禁v incarcerate /ɪnˈkɑː.sər.eɪt/
  • 監禁n confinement
  • 豁免權 immunity
  • 檢查官 prosecutor /ˈprɑː.sə.kjuː.t̬ɚ/
  • 污點證人 state witness
  • 證詞 testimony /ˈtes.tɪ.mən.i
  • 不在場證明n alibi /ˈæl.ɪ.baɪ/ e.g. I have alibi.
  • 目擊者n eyewitness / witness
  • 死罪n capital crime/offence
  • 死刑n capital publishment
  • 搶劫n heist /haɪst/
  • 搶劫n robbery
  • 縱火n arson
  • 死刑 death penalty / capital punishment
  • 處死;處決n execution
  • 無期徒刑 life sentence
  • 定罪v convict
    • e.g. He has twice been convicted of robbery/arson.
    • e.g. She was convicted of murdering her drunken and allegedly violent husband.
    • e.g. He was convicted of felony.
  • 判決;決定n verdict
    • e.g. Voters gave their verdict on the government’s economic record last night by voting overwhelmingly for the opposition.
    • e.g. The court passed a verdict of guilty on the defendant.
    • e.g. The jury reached/returned a unanimous verdict of (not) guilty.
  • 判刑v sentence
    • e.g. He was sentenced to death.
    • e.g. He was sentenced to life. (無期)
    • e.g. He was sentenced to 5 years.
  • 迫害v persecute n: persecution
    • e.g. Religious minorities were persecuted and massacred during the ten-year regime.
    • e.g. They left the country out of fear of persecution.
  • 臉部照片n mugshot e.g. A poster with mugshots of wanted men was on the wall.
  • 持槍搶劫 hold up e.g. The bank was held up by masked gunmen. / There was a holdup at the gas station.
  • 搶劫v rob
  • 搶劫v mug e.g. get mugged / He was mugged in broad daylight.
  • 洗劫(集體);偷竊v戰利品n loot
    • e.g. During the riot shops were looted and cars damaged or set on fire.
  • 公然猥褻 Public indecency
  • 調戲；猥褻；性騷擾v molest /məˈlest/
    • e.g. The girl had been molested frequently by her stepfather from the age of eight.
  • 通姦v fornicate
  • 人質 hostage
  • 挾持人質v
    • e.g. She was taken/held hostage by the gunmen.
    • e.g. The terrorists have seized 20 hostages and are threatening to kill one a day unless their demands are met.
  • 挾持(車;飛機)v hijack e.g. Two men hijacked a jet travelling to Paris and demanded $125,000.
  • 綁架v abduct n: abduction e.g. The company director was abducted from his car by terrorists.
  • 綁架v kidnap n: kidnapping e.g. The wife of a businessman was kidnapped from her home in London last night.
  • 濫用；盜用v misuse
    • e.g. the misuse of power/drugs
    • e.g. a misuse of taxpayers’ money.
    • e.g. She was accused of misusing company funds.
    • e.g. a word that is frequently misused
  • 濫用；過度使用vn overuse
    • e.g. I tend to overuse certain favourite expressions.
    • e.g. The overuse of X-rays may be causing 250 deaths each year.
  • 濫用；仗著vn abuse a: abusive
    • e.g. abuse of power
    • e.g. In a blog, Facebook said the 559 pages and 251 accounts abused the network to try to make people visit sites that make money from adverts.
    • e.g. He abuses his power in the company because his dad owns the company.
    • e.g. abusing her position/authority
    • e.g. abuse the trust I placed in him
  • 虐待；傷害vn abuse
    • e.g. Several of the children had been sexually/physically/emotionally abused.
    • e.g. She claimed to have been a victim of child abuse.
  • 虐待v mistreat e.g. Both parents have denied charges of mistreating their children.
  • 清廉n honesty a: honest e.g. honest government
  • 不誠實的a dishonest / crooked
    • e.g. crooked Hillary
  • 腐敗;貪腐n corruption a: corrupt e.g. Political corruption is widespread throughout the country.
  • 敗壞v taint
    • e.g. tainted FBI
    • e.g. His reputation was permanently tainted by the financial scandal.
  • 反貪腐n anti-corruption
  • 貪污n graft 者n: grafter e.g. The whole government was riddled with graft, bribery, and corruption.
  • 反貪污n anti-graft
  • 貪污v embezzle /ɪmˈbez.əl/ n: embezzlement 者: embezzler <–> 反貪污n anti-embezzlement
    • e.g. She embezzled thousands of dollars from the charity.
  • 賄賂vn bribe n: bibery
    • e.g. Government officials were involved in a bribery scandal.
    • e.g. They bribed the waiter to find them a better table.
    • e.g. He was accused of accepting/taking bribes from wealthy businessmen.
  • 回扣n kickback
    • e.g. The mayor denyied receiving kickbacks from the construction company.
    • e.g. The company was fined for paying kickbacks to government officials.
  • 佣金;權利金n commission e.g. She gets a 15 percent commission on every machine she sells.
  • 酬金;報酬n remuneration /rɪˌmjuː.nərˈeɪ.ʃən/ e.g. They demanded adequate remuneration for their work.
  • 肢解v dismember a: dismembered
    • e.g. nine dismembered bodies
    • e.g. The police found the dismembered body of a young man in the murderer’s freezer.
  • 大屠殺，種族滅絶(種族;宗教)n genocide /ˈdʒen.ə.saɪd/
  • 大屠殺(美國校園槍擊) carnage
  • 大規模槍擊 mass shooting
  • 合法的a legal
  • 合法的a legitimate e.g. legitimate government
  • 非法的a illegal
  • 非法的;社會不容許的;違法的a illicit /ɪˈlɪs.ɪt/ e.g. illicit drugs/trade/(love affair)/weapon
• 經濟
  • 抒困金 stimulus money
  • 繁榮;訊速發展nv boom
    • e.g. the tourism industry has seen such a massive boom over the last few years
    • e.g. The leisure industry is booming.
    • e.g. This year has seen a boom in book sales.
  • 順差n trade surplus /ˈtreɪd ˌsɜː.pləs/
  • 景氣n prosperity e.g. Jobs bring prosperity.
  • 經濟不好；景氣不好;不景氣 economy is bad
  • 衰退n downturn e.g. the continuing economic downturn
  • 不景氣;蕭條;衰退期(經濟)n recession
    • e.g. The recession has led to many small businesses going bankrupt.
    • e.g. The country is sliding into the depths of (a) recession.
    • e.g. Demand for new cars has fallen due to the recession.
  • 有利可圖的;有益的a profitable
  • 利大於弊;重於;大於v outweigh
    • e.g. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
    • e.g. The benefits of this treatment far outweigh any risks.
    • e.g. From my point of view, the advantages of launching controls over foreign currencies outweigh their disadvantages.
  • 利益 interest / gain / profit
  • 利益nv benefit e.g. I feel that I have benefited greatly from her wisdom.
  • 經濟利益 financial stake
  • 涓滴v trickle down a: trickle-down
    • e.g. We usually only get a trickle of customers in the mornings.
    • e.g. money actually trickles down to the locals
    • e.g. Economists argue that the benefits of tax cuts on the rich will eventually trickle down to working class citizens.
    • e.g. The supposed trickle-down effect of lower taxes for the rich has not yet resulted in greater prosperity for society as a whole.
  • 社經的a socioeconomic /ˌsoʊ.si.oʊˌiː.kəˈnɑː.mɪk/
    • 社會地位 e.g. socioeconomic status
  • 炒房 speculate heavily on real estate e.g. Americans often speculate heavily on real estate, with vast fortunes won and lost.
  • 把房價炒很高 bring up the real estate prices / cause a real estate boom
  • 抵押v secure a: secured
    • e.g. a secured loan
    • e.g. Her bank loan is secured against/by/on her house.
  • 抵押品；擔保品n collateral /kəˈlæt̬.ɚ.əl/
  • 富人和窮人 the haves and have-nots
  • 富人;有錢人 the rich
  • 窮人 the poor
  • 貧富不均 the gaps between the haves and have-nots
  • 收入不均 income inequality
  • 通貨膨脹n inflation
    • e.g. inflation rate
    • e.g. There has been an alarming rise in the rate of inflation.
  • 貶值 deflation e.g. There has been a deflation in/of property values.
  • 寡佔n oligopoly /ˌɑː.lɪˈɡɑː.pəl.i/
  • 同業同盟(多家公司為控制價格和限制競爭聯合組成)n an oil cartel
  • 逃漏稅的人 tax avoider(s) 避稅n tax avoidence
  • 逃稅 tax evasion
  • 納稅人 taxpayer(s)
• 戰爭；軍人;軍火;軍事;打仗
  • 偵查n reconnaissance /rɪˈkɒn.ɪ.səns/ = recce (UK) / recon (US)
    • e.g. Aerial reconnaissance of the enemy position showed they were ready to attack.
  • 停火 ceasefire
  • 演習(災難;軍事) drill
    • e.g. fire drill
    • e.g. air raid drill
    • 軍事演習 military drill
  • 美國為首的軍隊 United States-led coalition
  • 駐紮(軍隊)v station e.g. The regiment was stationed in Singapore for several years.
  • 炮兵n artillery /ɑːrˈtɪl.ɚ.i/
  • 炮擊;炮轟 shell
    • e.g. They were under orders to shell the hospital and the town hall.
    • e.g. The city suffered weeks of shelling.
  • 民兵組織；預備役部隊；國民衛隊 miltia /mɪˈlɪʃ.ə/ e.g. He joined the militia.
  • 射不出(與jam意思微不同)v misfire e.g. If you see a strong strike mark on the rim of the .22 and the bullet failed to fire, that is a misfire.
  • 卡彈v jam e.g. I bought a .22 just to have fun with but I was warned that it can jam with cheap bullets.
  • 敬禮vn salute /səˈluːt/
  • 好戰的a warlike
  • 停戰;停火n armistice /ˈɑːr.mə.stɪs/
  • 難民n refugee e.g. Thousands of refugees fled across the border.
  • 難民na fugitive e.g. Thousands of fugitives are fleeing from the war-torn area.
  • 飽受戰爭的a war-torn e.g. war-torn South Sudan / a war-torn country
  • 反擊；反攻n counterattack e.g. The Republicans have still not been able to launch a strong counterattack against the new healthcare system.
  • 反擊n counterplay
  • 反擊；回擊；抵抗v fight back e.g. He fought back and managed to wrestle the knife from his attacker’s hands.
• 移民
  • 居留證 Alien Resident Certificate
• 國際運動
  • 國旗手 flag bearer
  • 開幕典禮 open ceremony
  • 運動場;會場 stadium e.g. football stadium
• 致力v運動n crusade /kruːˈseɪd/
  • e.g. They have long been involved in a crusade for racial equality.
  • e.g. a moral crusade against drugs
  • e.g. She crusaded against sex and violence on television.
• 發起活動v camapign (+ for sth)
  • e.g. They’re busy campaigning against the building of a new motorway near here.
  • e.g. They’ve been campaigning for years to get him out of prison.
• 有大量文獻記載的a well documented / well-documented
  • e.g. The medicinal value of garlic is well documented.
  • e.g. North Korea has been isolated on the international stage for decades because of its well-documented human rights abuses .
• 朝代 dynasty
• 具歷史意義的a historic /hɪˈstɒr.ɪk/ 過去的a historical /hɪˈstɒr.ɪ.kəl/
  • e.g. Kyoto is famous for its historic sites which have been well-preserved.
  • e.g. He ate twenty bowls of beef noodles in 30 minutes, breaking the world’s historical records.
• 發言人n spokesperson
• 一夫一妻制n monogamy /məˈnɑː.ɡə.mi/
• XX的自由(e.g. 言論自由)n freedom to e.g. Everyone should have freedom to speech.
• 不成文的a unwritten e.g. We do have an unwritten rule.
• 不得與他人聯絡的;禁止通信;單獨囚禁的a,adv incommunicado /ˌɪn.kəˌmjuː.nɪˈkɑː.doʊ/
  • e.g. He was held incommunicado for the first 48 hours after he was arrested.
• 非法律程序的;庭外的a extrajudicial /ˌek.strə.dʒuːˈdɪʃ.əl/
  • e.g. likely to be subject to extrajudicial directions from a foreign government that conflict with Australia law
  • e.g. an extrajudicial process
• 起訴v indict /ɪnˈdaɪt/ 起訴書n indictment /ɪnˈdaɪt.mənt/
• 駁回v dismiss
  • e.g. a supreme court jury was dismissed
  • e.g. The defending lawyer asked that the charge against his client be dismissed.
• 請願;連署nv petition
  • e.g. A thousand people signed the petition.
  • e.g. They’re petitioning for/about better facilities for disabled people.
• 連署v countersign
• 審慎行為;必要了解 due diligence /ˌduː ˈdɪl.ə.dʒəns/
  • e.g. they do a lot of due diligence
  • e.g. People have to exercise due diligence and watch what’s being bought on their credit cards.
• 情緒高漲n groundswell / ground swell e.g. There is a groundswell of opinion against the new rules.
• 人口統計a demographic 學n demography 結果n demographics /ˌdem.əˈɡræf.ɪk/
• 人口普查 census e.g. We have a census in this country every ten years.
• 開戰 go to war e.g. If the US goes to war with North Korea, ..
• 任命權n patronage /ˈpæt.rə.nɪdʒ/ e.g. Patronage is a potent force if used politically.
• 解放(權利；自由)v emancipate e.g. emancipated women
• 裁軍n disarmament /dɪˈsɑːr.mə.mənt/ e.g. She said she supported nuclear disarmament.
• 法案 bill
• 政策 policy
• 命令 directive e.g. The boss issued a directive about not using the fax machine.
• 命令;要求n behest
  • 在某人的命令下 at sb’s behest/at the behest of sb e.g. The budget proposal was adopted at the mayor’s behest.
• 修正案 amendment
• 新措施;倡議n initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.t̬ɪv/
  • e.g. The peace initiative was welcomed by both sides.
  • e.g. The German leadership lauded the Russian initiative.
• 方法；手段 approach
• 方式；方法 manner e.g. He was elected in the normal manner.
• 方式 fashing
  • e.g. The sale of the property has to be conducted in a systematic fashion.
  • e.g. The passengers were asked to leave the plane in an orderly fashion.
• 手法；策略；戰術n tactic e.g. the optimum tactics
• 策略;妙計 manoeuvre (UK) / maneuver (US)
  • e.g. The classic slingshot manoeuvre
  • e.g. A series of impressive manoeuvres by the chairman had secured a lucrative contract for the company.
• 對策;反制手段 countermeasure
  • e.g. The Chancellor’s countermeasures against inflation have been completely ineffective.
  • e.g. There are several countermeasures that can be taken to reduce the likelihood of credit card fraud.
• 做法；工作方法 modus operandi /ˌməʊ.dəs ˌɒp.əˈræn.diː/
• 方法;方法論 methodology e.g. Scrum is a type of agile methodology.
• 正常程序 due process
• 後勤(貨運;補給,etc.) logistics
• 措施;招數 move
• 程序；措施 proceure e.g. Don’t make it over complicated, and don’t use long procedures.
• 預防的a preventive 預防(措施)n precaution
  • e.g. preventive measures
  • e.g. take precautions
• 預防；遏制n containment
  • e.g. Containment of crowd violence was the police’s main concern.
• 採取v take
  • 採取態度 take the attitude
  • 採取措施 take measures e.g. The school has taken measures to prevent bullying.
  • 動作;採取行動;採取步驟;進行措施v take action / take steps
    • e.g. The people in town took action to prepare for the storm.
    • e.g. The mayor has taken steps to solve the city’s traffic problem.
• 採取行動v anticipate
  • e.g. It’s always best to anticipate a problem before it arises.
  • e.g. The army anticipated (= took action in preparation for) the explosion by evacuating the town.
• 先發制人的；先下手為強的;搶在..之前a pre-emptive(= premptive / preemptive) /ˌpriːˈemp.tɪv/ n: preemption v: preempt
  • e.g. All the networks pre-empted their regular schedules to broadcast news of the hijacking.
  • e.g. The minister held a press conference in order to pre-empt criticism in the newspapers.
  • e.g. pre-emptive measure/attack
  • e.g. State laws preempted local governments from restricting newspaper displays.
• 推行；實施；施行(規則;法律)v impose
  • e.g. US imposes new tariffs on $200bn of Chinese goods.
  • e.g. to impose the ban
  • e.g. We can expect them to impose tough rules.
  • e.g. Very high taxes have recently been imposed on cigarettes.
  • e.g. China had imposed a two-term limit on its president since the 1990s.
• 實施；實行；執行(法律)v enact
  • e.g. to enact measures/reforms
  • e.g. the government has enacted a new law
  • e.g. A package of economic sanctions is to be enacted against the country.
• 實行v roll out
  • e.g. money management programs to be rolled out in high schools
  • e.g. The government plans to roll out a series of tax cuts over the next few years.
• 強制執行;執法v enforce
  • e.g. It isn’t always easy for the police to enforce speed limits.
  • e.g. The new teacher had failed to enforce any sort of discipline.
  • 嚴格執法 e.g. strictly enforce the law
• 議題;權益 issue / subject / topic / discussion
  • 廉價勞工 cheap labor
  • 勞工權益 Labor rights and interests
  • 中立(網路/性別)n neutrality a: neutral e.g. net/gender neutrality
  • 中間立場/觀點n middle ground e.g. To smack or not to smack? It’s an issue that goes to the heart of parenting and there doesn’t seem to be middle ground.
  • 中立的a neutral n: neutrality
    • e.g. a neutral country
    • e.g. If there’s an argument between my daughter and her mother, it’s important that I remain neutral.
  • 在討論中 be under discussion e.g. The matter is still under discussion
  • 二分法 dichotomy /daɪˈkɒt.ə.mi/ a: dichotomous /daɪˈkɒt.ə.məs/
    • e.g. There is often a dichotomy between what politicians say and what they do.
    • e.g. The test was used to compare dichotomous variables.
• 跟風 jump/climb/get on the bandwagon
  • e.g. The success of the product led many firms to try to jump on the bandwagon.
  • e.g. Every company is gonna try to jump on the bandwagon.
• 調解;調停；斡旋v mediate
  • e.g. Negotiators were called in to mediate between the two sides.
  • e.g. The two envoys have succeeded in mediating an end to the war.
• 軟禁n house arrest e.g. The opposition leader has just been put/placed under house arrest.
• 被關v imprison n: imprisonment
  • e.g. He was imprisoned in 1965 for attempted murder.
• 遣返v repatriate /ˌriːˈpeɪ.tri.eɪt/ e.g. The government repatriated him because he had no visa.
• 遣返v deport e.g. Thousands of illegal immigrants are caught and deported every year.
• 推翻v topple e.g. want to topple the regime / topple the militant leadership
• 推翻v bring down e.g. bring down the government
• 推翻v overthrow e.g. overthrow the government
• 推翻v subvert n: subversion e.g. subvert the government / guilty of subversion
• 政變n coup e.g. he was overthrown in an army coup
• 起義n intifada /ˌɪn.tɪˈfɑːdə/ e.g. In 1987 the intifada began in Gaza and spread to the West Bank.
• 起義n uprising e.g. Following a determined resistance in the east, there was eventually a popular uprising in the capital.
• 起義v rise (up) e.g. The people rose (up) against the oppressor/tyrant/dictator.
• 脫離n secession /sɪsˈeʃ.ən/ e.g. Norway’s secession from Sweden in 1905
• 脫離；獨立；退出v secede /sɪˈsiːd/ e.g. secede from the south / secede from Russia
• 動盪(經濟,政治)n turbulence /ˈtɝː.bjə.ləns/
• 動盪；劇變(局勢)n upheaval
  • e.g. Yesterday’s coup brought further upheaval to a country already struggling with famine.
  • e.g. in a state of upheaval
• 爆亂;干擾n disturbance /dɪˈstɝː.bəns/
  • e.g. Phone calls are the biggest disturbance at work.
  • e.g. There was a minor disturbance during the demonstration, but nobody was injured.
• 動亂；動盪;爆亂n unrest
  • e.g. It is feared that the civil unrest we are now witnessing in this country could lead to full-scale civil war.
• 叛亂；反叛n rebellion v: rebel 判亂份子n rebel(s) 判逆的a rebellious
  • e.g. The people rebelled against the harsh new government.
• 宣布(法令)nv decree
  • e.g. The decree stopped short of a full declaration of independence.
  • e.g. More than 200 people were freed by military decree.
  • e.g. They decreed an end to discrimination on grounds of age.
• 傳統 tradition
• 傳統的a traditional
• 非傳統的a nontraditional
• 傳統的a conventional e.g. conventional behaviour/attitudes/clothes
• 正統的a orthodox
• 非傳統的;非正統的；非正規的a unorthodox /ʌnˈɔːr.θə.dɑːks/ e.g. Steiner was recognized as an original if unorthodox thinker.
• 習俗 custom
• 精英體制/社會n meritocracy
• 平等(薪水;職位)n parity e.g. Firefighters are demanding pay parity with police.
• 平等a equal adv: equally n: equality
• 不平等a unequal adv: unequally n: inequality e.g. sexual inequality / gender inequality
• 平等主義的;主張人人平等的a egalitarian /ɪˌɡæl.ɪˈter.i.ən/ e.g. egalitarian ethos
• 平等 on an even playing field (= no hierarchy)
  • e.g. They were on an even playing field.
• 同樣地;同大小地a evenly e.g. Divide the mixture evenly between the baking pans.
• 智囊團；智庫 think tank
• 條約 accord e.g. a peach accord / the Paris climate accord
• 大人物 bigwig e.g. I feel terrible, I am late for a meeting with a bigwig client.
• 大亨 tycoon
• 商業巨頭 magnate e.g. a well-known shipping magnate / oil magnate
• 富二代 the second generation of the rich
• 政治世家 political family / political dynasty
• 公投n referendum
• 全世界的a,adv e.g. a worldwide recession / only a few degrees could cause environmental problems worldwide
• 就職演說 inaugural address
• 改組v reshuffle e.g. They expect a Cabinet reshuffle in the summer.
• 派系n faction
• 相對多數決制 simple plurality system
• 執政黨 the ruling party / the party in power
• 執政v be in power / hold power / be in office
• 在野黨 opposition party e.g. major opposition parties
• 收賄賂 take/accept bribes
• 選民 voter
• 議員 councillor /ˈkaʊn.səl.ər/
• 全體選民 electorate e.g. The present voting system distorts the wishes of the electorate.
• 選舉的a electoral e.g. the electoral system
• 初選 primary election
• 健全的制度 sound system
• 國父 founding father
• 支持度 approvals e.g. The president’s approvals are down to 19%.
• 聲望;支持度 popularity e.g. The leader’s decline in popularity is causing disquiet among supports.
• 合成一體v meld
  • e.g. Several problems had melded together.
• 統一;合成一體v unify /ˈjuː.nə.faɪ/ n: unification
  • 統一格式 e.g. unify the name of the file
• 重新統一v reunify /riːˈjuː.nə.faɪ/ n: reunification
• 特權n privilege 享有特權的a privileged
  • e.g. Healthcare should be a right, not a privilege.
  • e.g. As an ambassador, she enjoys a very privileged status.
• 特權;獨有的權力n prerogative /prɪˈrɑː.ɡə.t̬ɪv/
  • e.g. Skiing used to be the prerogative of the rich, but now a far wider range of people do it.
  • e.g. Alex makes all the big decisions - that’s his prerogative as company director.
• 獨裁的；專制的a authoritarian /əˌθɔːr.əˈter.i.ən/ 獨裁主義n authoritarianism e.g. an authoritarian regime
• 獨裁的a autocratic /ˌɔː.təˈkræt.ɪk/ e.g. autocratic regime/ruler
• 獨裁的；專制的a dictatorial /ˌdɪk.təˈtɔːr.i.əl/ 獨裁者n dictator e.g. a dictatorial ruler/government
• 專制的a tyrannical /tɪˈræn.ɪ.kəl/ 暴政n tyranny /ˈtɪr.ən.i/ e.g. a tyrannical leader/regime/political system
• 獨裁(統治/國家/政體)n autocracy = autarchy /ɑːˈtɑː.krə.si/
• 篡位者 usurper /juːˈsɜː.pər/
• 極權主義的a totalitarian /toʊˌtæl.əˈter.i.ən/ n: totalitarianism e.g. totalitarian regime
• 帝國的a imperial /ɪmˈpɪr.i.əl/ n: imperialism e.g. the Imperial palace
• 政府；政權 regime
• 主權 sovereignty /ˈsɑːv.rən.i/ e.g. have sovereignty over the island
• 分離的na breakaway e.g. a breakaway province
• 政體 form of government
• 人民 people
• 國家 nation
• 國民 national(s) e.g. All foreign nationals were advised to leave the country following the outbreak of civil war.
• 國籍;國家 nationality e.g. He has dual British and American nationality.
• 國營 state-run e.g. state-run media
• 種族的a ethnic /ˈeθ.nɪk/ n: ethnicity
• 種族間的a inter-ethnic
• 種族隔離制度n apartheid /əˈpɑːr.taɪt/
• 家鄉 homeland
• 戒嚴 martial law
  • e.g. to declare martial law
  • e.g. Martial law came to an end in Taiwan on July 15, 1987.
• 解嚴 to lift martial law e.g. the government also announced that July 15 will be marked every year from now on to commemorate the lifting of martial law
• 改革vn reform
• 國庫的；財政的a fiscal
• 財政部 the Treasury
• 國宴 state banquet
• 私有化v privatize
  • e.g. I bought shares in British Gas when it was privatized.
  • e.g. privatized businesses
• 全國的；國內的a national e.g. Britain has more than ten national newspapers.
• 全國的a nationwide e.g. a nationwide network/chain of stores
• 國內的a domestic e.g. domestic airlines
• 集會 rally e.g. an anti-nuclear rally / an election rally
• 強制性的兵役 mandatory/compulsory military service
• 閃兵的人 draft-dodger
• 徵兵制n conscription e.g. The low birth rate is affecting the nation’s conscription rate.
• 募兵制n no enforced conscription
• 服役v fulfill e.g. He is fulfilling his mandatory military service.
• 立法委員 legislators
• 風波/風暴/醜聞 scandal e.g. food/tea/financial scandal
• 行政部門 executive department / administration team
• 機關；部門n institution
• 部門n division e.g. the sales division
• 局;處;科;辦事處;辦公室;機構n bureau
  • e.g. the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
  • e.g. the bureau of tourism in Taiwan
  • e.g. Her disappearance was reported to the police department’s Missing Persons Bureau.
• 行踨；下落；去向(人;物)n whereabouts
  • e.g. his whereabouts
  • e.g. Trupin is thought to be in the Caribbean, although his exact whereabouts are/is a mystery.
• 下落不明a unaccounted for
  • e.g. About 20 are believed to have been on board,and several are unaccounted for.
  • e.g. An audit of the police department found that $100,000 in cash and one handgun were unaccounted for.
• 追捕n manhunt e.g. The police have launched a manhunt after the body of a six-year-old boy was found last night.
• 官僚(尤指政府中效率低下的)n officialdom /əˈfɪʃ.əl.dəm/
• 官僚體制/作風 bureaucracy /bjʊˈrɑː.krə.si/ a: bureaucratic /ˌbjʊr.əˈkræt̬.ɪk/
  • e.g. The company was inefficient because it was highly bureaucratic.
• 徵收額；稅款n levy /ˈlev.i/ e.g. They imposed a five percent levy on alcohol.
• 徵收v expropriate /ɪkˈsprəʊ.pri.eɪt/ n: expropriation
  • 徵地 e.g. land expropriation without compensation
  • expropriate company funds
• 自治n autonomy /ɑːˈtɑː.nə.mi/
• 重男輕女;父權的a patriarchal /ˌpeɪ.triˈɑː.kəl/
• 仲裁n arbitration v: arbitrate e.g. I’ve been asked to arbitrate between the opposing sides.
• 司法權；管轄權n jurisdiction

人生;婚姻

• • 人生大事:成年儀式 a rite of passage
• 分居的a estranged
  • e.g. his estranged wife
  • e.g. someone estranged from their parents.

節日;活動

• 節日
  • 新年 New Year’s day
  • 除夕 Lunar New Year’s Eve
  • 春節 Lunar New Year
  • 元宵節 Lantern Festival
  • 端午節 Dragon Boat Festival
  • 中元節 Ghosts’ Festival
  • 中秋節 Moon Festival / Mid-Autumn Festival
• 展覽 exhibition (通用) / show (場地較熱鬧)
  • e.g. art exhibition
  • 車展 e.g. Auto show
• 慈善 charity a: charitable
• 慈善n philanthropy a: philanthropic
• 熱鬧的(地方)a busy e.g. swamped
• 熱鬧的(地方)p.p. swamped e.g. That place is swamped.
• 熱鬧的(活動)a bustling [ˈbʌs.lɪŋ] / busy / lively
• 熱鬧的；喧鬧的(較無秩序的)a riotous /ˈraɪ.ə.t̬əs/ e.g. We went to a riotous party and danced all night.
• 湊熱鬧
  • be around people 接近人群
  • tag along 別人去哪你也去(沒被邀請) e.g. I don’t know her, she just tagged along with us.
  • join / jump in
• 典禮(結婚,畢業, etc.) ceremonial e.g. a wedding/graduation ceremony
• 畢業演說 commencement speech
• 記者會 press conference
• 座談會 panel
• 座談嘉賓 panelist
• 反覆唱或唸一段v chant e.g. Demonstrators chanted anti-government slogans in the square.
• 重申v reiterate /riˈɪt̬.ɚ.eɪt/ e.g. She reiterated that she had never seen him before.
• 重申v reaffirm e.g. The government yesterday reaffirmed its commitment to the current peace process.
• 口號；標語 slogan e.g. a campaign slogan
• 口號n mantra e.g. The British fans chanted that familiar football mantra: “Here we go, here we go, here we go…”
• 吉祥物 mascot /ˈmæs.kɑːt/
• 幸運物;幸運符 lucky charm
• 春聯 paper couplets
• 舞龍舞獅 dragon and lion dance
• 週年慶 anniversary sale e.g. It’s an anniversary sale. / Our department store is having an anniversary sale.
• 在打折 be on sale e.g. These books are on sale. 這些書在特價。
• 特價 special offer e.g. The potato chips were on special offer, so I bought them.
• 開賣 go on sale e.g. The tickets go on sale this Friday.
• 待售；供出售 for sale e.g. I am sorry. The computer is not for sale.
• 不賣的;非賣品 not for sale e.g. This exquisite antique is not for sale.
• 上市 hit the market
  • e.g. Since the iPhone X has hit the market, …
  • e.g. By the 1920s as many as 40,000 different candy bars had hit the market.
• 出價nv bid 出價高於v outbid
• 出價最高的人 bidder
• 出清特賣 clearance
• 換季出清 end of season sale / end of season clearance sale
• 買一送一 buy one get one free
• 第二件半價 Buy one, get one 50% off
• 第三件六折 Buy two, get another one 40% off
• 滿1000打8折 Get 20% discount off any orders over $1000
• 嫁妝 dowry
• 黃牛 scalper /ˋskælpɚ/ e.g. Scalpers are demanding 10 times the face value of the cheapest tickets
• 賣黃牛票 scalp
• 號碼牌 number card
• 恐慌性購買n panic buying v: panic (into) buying
  • def: 因為害怕未來會漲價、缺貨等而現在搶購
  • e.g. Which led to the panic buying of toilet paper..
  • e.g. Taiwanese are panic buying toilet paper.
  • e.g. Despite empty shelves caused by panic buying in the past couple of weeks, the supermarkets say there is no shortage of food.
  • e.g. Shoppers are panicked into buying things they don’t need.
• 搶購;衝去買 rush off to purchase sth
• 搶購(搶票,iphone,)v snap up
  • def: 沒有特別限定的情境，可能是因為便宜、趨勢而已
  • e.g. I stayed up all night, snapping up train tickets online.
  • e.g. The famous luxury villa resort’s online bargains was quickly snapped up in minutes.
• 鐵粉 diehard fans / die-hard fans / stan
  • e.g. Kpop stans
• 死忠支持者 hardcore fan
• 死忠支持者n bigot /ˈbɪɡ.ət/ 死忠的a bigoted /ˈbɪɡ.ə.tɪd/
  • e.g. a religious bigot
  • e.g. She’s so bigoted that she refuses to accept anyone who doesn’t think like her.
• 告別演唱會 farewell concert

體育；比賽;競賽；競爭；運動;興趣

• 觀眾席 bleachers
• 犯規 foul e.g. an intentional foul
• 躲避球 dodge ball
• 打退堂鼓;臨陣脫逃;烙跑;食言;退怯v back out (of sth)
  • e.g. Bob was supposed to sing in the show with me, but he backed out.
  • e.g. You agreed to come. You can’t back out now!
• 最後關頭退怯；臨陣退縮 get/have cold feet e.g. She got cold feet just before the wedding.
• 退出(工作；節目;比賽 etc.) bow out e.g. I’m going to bow out of it at this point.
• 淘汱出局 knock out e.g. The chess player was knocked out of the chess competition in the third round of playing.
• 淘汱 eliminate e.g. He was eliminated in the third round of the competition.
• 淘汱 weed out e.g. The first round of interviews only really serves to weed out the very weakest of applicants.
• 較勁n rivalry
• 競爭感 the sense of rivalry
• 競爭v vie / vying / vied e.g. Six candidates are currently vying for the Democratic presidential nomination.
• 競爭的a competitive 競爭力n competitiveness /kəmˈpet.ɪ.tɪv.nəs/
  • 增加競爭力 make more competitive / increase sb’s/sth’s competitiveness
    • e.g. make Taiwan more competitive in the computer industry
  • e.g. It is not true there is a crisis in the country’s scientific or technological competitiveness.
  • e.g. Acting is very competitive - you’ve got to really push yourself if you want to succeed.
• 弱的競爭者 ankle-biter competitor = weak competitor
• 對手 opponent
• 競爭對手n比得上v rival
  • e.g. our biggest rival
  • e.g. No computer can rival a human brain for/in complexity.
• 對手(體育比賽) the opposition e.g. The opposition has/have some good players so it should be a tough match.
• 領先者；第一人選 front-runner
  • e.g. You’re the front-runner.
  • e.g. She is one of the front-runners in the contest.
• 參賽者；競爭者 contestant
• 競爭者；爭奪者n contender e.g. Now aged 42, he is no longer considered a serious contender for the title.
• 第三輪比賽 in the third round of the competition
• 延長賽；加時賽n tie-breaker / tiebreaker
• 延長賽；加時賽n playoff
• 加分 add point/score / gain point (比賽中)
• 加分 increase point/score
• 扣分 deduct point/score / lose point (比賽中)
• 扣分 substract point/score
• 熱身；暖身n warm-up v: warm up
• 輸不起 a sore loser
  • e.g. Bill is such a sore loser. He got really upset when he lost at poker yesterday.
  • e.g. Don’t be a sore loser. We all win and lose from time to time.
  • e.g. My father is a sore loser, so we usually try to let him win when we play mahjong.
• 單挑 Let’s fight one-on-one!
• 決鬥nv duel e.g. to fight a duel / he was opposed to dueling.
• 板凳球員n reserve / backup player / bench player e.g. “Coming off the bench, Lin notched 20 point tonight.”
• 先發球員n starting player / starter / starting five (籃球) starting nine (棒球)
• 先發陣容n roster / lineup
• 陣型 formation e.g. a 4-4-2 formation
• 決賽 final round
• 攤牌;決勝n showdown
  • e.g. The president is preparing for a showdown with Republicans over his plans to reform the economy.
  • e.g. Millions of dollars were spent on lawyers in a courtroom showdown between the two companies.
• 鐵人三項n triathlon /traɪˈæθ.lɒn/
• 計算;算分n tally v: tally up
  • e.g. If the game’s over I’ll tally up.
  • He yesterday added another gold medal to Taiwan’s tally at the Olympics.
• 比較少動的a sedentary /ˈsed.ən.ter.i/
  • e.g. a sedentary job/occupation
  • e.g. My doctor says I should start playing sport because my lifestyle is too sedentary.
  • e.g. Participants logged a daily average of 616 minutes of sedentary time.
• 運動精神 sportsmanship /ˈspɔːrts.mən.ʃɪp/
• 跑道；泳道 lap e.g. His car crashed in the fifth lap
  • 跑一圈 take/run a lap e.g. Every morning I take a lap around my neighborhood.
  • 游一圈 to swim a lap
  • 繞一圈 walk a lap
    • e.g. I walked a lap of the old castle with him, castle gate around to castle gate.
    • e.g. It takes20 minutes to walk a lap of the lake.
  • 領先一圈v lap
    • e.g. He finished last after being lapped twice by the leading runners.
    • e.g. lap the competition
• 終點線 the finish line
• 熱身v loosen up
  • e.g. I do a few stretches to loosen up before I run.
• 明星球員/選手 star player
• 主場比賽 home game
• 客場比賽 away game
• 跳傘運動n skydiving v: skydive e.g. Many tourists go skydiving in New Zealand.
• 跳傘(因失事)v bail out(US) / bale out (UK)
  • e.g. The plane’s engine failed and the pilot was forced to bail out.
• 潛水 go snorkeling /ˈsnɔːr.kəl.ɪŋ/
• 潛水 scuba diving /ˈskuː.bə ˌdaɪ.vɪŋ/ 人n: scuba diver
• 評審n jury /ˈdʒʊr.i/
• 報名參加v enroll e.g. enroll piano competition
• 報名參加v sign up / register
  • e.g. You can register for IELTS test through online registration
• 比賽；競賽 matchup
• 比賽 contest / competition
• 比賽n tryout e.g. Tryouts for the team will be held next week.
• 比賽開始 the race in on
• 遊樂場(有設施給小朋友玩的) playground
• 運動場(各種運動的)n sports ground / sports field
• 操場;田徑場n running track
• 慢跑v jog e.g. I go jogging every morning.
• 快跑v run
• 短跑;衝刺nv sprint e.g. Howard: I disagree, love is not a sprint, it’s a marathon
• 健走 hiking / bushwalking
• 接力賽(跑步;游泳)n relay
• 扣人心弦的比賽/懸念的比賽/刺激的比賽/非常接近的比賽 nail-biter e.g. what a nail-biter
• 扣人心弦的；引人入勝的a gripping e.g. It was so gripping.
• 扣人心弦的a compelling e.g. a compelling story
• 耳目一新的;提神的;煥然一新的a refreshing
• 不被看好的一方；弱方(比賽中)n underdog
• 揍打；徹底的失敗n shellacking e.g. this is an absolute shellacking
• 不相上下;並駕其驅 neck and neck / nip and tuck
  • e.g. the horses ran neck and neck
  • e.g. As they approached the finish line, they were neck and neck.
  • e.g. This is a nip-and-tuck election. or The election is a dead heat.
• 不相上下 too close to call e.g. A: Who do you think is going to win the game? B: Hmm, I don’t know. It’s too close to call!
• 不相上下 come close
  • e.g. nothing at least in my experience has come close to this
  • e.g. Siri comes close, but I know more jokes. (Sheldon said)
• 平手v draw
  • e.g. Coventry drew 1–1 with United in the semifinal.
  • e.g. The result was a draw.
• 平手v tie
  • e.g. It’s a tie for first place.
  • e.g. Andy and Ben are tied for number two. Cindy is number one.
  • e.g. Jane and I tied (for first place) in the spelling test.
• 勝利 triumph /ˈtraɪ.əmf/ a: triumphant
• 比分拉平v even e.g. Our team evened the score in the last minute.
• 比分 15:12 = the score is 15 to 12
• 領先3分 e.g. Team A is leading/ahead by three.
• 落後3分 e.g. Team B is trailing/down by three.
• 差距只有3分 e.g. It’s a three point game now.
• 贏(三分/七票) win by (three points / seven votes)
• 平衡的a balanced e.g. a balanced answer
• 不平衡的a off balance / off-balance e.g. put me off-balance
• 實力懸殊的a one-sided e.g. a one-sided contest/game/answer
• 壓倒性勝利 win by a landslide / a landslide win / a landslide victory / lose by a landslide
  • e.g. go on to win a landslide victory
  • e.g. If I win by a landslide, I’ll donate 20% of my wealth to the poor,” the candidate said.
• 大/限勝 win by a wide/narrow margin
• 大/限敗 lose by a wide/narrow margin
• 贏得;獲得 win e.g. win support / win a chance / win his trust / win an election
• 贏回 win back / earn back
• 贏v beat
  • e.g. England beat Sweden to reach the World Cup semi-final.
  • e.g. beat her in the game .
  • e.g. He is invincible. He is really hard to beat.
• 輸v lose e.g. Red Socks lost to Yankees.
• 輕鬆贏 walk off with e.g. She walked off with the top prize.
• 佔優勢；佔上風v prevail
  • e.g. f they prevail in the court case, they could receive up to $10,000 each.
• 佔上風 get the better of / get the best of e.g. Neil got the better of Sam and won the tennis match.
• 佔上風 sb is winning / have the upper hand
  • e.g. He is the chip leader and has the upper hand in the poker tournament.
  • e.g. After hours of fierce negotiations, the president gained/got/had the upper hand.
  • e.g. Now look at the guy who has the upper hand.
• 佔下風 at a disadvantage
• 佔下風 in the underdog position
• 下大賭注；押大筆錢 play for high stakes
• 打賭;打包票nv wager
  • e.g. She put a cash wager of £50 on the race.
  • e.g. He is so confident of victory he has wagered on himself.
  • e.g. I’d wager (that) she’s interested in you.
  • e.g. He regrets doing that, I’ll wager.
• 下注 bet e.g. bet $50 on the horse / I bet you $50
• 賭;下注(to bet)v bank on
  • e.g. I’m banking on Sarah to get a promotion, so that I can apply for her position.
  • e.g. Since it’s a public holiday on Monday, we’re banking on an early finish tonight.
  • e.g. I wouldn’t bank on it.
• 兩邊下注(避免損失) hedge your bets e.g. They’re hedging their bets and keeping up contacts with both companies.
• 逆轉勝 win a losing game
• 逆轉；轉折n twist a: twisted
  • e.g. The story took a surprise twist today with media reports that the doctor had resigned.
  • e.g. Is there another twist coming?
• 繞來繞去;複雜化(=twist)(ida,圖案,故事)n convolution a: convoluted /ˈkɒn.və.luː.tɪd/ v: convolute
  • e.g. convoluted logic
  • e.g. an intricate pattern of endless convolutions
  • e.g. The movie’s plot twists and convolutions demand a lot of concentration from the audience.
• 盤繞；纏繞v twist 彎曲的；蜿蜒的a: twisty
  • e.g. The path twists and turns for over a mile.
  • e.g. twist its magnetic field
• 盤繞v捲;圈;盤n coil /kɔɪl/
  • e.g. The snake coiled itself tightly around the deer.
  • e.g. A coil of rope lay on the beach.
• 打結v tie a knot
• 解結v untangle
• 糾結的一團nv tangle
  • e.g. a tangle of wires
  • e.g. phones at cords and they get all tangled when you walk
• 扭曲；非直的(線；管子)n kink e.g. There was a kink in the pipe.
• 直立的a,adv立柱n upright
  • e.g. an upright freezer/vacuum cleaner
  • e.g. to sit/stand upright
  • e.g. two uprights
• 練習賽 practice round
• 回合 inning
• 8局上 top of the 8th inning
• 8局下 bottom of the 8th inning
• 中場休息(比賽;音樂;電影)n intermission
• 加入代表隊v make the team
  • def: to have been qualified enough to be selected to play on a sports team.
  • e.g. I tried out, but I didn’t make the team.
  • e.g. I’d made the US Ski Team.
• 裁判
  • 籃球；摔角;美式足球；曲棍球 referee /ˌref.əˈriː/
  • 棒球；網球；排球 umpire
  • 比賽評分裁判團 judge
  • 運動的裁判 umpire
• 球員兼裁判n player-referee / player-umpire v: act as both a player and referee
  • e.g. essentially acting as both a player and referee to deliberately disadvantage other app developers
• 保持領先v keep … ahead of e.g. to keep the US ahead of their global competitors
• 領先nv lead v: lead the field
  • be in the lead
  • e.g. the brand leads the field in vegetarian ready meals
  • 領先2秒內 lead by less than two seconds
  • (足球)領先5分 the team is leading by five goals
  • (棒球比賽)領先5分 the team is leading by five for now.
• 名次
  • 排名；名次n ranking e.g. Last year Wiseman rose from 266 to 35 in the tennis world rankings.
  • 冠軍 the champion / the winner / win the championship
  • 亞軍 the first runner-up
  • 季軍 the second runner-up
  • 殿軍 the third runner-up
  • 第一名 first prize/place e.g. win first prize / win first place 不要加冠詞
  • 第二名 second prize/place
  • 排第三次 I’m ranked third in Women’s Moguls.
  • 考第一名 come out first
  • 命列前茅 come out at the top of the list <–> 墊底 come out at the bottom of the class
    • e.g. I failed to come out first on the exam but came out last
  • 排名最差的 worst-ranked e.g. it literally transformed Thor from the worst-ranked Marvel movie to the highest
• 興趣
  • 釣杆 fishing rod
• 運動種類
  • 舉重 lift weights n: weightlifting
  • 田徑 track and field e.g. track and field team
  • 長跑選手 long-distance runner
  • 有氧運動 aerobics /eəˈrəʊ.bɪks/ 有氧的a aerobic /eəˌrəʊ.bɪk/ <–> 無氧的a anaerobic /ˌæn.əˈroʊ.bɪk/ e.g. aerobic exercise
  • 有氧;心肺 cardio e.g. cardio exercises/training/workouts
  • 划艇n rowing boat
  • 游泳
    • 你會游什麼式? What swimming style do you know？
    • 閉氣v hold your breath
    • 自由式 free style
    • 蛙式 breast stroke
    • 仰式 back stroke
    • 碟式 butterfly stroke
    • 狗爬式 doggy paddle
    • 涉水nv paddle
      • e.g. We rolled up our trousers and paddled along the seashore.
      • e.g. Shall we go for a paddle?
    • 打水v kick
  • 羽毛球 badminton
  • 籃球
    • 場邊 sideline e.g. everyone on the sideline is shouting “…”
    • 球場 court
    • 前鋒 forwards
    • 後衛 guards
    • 中鋒 center
    • 後場 backcourt
    • 前場 frontcourt
    • 得分後衛 shooting guard
    • 組織後衛 point guard
    • 大前鋒 power forward
    • 小前鋒 small forward
    • 攻方 offense
    • 守方 defence
    • 運球 dribbling
    • 傳球 pass
    • 灌籃 dunk
    • 擦板球 bank shot
    • 跳投 jump shot
    • 帶球上籃 layup
    • 中距離投籃 perimeter shot
    • 立定投籃 set shot
    • 三分球 three-point shot
    • 助攻 assist
    • 阻攻 block shot
    • 投球命中率 field goal percentage
    • 投球命中 field goal
    • 罰球命中率 free throw percentage
    • 罰球 free throw
    • 籃板球 rebound
    • 得分n scoring v: score e.g. She scored 18 out of 20 in the spelling test.
    • 抄截 steal
    • 三分球命中率 three-point shot percentage
    • 失誤 turnover

藝術;文學;寫作;書;報紙

• 無品味的(照片,art etc.)a kitschy /ˈkɪtʃ.i/
  • e.g. kitschy style
• 外來語;借用字 loanword
• 社論;專欄 editorial /ˌed.ɪˈtɔː.ri.əl/
• 封面 cover e.g. front cover / rear cover
• 寫書v author e.g. He has authored more than 30 books.
• 平裝書 paperback
• 精裝書 hardback
• 效應
  • 蝴蝶效應 butterfly effect
  • 骨牌效應 domino effect /ˈdɒm.ɪ.nəʊ/
• 易讀的;清𥇦的(筆跡;字體)a legible /ˈledʒ.ə.bəl/
• 易懂的a readable
• 出版社 publishing house
• 印製中 in press
• 成功出版;改版;修改 go through (updates, upgrades, revisions, charges, thesis, report, essay, …)
  • e.g. It has gone through 23 revisions since first being published in 1780.
• 資訊量多的;內容豐富的a informative e.g. News shows are informative.
• 知識淵博的；博學的a encyclopedic (US) / encyclopaedic (UK) [ɪnˌsaɪ.kləˈpiː.dɪk]
• 博學的;有學問的;博大精深的a erudite /ˈer.ʊ.daɪt/ e.g. He’s the author of an erudite book on Scottish history.
• 巨著n tome /təʊm/ e.g. erudite tomes
• 在知識範圍外 out of your league
  • e.g. She has been working very hard on the project, but I think she’s a little out of her league.
• 在sb的知識範圍外 beyond your ken e.g. mostly they are quite literally beyond our ken
• 語意a semantic /səˈmæn.t̬ɪk/ n: semantics
• 註釋；注解v annotate n: annotation
  • e.g. I used to watch my dad as he placed our family photos in albums like this, neatly annotating them as he went along.
• 散文 prose /proʊz/
• 簡介；推薦語n blurb /blɝːb/
• 誇張法n hyperbole /haɪˈpɝː.bəl.i/ e.g. The blurb on the back of the book was full of the usual hyperbole - “enthralling”, “fascinating”, and so on.
• 文章;演說(主題)n discourse e.g. a discourse on/upon the nature of life after death
• 附錄 addendum /əˈden.dəm/ e.g. As an addendum, …
• 大綱n概括v outline
  • 擬大綱 draw an outline
    • e.g. outline an overview
  • e.g. At the interview she outlined what I would be doing.
  • e.g. The labor union has outlined the complaints that brought about the strike.
• 摘要 summary
• 大意;要點n the gist
  • e.g. That’s pretty much the gist of it.
  • e.g. That was the gist of what he said.
  • 略懂 get the gist e.g. get the gist of what they were talking about
• 要點 key points / highlights e.g. outline a framework of key points
• 開場 opening / introduction
• 主題句 topic sentence
• 支持句 supporting sentence

電影;節目;演戲;媒體;音樂;歌手;創作;作家

• 演技 acting skills
• 真人秀 reality show
• 選秀節目 competitive show
  • e.g. MasterChef is a competitive cooking show television format
• 作品(音樂) composition
• 樂譜;五線譜 sheet music
• 演奏 gig(s)
• 演奏會 live concerts
• 道具 prop
• 彩蛋 easter egg(s)
• 片尾製作名單 closing credits
• 片尾花絮(伏筆) post-credits scene / coda / credit cookie
• 道具 prop
• 轉場;過場;無縫連接nv segue /ˈseɡ.weɪ/
  • e.g. His performance of “Caroline” segued into a cover version of “My Tears”.
  • e.g. He stumbled over words and made awkward segues.
  • e.g. Chapter 9 provides a nice segue into Chapter 10.
• 唱準音 in tune
  • e.g. Paul just can’t sing in tune.
• 走音adv off-key e.g. He was singing off-key, and it was painful to hear.
• 彈/唱走音 out of tune
  • e.g. I often sing out of the tune
  • e.g. The piano is out of tune.
  • e.g. This piano is out of tune.
• 跑調 off key e.g. I am singing off key.
• 不能分辨音高的a tone-deaf e.g. I think I’m a bit tone deaf.
• 旋律n melody / tune
• 重播vn rerun / re-run
  • e.g. The James Bond movies are always being rerun on television.
  • e.g. This week’s movies are all reruns.
  • e.g. I was just watching a re-run of friends. How about you? What are you doing?
• 票房紀錄 The movie has broken the “box-office record”.
• 最高/低紀錄v hit a new hight/low
• 創下紀錄 set a record
• 打破紀錄 break the record
• 破紀錄v hit a record e.g. Apple shares hit a fresh record high in after-hours trading as the tech giant’s iPhone X hit the shelves.
• 走紅;叫好;賣座;轟動(作品,產品, etc)n hit
  • e.g. hit novel/file/single(單曲)
  • e.g. Her first hit was Father of the Bride.
  • e.g. The song was a hit.
  • e.g. The movie wasn’t a hit in theaters.
  • e.g. The young soprano’s debut is a great hit.
• 造成轟動;很成功
  • take something by storm
    • e.g. Cell phones took the market by storm.
    • e.g. Her performance has taken the critics by storm.
  • make a hit
    • e.g. The latest movie by John Walker made a hit in theaters and raked in big money.
    • e.g. The musician wants to make a hit song but cannot find his muse.
  • cause a sensation e.g. When the book is published, it will cause a great sensation.
• 上架v hit stores
  • e.g. The hitmaker’s seventh album is scheduled to hit store shelves later this year.
  • e.g. The new book has hit stores.
• 上架v hit store shelves / hit the shelves
  • e.g. Closer to $1000 when it hits shelves.
  • e.g. The hitmaker’s seventh album is scheduled to hit store shelves later this year.
  • e.g. Apple shares hit a fresh record high in after-hours trading as the tech giant’s iPhone X hit the shelves.
• 下架v go off the shelf
  • e.g. This product will go off the shelf.
• 上映v hit cinemas e.g. The film is due to hit cinemas next week.
• 上映v come out / be released
  • e.g. The Titanic is coming out this Friday.
  • e.g. when it comes out
  • e.g. when it is released
• 剪貼簿n scrapbook
• 第一人稱敍述 first-person narrative
• 第一人稱射擊 first-person shooter
• 片商 file distributor
• 續集 sequel e.g. the Pirates of the Caribbean sequels
• 台詞 lines
• 讀唇v lip-read
• 對嘴;假唱v lip-synch / lip sync ing: lip-syncing
  • e.g. you should lip sync it,
• 放映時間 showtimes e.g. Showtimes for Ready Player One
• 出道(也就是加入演藝界)v go into a career in the performing arts
• 出道(也就是加入演藝界)v go into a performing arts career e.g. When she grew up she had an opportunity to go into a performing arts career specializing in romantic films.
• 出道v began her acting career by playing guest roles
• 出道v make one’s debut /ˈdeɪ.bju/ e.g. Joey made his debut in 2008.
• 劇團；戲班子；表演團；舞蹈團n troupe /truːp/ e.g. They were the most influential comedy troupe of their generation.
• 軟骨/柔體表演者n contortionist /kənˈtɔːr.ʃən.ɪst/
• 雜耍的人n juggler v: juggle e.g. Rubik’s Cube Juggling
• 剪掉的鏡頭(NG鏡頭) outtake /ˈaʊt.teɪk/ e.g. They showed a video of funny outtakes from various movies.
• T形台；展示台(模特兒走的)n catwalk
• 播放;撥放(電視;收音機)v air
  • e.g. The show airs for about 30 minutes, twice a week.
  • e.g. Which channel airs “Lost” every night?
• 播放(節目)v show
  • e.g. Which channel shows “Lost” every night?
• 電視播放v televise /ˈtel.ə.vaɪz/
  • e.g. The match will be televised live (= shown as it is being played) on BBC Scotland.
  • e.g. It wasn’t televised or posted on Reddit.
• 黃金時段(廣播;電視) prime time / primetime / prime-time e.g. The interview will be broadcast during prime time. / prime-time TV
• 試播節目 pilot
• 貝斯 bassist
• 主唱 vocalist / lead vocalist
• 打擊樂器 percussion
• 鼓手 percussionist /pɚˈkʌʃ.ən.ɪst/
• 鼓 drum e.g. Jazz drum
• 吉他手 guitarist
• 音區 register e.g. music written mainly for the lower/higher register of the clarinet
• 音域 vocal range
• 原聲的(樂器)a acoustic /əˈkuː.stɪk/ e.g. an acoustic guitar
• 電影聲帶；（尤指）電影配樂；電影原聲帶 soundtrack
• 電影原聲帶 original soundtrack
• 專輯 album
• 縮時攝影的a time-lapse e.g. a time-lapse camera/sequence
• 主唱 lead singer e.g. lead singer of green day
• 全部曲目/節目n repertoire /ˈrep.ɚ.twɑːr/
  • e.g. musical repertoire
  • e.g. There is an extensive repertoire of music written for the flute.
• 演講台；領獎台n podium /ˈpoʊ.di.əm/
• 收視率 viewership
  • e.g. a drop/dip/decrease in viewership
  • e.g. Fox News is currently leading cable news channels for viewership
• 播出v air
• 多家播出;一稿多投的a syndicated e.g. They focused on areas where the TV network Mediaset Company was most widely syndicated.
• 受媒體密切關注;受媒體檢視 under the media microscope
• 獨家新聞;搶先報的新聞 scoop e.g. The paper managed to secure a major scoop and broke the scandal to the world.
• 獨家新聞n exclusive(s) e.g. The newspaper published an exclusive about the escape.
• 有新聞價值的a newsworthy e.g. a newsworthy subject
• 上報紙；上新聞 hit the newspapers
• 通俗小報(的)an tabloid /ˈtæb.lɔɪd/ e.g. a tabloid newspaper
• 登上頭條 make/hit the headlines
  • e.g. Have any natural disasters or extreme weather events made headlines in your country recently?
  • e.g. There is a recent story that made headlines involving a Saudi tourist who wanted to go to the airport and was taken on an hours-long tour of the city.
• 炒作vn hype /haɪp/ 過度炒作v overhype / over-hype a: over-hyped
  • e.g. media hype
  • e.g. There’s been a lot of hype around/surrounding his latest film.
  • e.g. It’s being hyped as the musical event of the year.
• 受到..廣泛的關注 the/a glare of sth
  • e.g. He and four other senators were writhing in the glare of unfavourable publicity.
  • e.g. The actor’s wedding took place in the full glare of publicity/the media.
• 使..關注v preoccupy e.g. Economic concerns are preoccupying the voters in this election.
• 採訪;報導v cover e.g. cover the accident / cover the murder case
• 最新消息(新聞) breaking news
• 舞台劇 stage play
• 有劇本的節目 scripted drama/entertainment
• 被戲弄的配角 straight man e.g. play the straight man
• 主題曲 the theme song
• 片尾曲 postlude
• 插曲 episode / interlude
• 片頭曲 cephalic flexure
• 主題曲 intro
• 主題n theme a: themed e.g. themed restaurant/party
• 看電影 go to the movies / got to the cinema / go see a movie / watch a movie
  • p.s. movies = 電影院
  • e.g. Let’s go to the movies
• 看電影 see a movie / watch a movie (see 是到電影院看, watch 是在家看)
• 誰演的？卡司有誰？ Who’s in it?
• 影評 read its movie reviews / movie critiques [krɪˈtiːk] / film criticism
• 視覺暫留 persistence of vision
• 快速閃動 flickering
• 訂票 book a ticket / reserve a ticket
• 預告片 trailer /ˈtreɪ.lər/
• 預告片(較正式) preview
• 片段 video clip
• 片段 footage
• 首映會n premiere
• 首映nv debut /ˈdeɪ.bju/
• 演員陣容;卡司;全體演員 cast e.g. the cast of Friends
• 遊行隊伍 procession
• 隊伍；陣容n lineup / line-up e.g. Several important changes are expected in the line-up for Thursday’s game.
• 同類型的角色;定型 typecast e.g. She soon found herself typecast as a dizzy blonde.
• 扮演；演出v sb be cast e.g. He was often cast as the villain.
• 主演v star e.g. David Oyelowo starred in the movie “Selma”.
• 演的(假的) act fake / play pretend e.g. You’re acting fake. / she was just playing pretend
• 男主角 main actor / leading actor / leading man
• 女主角 main actress / leading actress / leading lady
• 主角 leading role / leading actor / leading actress / star / lead / starring role
• 主角 leading character / major character
• 主角 protagonist
• 配角 supporting role
• 替身 body double / stunt double e.g. He had a body double.
• 小配角；客串角色n cameo(s) /ˈkæm.i.oʊ/
• 共同主演 co-starring
• 編據n screenwriting 者n screenwriter
• 反派n villain /ˈvɪl.ən/
• 這電影哪一級的？ What’s it rated? G-rated 普級 PG-13 輔導級 R-rated 限制級
• 拍攝電影 shoot a film
• 跟拍；追拍(攝影機)v pan
  • e.g. In the first scene, the camera pans slowly across the room.
  • e.g. I panned up with it.
• 特效 special effects
• 特技 stunts
• 配音v dub n: dubbing
  • e.g. I’d rather watch a movie with subtitles than one dubbed into English.
  • e.g. To conceal his identity, the man’s voice has been dubbed over.
• 配音員 voice actor
• 字幕 subtitles
• 道具 props
  • 跳圈圈n hoop
    • e.g. The dogs had been trained to jump through hoops.
• 幕後花絮n blooper(s) / b-roll
• 獨白(a long speech)n monologue /ˈmɒn.əl.ɒɡ/
• 旁白;解說n narration /nəˈreɪ.ʃən/ 者n narrator /nəˈreɪ.tər/ 敘述的a narrative /ˈnær.ə.tɪv/ v: narrate /nəˈreɪt/ /ˈnær.eɪt/
  • e.g. a narrative poem
  • e.g. Documentaries are often narrated by well-known actors.
• 對話；對白n dialogue
• 工作人員表（電影結束後出現的） credits roll
• 電影製作幕後團隊 crew
• 宣傳 propaganda
• 得過奧斯卡獎的人 Oscar winner
• 被提名但未得獎的人 Oscar nominee
• 頒獎人;主持人 presenter
• 得獎感言 acceptance speech
• 感語 shout-out
  • e.g. I want to give a shout-out to my dad, who helped me a lot.
  • e.g. I wanna make a quick shout-out.
• 得獎的是 As the Oscar Award goest to …
• 獲獎的a award-winning e.g. an award-winning TV series
• 贏了最佳導演獎 Ang Lee won the Oscar for best director in 2013.
• 獎盃n trophy e.g. we made sure that we complained when the kids didn’t get a participation trophy
• 大獎 accolade /ˈæk.ə.leɪd/
  • e.g. That’s a tremendous accolade, congratulations!
• 紅地毯 red carpet
• 排演;採排v rehearse /rəˈhɝːs/ n: rehearsal [rəˈhɝː.səl] / dry run
  • e.g. The wedding rehearsal was a dry run for the ceremony the next day.
  • e.g. The day before the trial, the lawyers tried a dry run of the closing arguments.
• 轉播nv telecast
• 綜藝節目 variety show
• 主持人(政論,正式討論 etc) moderator
• 主持人(radio,tv programme) broadcaster
• 主持(會議;儀式)v preside
  • e.g. She presided over a small tea party attended by her dearest friends.
  • e.g. Who would be the best person to preside at/over the public enquiry?
  • e.g. Judge Langdale is to preside over the official enquiry into the case.
• 節目主持人(新聞；體育；外景;BBC 6mins 主持人) presenter
• 主持人(youtube) host
• 評審(e.g. masterchef)n judge
• A咖演員/名人 A-list actor/celebrity
• 觀眾(節目;表演) audience e.g. More movie audience create higher box office.
• 觀眾(運動比賽) spectator
• 觀眾(運動比賽) viewer e.g. Popular sporting events always attract many viewers.
• 歡樂 joy
• 親筆簽名(名人)n autograph
• 簽名會 autograph session
• 電視短劇n miniseries /ˈmɪn.iˌsɪr.iːz/ e.g. binge a miniseries
• 追劇v binge-watch / binge
  • e.g. He wasn’t too busy to binge-watch Hot in Cleveland with my Huhu password. (Howard said)
  • e.g. I binge-watched the entire second season of House of Cards last weekend.
• 無節制行為n binge
  • e.g. when those TV binges go on
  • e.g. a drinking/eating/spending binge
  • e.g. He went on a five day drinking binge.
• 節制v abstain /æbˈsteɪn/
  • e.g. He took a vow to abstain from alcohol/smoking/sex.
• 使適中;緩和v moderate n: moderation
  • v. e.g. I can’t moderate. I’m addicted to cheeze.
  • n. e.g. eat in moderation
  • n. e.g. You can eat whatever you want as long as it’s in moderation.
• 緩和;降低v temper
  • e.g. we might temper our expectations
  • e.g. I learned to temper my criticism.
  • e.g. My enthusiasm for the venture was tempered by my knowledge of the hard work that would be involved.
• 結尾 finale /fɪˈnɑː.li/ e.g. better finale / in the finale
• 正在上映電影 movie playing e.g. Find new movies now playing in theaters.
• 電影相關資訊,八卦 movie trivia e.g. We should come up with some movie trivia questions to ask our guests.
• 電影製作 digital 3-D films
• 早場電影 matinee movie
• 售票亭 the box office e.g. The box office opens at ten.
• 賣座；票房 box-office (revenue)
  • e.g. Her last movie was a surprise box-office hit.
  • e.g. China’s box office revenue
• 賣座電影/書;非常成功的a blockbuster /ˈblɒkˌbʌs.tər/
• 賣座電影/書n best sellers / best-sellers a: best-selling
  • e.g. hit the bestseller lists
  • e.g. Released in February 2000, it is the best-selling computer game ever.
• 賣座的電影n a box office hit/success
• 三部曲 trilogy
• 前傳 prequel
• 續集 sequel
• 劇情；情節n plot lines / plotlines / story / story line / storyline
• 曲折離奇的劇情/情節n convolution e.g. The movie’s plot twists and convolutions demand a lot of concentration from the audience.
• 劇本n screenplay / play(s)
• 電影式的a movie-style e.g. a movie-style plot
• 類型;形容
  • 劇情緊湊的a intensive plot
  • 節奏n tempo
    • e.g. a slong with a slow tempo
    • e.g. a change in tempo
  • 輕快的a quick rhythm
  • 輕快的a lively
  • 步調快的;節奏快的a fast-paced <–> 節奏慢的a snail-paced
    • e.g. a snail-paced choreography of delicate high diplomacy
    • e.g. It is a myth that all older people struggle with the fast-paced evolution of information technology.
  • 節奏快的;發展快的a fast-moving
    • e.g. Companies such as these need to adapt constantly in fast-moving markets.
    • e.g. After working for some years in the hectic fast-moving world of City finance, she’s now seeking a quieter way of life.
  • 品質n品質好的a quality 高品質的a high-quality <–> low-quality
    • e.g. This is a quality product.
  • 品質低的a poor quality e.g. a poor quality novel
  • 無資訊(價值)的a uninformed e.g. the literature is “uninformed
  • 有深度的a deep
  • 有深度的a sophisticated e.g. a more sophisticated approach
  • 有深度的a profound e.g. profound film
  • 沒深度的;很表面的;愛慕虛容的a superficial
    • e.g. I thought that article was written at a very superficial level.
    • e.g. The documentary’s treatment/analysis of the issues was very superficial.
  • 愛慕虛容的a materialistic /məˌtɪə.ri.əˈlɪs.tɪk/
  • 脫口秀 stand-up comedy
  • 脫口秀主持人 stand up comedian /kəˈmiː.di.ən/
  • 幽默短劇n skit e.g. I thought the skit on politicians was really funny.
  • 情境喜劇 sitcom /ˈsɪt.kɒm/
  • 打鬧劇；粗俗滑稽劇n slapstick /ˈslæp.stɪk/
  • 鬧劇(風格)n farce
    • e.g. The play suddenly changes from farce to tragedy.
    • e.g. No one had prepared anything so the meeting was a bit of a farce.
  • 精采的a(電影) marvellous 感到驚嘆(好的或不好都可以)v marvel
    • e.g. We paused to marvel at the view.
    • e.g. I often marvel that humans can treat each other so badly.
  • 默劇 slient films
  • 3D 電影 digital 3-D films
  • 自傳(自已寫) autobiography /ˌɑː.t̬ə.baɪˈɑː.ɡrə.fi/
  • 傳記(別人寫) biography e.g. He wrote a biography of Winston Churchill.
  • 改編;重製v remake e.g. all-female remake of Ip Man
  • 餘興節目 side show
  • 編舞;編排n choreography(choreographies) v: choregraph
    • e.g. he is now choreographing a ballet
    • e.g. a flamboyant style of choreography
    • e.g. I like fight scenes that are choreographed.
• 電影類型
  • 喜劇片 comedy
  • 浪慢喜劇 romantic comedy
  • 愛情電影(主要吸引女生的) chick flick (chick=girl, flick=movie) e.g. Many people view romantic comedy movies as chick-flicks.
  • 黑色喜劇 black comedy
  • 驚悚片;懸疑 thriller [ˈθrɪl.ər] / suspense / suspenseful movies
  • 悲劇 tragedy
  • 動作片 action movie
  • 科幻電影 sci-fi movie (science fiction)
  • 劇情片 drama
  • 恐怖片 horror movie
  • 動畫片 animation 動畫的a animated e.g. South Park is an American adult animated sitcom
  • 催淚的電影 tear-jerker e.g. Bring a pile of tissues with you when you see that film - it’s a real tearjerker!
  • 紀錄片 commentary / non-fiction
  • 傳記型 biographical drama
  • 真人改編 true story e.g. based on a true story
  • 色情電影 porn
• 18+
  • 前戲 foreplay e.g. It that’s not foreplay, I don’t know what is.
  • 無套性交a,adv bareback e.g. it’s like going bareback on a one-night stand
  • 早洩 premature ejaculation
  • 召妓 get a hooker/prostitute
  • 拉皮條男女;妓院老闆n pimp
  • 流出照n leak
  • 私密照n intimate picture
  • 走光 baring accident n: nip slip e.g. breast-baring accident
  • 馬賽克(影片) pixelate
  • 無碼a censored
  • 有碼a uncensored
  • 劇情片 story line
  • 素人 homemade / couple / reality / amateur
  • 角色扮演 casting / role-play
  • 主角的視角 POV (Point of View)
  • 高潮(女性) orgasm
  • 高潮(男生) cumshot / ejeculation / cum
  • 打手槍 jerk off
• 懷舊老片 vintage
• 合輯 complication

建築;房子；房屋；傢俱；家裡；資產;財產

• 衛浴
  • 除草v mow e.g. You can’t mow the grass/lawn if it’s wet.
  • 除草v weed e.g. I’ve been weeding (the vegetable garden).
  • 蓮蓬頭n shower head / showerhead
  • 浴球 shower sponge
  • 浴缸 bathtub
  • 排水孔 drain
  • 洗臉盆(瓷) porcelain sink
  • 浴室 bathroom
  • 廁所n (US)restroom/bathroom ;(UK) loo ;(Canada) washroom ;(EU) WC=water closet; (AU) toilet
  • 廁所 loo(s) e.g. I’ll just go to the loo. / I’m gonna use the loo.
  • 蹲式廁所n squatting toilet
  • 馬桶堵塞 The toilet is clogged.
  • 管路;管路系統 plumbing
  • 通樂 chemical drain cleaner
  • 通馬桶工具 plunger
  • 免治馬桶 electric toilet seat / washlet e.g.
  • 馬桶 toilet
  • 馬桶蓋 toilet lid
  • 沖馬桶 flush e.g. Don’t forget to flush the toilet.
  • 沫浴乳/洗髮精按押器具(固定在牆上) soap dispenser
  • 洗髮乳 shampoo
  • 沐浴乳 body wash / shower gel / shower cream
  • 洗手乳 hand wash / hand soap
  • 潤髮乳 conditioner
  • 洗面乳 face wash / facial cleanser
  • 刮鬍膏 shaving cream
  • 乳液 body lotion / cream / moisturizer
• 房子
  • 室內裝潢 interior decoration
  • 閣樓 attic
  • 屋簷n eaves
  • 陽台 balcony
  • 露台 terrace /ˈter.əs/
  • 窗台 window sill
  • 窗台(窗戶下的平台) ledge
  • 窗格; window pane
  • 門階 doorstep
  • 通道;走廊 passage / passageway
  • 走廊 hallway
  • 走廊;通道 corridor /ˈkɒr.ɪ.dɔːr/
  • 門廊n veranda /vəˈræn.də/ / porch
  • 前廊;一樓房屋外的放鬆用的門廊 deck
  • 門廊；前廳;門廳n foyer /ˈfɔɪ.ɚ/ e.g. I’ll see you downstairs in the foyer in half an hour.
  • 樑(橫的) beam
  • 柱(直的) column
  • 磁磚n tile /taɪl/ 鋪磁磚的(表面)a tiled /taɪld/ e.g. The kitchen has a tiled floor.
  • 租約 lease e.g. What is the duration of the lease?
  • 出租中；供出租的 for lease e.g. There are apartments with a “For Lease” sign on them.
  • 第三方保管n escrow e.g. The money was placed in escrow.
  • 押金;存放；存留n deposit
    • e.g. The seed vault has 135,000 genetic deposits.
  • 房東 landlord
  • 房客 tenant
  • 房租 rent e.g. two months rent
  • 宵禁 curfew /ˈkɝː.fjuː/ e.g. to lift a curfew: 解除宵禁
    • e.g. to impose/lift a curfew
    • e.g. You’ll be in trouble if you get home after curfew.
  • 宵禁(口語) You shall be home by 10pm.
  • 門禁管制 door/entry access control system
  • 門禁卡 badge / access control card
  • 租金 rent e.g. How much is the rent? / What’s the rent?
  • 水電費 utilities (public services including water, gas, and electricity)
    • e.g. not including utilities and cable TV
    • e.g. Does the rent include the utilities?
  • 瓦斯費 gas charges
  • 煮東西的爐 burner
  • 取暖的爐 stove
  • 有傢俱的a furnished e.g. a furnished apartment
  • 可養寵物嗎? Are pets allowed?
  • 請問公寓內有洗衣設備嗎? Are there laundry facilities on site?
  • 洗衣房 laundry room
  • 自助洗衣店 laundromat
  • 木質地板條 floorboard
  • 住宅n housing
  • 臥室帶浴室的a en-suite adv: en suite/ ensuite /ˌɑːnˈswiːt/
    • e.g. There is an en suite.
    • e.g. All four bedrooms in their new house are en suite.
    • e.g. I want a hotel room with an en-suite bathroom.
    • e.g. All rooms have en-suite facilities.
  • 民宿 guesthouse
  • 套房(旅館) suite [swiːt]
  • 套房(租房)n studio / studio apartment (living room + bathroom + small kitchen)
    • e.g. I have a studio now.
  • 雅房(租房) room e.g. room to share / room for rent
  • 單/雙人房 single/double room
  • 整排透天(房子相連) townhouse
  • 獨立透天 detached house (UK) / house (US 普遍認知)
  • 單人房公寓 one-bedroom apartment
  • 公寓大樓 flat / apartment
  • 公寓大樓(有管理員的) condominium /ˌkɑːn.dəˈmɪn.i.əm/ = condo /ˈkɑːn.doʊ/
  • 門禁社區n gated community e.g. The neighbourhood is a gated community with a security guard to protect residents from intruders.
  • 管理員 custodian /kʌsˈtoʊ.di.ən/ (US)
  • 管理員 janitor /ˈdʒæn.ɪ.tər/ (US/Scottish)
  • 管理員 caretake
  • 建築群；綜合大樓 apartment complex
  • 高樓建築(可用來指住宅大樓) high-rise building
  • 高樓大廈 skyscraper
  • 豪宅 mansion
  • 地契 deed
  • 簡陋小屋；棚屋n shack
  • 平房 bungalow /ˈbʌŋ.ɡəl.oʊ/
  • 壁爐 fireplace
  • 壁爐台 mantelpiece [ˈmæn.t̬əl.piːs] / mantel
  • 出入口；門口 doorway
  • 屋簷 eave(s)
  • 遮雨篷(門窗前)n awning /ˈɔː.nɪŋ/
  • 鋼筋n reinforcing bar / reinforcing steel / reinforcement steel
• 房間;傢俱
  • 躺椅 recliner
  • 懶人椅 lounger
  • 育嬰房 nursery
  • 嬰兒床 crib
  • 床架 bed frame
  • 床墊 mattress
  • 床單;床包 fitted sheet (人是睡在 fitted sheet 跟 flat sheet 之間)
  • 床單 flat sheet (人是睡在 fitted sheet 跟 flat sheet 之間)
  • 棉被;被毯 blanket (較 quilt 薄)
  • 薄棉被(US) quilt (用小碎布縫起來的被子，通常有夾一層薄棉)
  • 薄棉被(夏天)(US) sheets / thin blanket
  • 厚棉被(冬天)(US) comforter /ˈkʌm.fə.tər/
  • 被芯(UK) duvet
  • 被套 duvet cover (把 duvet 塞裡面)
  • 床罩(最上層) bedspread
  • 枕頭 pillow
  • 枕頭套 pillowcase
  • 上下舖 bunk beds
  • 上舖 top bunk
  • 下舖 bottom bunk
  • 鋪床 make the bed
  • 書桌床 loft bed
  • 床頭燈 bedside lamp
  • 床頭板 headboard
  • 床頭櫃 nightstand
  • 衣櫥 wardrobe
  • 衣櫥;衣櫃;壁櫥;壁櫃;儲藏櫃 closet
  • 櫥櫃 kitchen cabinet
  • 文件櫃;檔案櫃 filing cabinet / file cabinet
  • 文件夾 folder
  • 抽屜 drawer e.g. set of drawers / dresser drawers (較過時)
  • 書櫃 bookcase
  • 書架 bookshelf
  • 架子 shelf(shelves)
  • 架子;置物架 rack e.g. a shoe rack / a vegetable rack
• 人工草皮n AstroTurf
• 柱子；支柱；墩n pillar
• 儲藏室 storeroom
• 碗櫃 cupboard
• 食物儲藏室 pantry
• 艙隔間；暗門;暗格n compartment e.g. the sleeping/inner compartment in a tent
• 扶手;欄杆n railing / banister e.g. Tourists pressed their faces against the palace railings.
• 扶手;欄杆n balustrade /ˈbæl.ə.streɪd/
• 柵欄 fence
• 馬路旁的護欄 guard rail
• 窗戶柵欄;金屬網罩(e.g. 車頭)n grille /ɡrɪl/
• 橫杆n crossbar /ˈkrɑːs.bɑːr/
• 螢光的；發亮的a fluorescent e.g. fluorescent green
• 發光;發送訊號(electrical,radio signl)v beam
  • e.g. The sun beamed (= shone brightly) down on the boat as it drifted along.
  • e.g. The concert was beamed (= broadcast) by satellite all over the world.
• 發光v shine (shined or shone)
  • e.g. The sun shone all afternoon.
  • e.g. Is that light shining in your eyes?
• 發光v glow
  • e.g. A nightlight glowed dimly in the corner of the children’s bedroom.
  • e.g. This substance is so radioactive that it glows in the dark.
• 發光v light-lit-lit
  • e.g. The stage had been lit with candles.
    • e.g. Fireworks lit up the sky (= made the sky bright).
• 日光燈 fluorescent lamp (螢光的 /flɔːˈres.ənt/)
• 月曆海報 poster calendar
• 傳單n leaflet /ˈliː.flət/ e.g. Demonstrators handed out leaflets to passers-by.
• 小傳單(廣告)n flyer = flier(s)
• 箱子;盒子 chest
• 收納盒 storage boxs
• 收納籃 baskets
• 疏通(堵塞)v clear e.g. My mother tried to clear the clogged toilet with a plunger.
• 破裂 break
• 滴水 drip
• 裂痕;裂縫;裂口(地形)嫌隙;不和(關係)n rift
  • e.g. The stream had cut a deep rift in the rock.
  • e.g. The marriage caused a rift between the brothers and they didn’t speak to each other for ten years.
• 裂縫n切開v slit /slɪt/
  • e.g. She killed herself by slitting her wrists.
  • e.g. Make a small slit in each chicken breast and push in a piece of garlic.
• 裂痕;裂縫 crack / crevice [ˈkrev.ɪs]
• 痕跡;疤痕;特徵n mark
  • e.g. There were dirty marks on her trousers where she had wiped her hands.
  • e.g. She had a red mark on her arm where she’d burned herself.
  • e.g. any distinguishing marks
• 痕跡;壓痕n imprint e.g. The button had left an imprint on my arm.
• 括痕n scratch
• 凹痕n dent
• 凹洞n indent
• 遺跡；痕跡n vestige /ˈves.tɪdʒ/ e.g. These old buildings are the last vestiges of a colonial past.
• 遺跡;遺體n remains
  • e.g. Human remains were found in the woods.
  • e.g. The remains of the Roman fort are well preserved.
• 保險絲n fuse
• 保險絲燒掉 a blown fuse
• 燈泡燒掉 be burn e.g. The lightbulb burned and suddenly the whole room was in complete darkness.
• 跳電 a tripped circuit breaker
• 漏水n leak e.g. There’s a leak in the roof.
• 滲出；滲漏v seep e.g. Pesticides are seeping out of farmland and into the water supply.
• 停電v the power went out / the power is off
• 停電n power outage / power cut / power failure / blackout
  • e.g. We have power cuts here ten times a day.
• 有電了 take power is back on / the power has returned
• 停水v the water got cut off / we’re out of water (沒水了) / the water supply is turned off
• 停水n water outage / water cut / water failure
• 有水了 the water is restored
• 折舊 depreciation /dɪˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/

科技3C；電器；網路;

• 3C硬體
  • 平板懶人夾 ipad holder
  • 保護貼 screen protector
  • 耳機 headphones / earphones
  • 耳機(有mic) headset
  • 智障型手機 tard/dumb phone
  • 信號;傳送n transmission
  • 隨插即用 plug and play / plug-and-play
  • 單眼 SLR Camera (Single Lens Reflex Camera)
  • 數位單眼 DSLR Camera (Digital Single Lens Reflex Camera)
  • 感應器 sensor
  • 感應v detect
  • 耗電v drain the battery n: battery drain
    • e.g. How to drain the battery on your phone.
    • e.g. Check which apps are draining your battery.
    • e.g. Fix battery drain problems on Android.
  • 節電v reduce battery drain e.g. 4 ways to reduce battery drain on Android.
  • 省電v save battery
  • 對焦 focus the lens e.g. It’s not difficult to manually focus the lens.
  • 失焦 out of focus e.g. It’s too bad. The photo is out of focus.
  • 動作自然的照片n candid shot
  • 廣角照片 wide shot
  • 惡搞照相v photobomb e.g. We were photobombed by a guy dressed in a gorilla suit.
  • 自拍照n selfie /ˈsel.fi/ v: take a picture of yourself
    • e.g. e.g. He posted a series of close-up selfies on his Instagram yesterday.
  • 照相 take a picture of sth
  • 錄影v videotape n: video recording
  • 錄音v tape-record n: tap recording 錄音機n tap recorder
  • 音響 speaker(s)
  • 光圈n aperture
  • 調整光圈 adjust the aperture e.g. Is it possible to adjust the aperture on the camera?
  • 快門 shutter
  • 設定快門速度 set the shutter speed
  • 邊框 bezel e.g. with the bezels kept to a minimum
  • 手機螢幕 a flat panel of glass
  • 手機殻 phone case
  • 彎曲的金屬背蓋 a curved metal rear
  • 開箱v unbox e.g. Online help videos show how to unbox the printer and install it.
  • 鏡頭 len
  • 螢幕碎裂 to smash one’s screen
    • e.g. I can’t believe I smashed my iPhone screen! I just bought it yesterday!
  • 過熱v overheat
    • p.s. 因為「過熱」是一個持續性的狀態，所以一般都會在 overheat 之後加上 ing 來表示喔。
    • e.g. My cellphone is overheating and I’m worried that it’s gonna explode at any minute.
  • 不能充電 won’t charge
    • e.g. I tried like 10 different kinds of chargers but my phone still won’t charge. I don’t know what to do with it.
  • 插座 plug/socket/outlet [ˈaʊt.let]
    • e.g. an outlet
    • e.g. I sent my iPhone for repair a week ago. When can I get it back?
  • 送修 send for repair
  • 維修v fix e.g. It’s fixed.
  • 維修v repair e.g. We repaired the machine and it worked well ever after.
  • 投影機 projector
  • 旗艦機；機皇 flagship phone
  • 故障nv malfunction e.g. to report a malfunction of the aircraft’s navigation system
  • 惡意病毒 malicious virus
  • 平板電視 flat-screen e.g. 80-inch flat-screen
  • 電視n telly / television
  • 電腦畫面停住了;當機 freeze
    • e.g. The computer screen freezes.
    • e.g. * e.g. I’m afraid the computer froze up.
  • 鍵盤鎖住/固障 freeze up
    • e.g. My keyboard just suddenly froze up.
  • 開機 boot up / start up / turn on
  • 自動化 automation
• 軟體
  • 模版;樣版n boilerplate /ˈbɔɪ.lə.pleɪt/ e.g. boilerplate code
  • 內建的a built-in
  • 入神的用電腦 wired in
    • def: It simply means that the person is working on a computer and listening to audio (music or perhaps a podcast) from it using headphones/earphones, so if you try to get their attention you are unlikely to get it unless you touch them
    • e.g. He’s wired in.
  • 快轉v fast forward e.g. Do you want me to fast-forward to exciting part?
  • 倒帶;倒轉(formal)v rewind
    • e.g. Please rewind the tap at the end of the film.
    • e.g. It is now possible to pause and rewind live television.
  • 倒轉(informal)v go back / turn back e.g. Would you mind if I turn back to exciting part?
  • 安裝需求 prerequisites
  • 時間軸(FB) activity feed
  • 運作(有經營;維護的意思)v operate e.g. Does the company operate a pension scheme?
  • 亂碼 garbled text
  • 當機 crash e.g. My computer crashed in the middle of the video conference and my boss was not happy about it.
  • 閃退 crash/quit unexpectedly e.g. This schedule app keeps crashing. I cannot use it.
  • 附加的垃圾軟體；用不到的預裝軟體 bloatware /ˈbloʊt.wer/ e.g. Remove the pre-installed bloatware and get the apps you want.
  • 卡死；鎖死n deadlock e.g. Our team evened the score in the last minute.
  • 矩陣 matrix
  • 互操作性；可互相溝通的(軟體)a interoperable
    • e.g. The program was not interoperable with other software.
    • e.g. The company says the software will also be interoperable with Java application server standards.
  • 控制台 control panel
  • 防毒的a antivirus / anti-virus [ˌæn.t̬iˈvaɪ.rəs]
    • 軟體 antivirus software
  • 中毒 to get a virus e.g. My laptop got a virus. Thank God I backed up all my important files last week.
  • 木馬 Trojans
  • 殭屍網路 Botnets
  • 流氓軟體 Scareware
  • 惡意軟體 malware e.g. cryptocurrency mining malware
  • 自動關機 to turn off automatically e.g. My laptop always turns off automatically. Is there any way to fix it?
  • 跑得很慢/很卡 to run slowly / laggy (a.)
    • e.g. I wanted to reply my girlfriend’s message but the system is running so slowly that it took like half a day for my response to reach her.
    • e.g. Why is my computer being so laggy? I was just trying to watch VoiceTube.
  • 當機 freeze e.g. Oh wow, my laptop is frozen, and I haven’t saved any of my files yet. This is just great.
  • 藍白當機 blue screen of death (BSOD)
    • e.g. I can’t get rid of this BSOD and I have to turn in my report today. Looks like I won’t be leaving the office until midnight.
  • App 閃退 crash
    • e.g. Why does my Instagram keep on crashing when I‘m trying to watch Ariana Grande’s live video?
• 電器 electric appliance
  • 飲水機 water dispenser
  • 榨汁機；果汁機n juicer
• 科技迷 techie / techy e.g. This stuff looks techie.
• 網路
  • 同溫層 filter bubble / echo chamber
  • 測風向n trial ballon
    • e.g. Politicians float trial balloons to see how the public reacts to their ideas.
    • e.g. Often a lower-ranking official has floated a trial balloon to see what the reaction would be to that kind of statement.
  • 媒體帶風向 media framing
    • e.g. A common media framing is the blaming of sexual assault issues on the victims’ attire.
  • 帶風向 influence public opinion in favor of
  • 帶風向 spin control
    • e.g. We need to exercise some spin control on this situation before we find ourselves in serious trouble.
    • e.g. Various spokespersons attempted a desperate exercise in spin control to deny that Reagan ever made such a promise.
  • 惡意洗版 spamming
  • 熱門洗版 flooding e.g. Pokemon Go is flooding my message board!
  • 分身帳號;小號 smurf
  • 網路釣魚n phishing
  • 網路釣魚(美色)v catfish
    • e.g. If a random, attractive person starts talking to you online, you are very likely being catfished.
    • e.g. If someone seems to be falling for you after just a little contact with you, they’re probably trying to catfish you.
  • 釣魚標題n clickbait
  • 1對1 skype e.g. one-on-one skype
  • 隱藏身份的a,adv incognito
    • e.g. How to use incognito mode on chrome.
    • e.g. The prince often travelled abroad incognito.
  • 暱名的a anonymous /əˈnɒn.ɪ.məs/ n: anonymity /ˌæn.əˈnɪm.ə.t̬i/
  • 暱名的a pseudonymous n: pseudonym
    • e.g. She writes under a pseudonym.
    • e.g. a pseudonymous person
  • 暱名的；未透露姓名的a unnamed
  • 網友 netizen
  • 網路潛水者 lurker
  • 網紅 internet celebrity
  • 網軍 cyber warrior
  • 正義魔人 social justice warrior
  • 正義魔人；自命清高的人n prig
  • 酸民 troll / haters
  • 酸葡萄n sour grape(s) e.g. I don’t think it’s such a great job - and that’s not just sour grapes because I didn’t get it.
  • 梗圖；圖梗 meme
  • 大頭貼 avatar /ˈæv.ə.tɑːr/
  • 瀏覽；訪問(網站)v navigate e.g. Their website is fairly plain, but very easy to navigate.
  • 瀏覽 browse through
  • 瀏覽/滑FB go through Facebook
  • 網路吃到飽 unlimited 4G data plan
  • 資費 telecom charges
  • 網路流量 network traffic
  • (電腦、電腦遊戲、網路)反應慢的a laggy e.g. Online play is really laggy on this.
  • 網路不好；網路慢
    • The interenet sucks (informal)
    • Reception’s bad (formal)
    • Poor reception/signal
    • network congestion
  • 連線不穩 Your internet connection was unstable.
  • 接收訊號(收音機；mic) Sorry. My radio can’t pick up that station.
  • 電信業者 telecom/telecommunication carrier
  • 手機電信業者 cell phone provider/carrier
  • 手機訊號 phone signal
  • 沒有手機訊號 There is no cell phone coverage in that area.
  • 訊息不穩(手機)/堵塞v circuits are jammed
  • 手機方案 phone plan
  • 圖片不清楚a blurry
  • 圖像模糊不清;聲音干擾的;不清楚的a fuzzy
    • e.g. Is the picture always fuzzy on your TV?
    • e.g. You can pick up a lot of stations on the car radio but the sound is usually sort of fuzzy.
    • e.g. The basic facts of the story are starting to emerge though the details are still fuzzy.
  • 雜訊(電視上黑白點) static / noise e.g. My TV is broken. It is showing a lot of static.
  • 聽不清楚;聲音變小(a) muffled /ˈmʌf.əld/ 聲音微弱v: muffle
    • e.g. you’re muffled
    • e.g. The house has double-glazed windows to muffle the noise of aircraft.
    • e.g. I just muffle them all.
    • e.g. I sound muffled / muffled voices (很小聲)
    • e.g. Sound a lot more muffled
  • 電話或線上(沒聽清楚)
    • e.g. it cut out, could you repeat that?
    • e.g. the connection is really bad
  • 聽不清楚
    • e.g. I think we have a bad connection.
    • e.g. Sorry. I didn’t catch that. (我沒有聽到)
    • e.g. Could you speak up a little, please?
  • 斷斷訊訊 break up
    • e.g. You are breaking up. Can you say that again?
  • 技術問題(畫面;聲音;網路) technical issue
  • 斷線a disconnected e.g. I just got disconnected
  • 斷線; cut off e.g. Hi, it’s Jennifer again. We got cut off for no reason.
  • 忙線中；佔線中 be engaged e.g. I’m sorry, but the line’s engaged at the moment. Is there anything I can help you with?
  • 靜音;擴音 on mute/(speaker phone)
• 遠距會議 teleconferencing
• 遠端辦公 telecommuting e.g. Does this company allow telecommuting?
• 齒輪 a cog in the wheel / a cog in a machine
  • def: a small part of a large organization or group
  • e.g. Mr Lake was an important cog in the Republican campaign machine.
• 在家工作 work from home
• 基地台 base station
• 團購 team buying / group buying / group purchase / collective buying
• 充電線;電線 cord
• 延長線 extension cord
• 充電器 charger
• 行動電源 portable charger
• 可充電的a rechargeable /riːˈtʃɑːr.dʒə.bəl/ e.g. a rechargeable battery
• 轉接頭;電源供應器 adapter / plug adapter
• 插座 outlet
• 連不上 wifi
  • e.g. My computer has some problems connecting to Wi-Fi.
  • e.g. My computer has a weak/bad/poor Wi-Fi connection.
  • e.g. The Wi-Fi signal is weak on my computer. My computer has bad Wi-Fi reception.

服裝

• 游泳
  • 泳帽 swimming cap
  • 泳衣褲(統稱) swimwear
  • 女生一件式泳裝 swimsuit / bathing suit
  • 女生兩截式的泳裝 bikini / tankini (較保守的)
  • 女生兩截式的泳裝 上半部/下半部 bikini top / bikini bottom
  • 男生泳褲 swim shorts / swim trunks / swimming trunks
  • 男生泳褲(三角) swim briefs / speedo
  • 救生圈 life buoy / lifebelt /ˈlaɪf.belt/
  • 救生衣；救生背心 life preserver
• 款式
  • 迷彩n camouflage /ˈkæm.ə.flɑːʒ/ e.g. a camouflage jacket
  • 吉利服(全身葉子偽裝服) ghillie suit
  • 服裝(特殊類型的) garb e.g. prison/clerical/military garb
• 衣
  • 日常T恤 casual t-shirts
  • 長袖T恤 long sleeve t-shirts
  • 短袖T恤 short sleeve t-shirts
  • 素色T恤 plain t-shirts
  • 無袖的a sleeveless e.g. 女裝 a sleeveless blouse/dress
  • 上衣(口語) top
  • 女襯衫 blouse
  • 襯衫 shirt
  • 扣子襯衫 botton-up t-shirts
  • 套頭衫(口語) jumper
  • 套裝/西裝 suit
  • 一件事套裝 one-piece suit
  • 制服 uniforms
  • 正式場合的服裝 apparel
  • 衣服 garment
  • 蝴蝶結 bow
  • 連身帽T hoodie
  • 連身帽外套 hoodie coat
  • 連帽t恤 hoodie
  • 西裝背心；內衣(非女性的) vest
  • 女士背心 camisole /ˈkæm.ɪ.soʊl/
  • 背心 tank top
  • polo衫 polo shirt
  • 運動衫(長袖運動上衣，有些有帽子) sweatshirt
  • 毛衣 sweater
  • 開襟毛衣/羊毛衫(披身上的薄外套，沒有拉鏈) cardigan
  • 套頭毛衣 pullover
  • 毛織緊身上衣(常見運動員穿的) jersey
  • 針織衣物 hosiery /ˈhoʊ.ʒɚ.i/
  • 夾克/短外套 jacket
  • 皮衣 leather jacket
  • 風衣 trench coat
  • 外套/大衣 coat
  • 晚禮服 tuxedo /tʌkˈsiː.dəʊ/
  • 雨衣 rain poncho / raincoat
  • 雨鞋 rain boots
  • 高圓領 turtleneck
  • 圓領T-shirt crew neck T-shirt
  • 浴衣 bathrobe
  • 鞋拔(幫助穿鞋的工具) shoehorn
• 褲
  • 短褲 shorts
  • 牛仔褲(長) jeans
  • 運動短褲 sport shorts
  • 運動長褲 sport pants ／ sweatpants
  • 寛鬆衣褲;運動服n tracksuit
  • 煙管褲/窄管褲(纖細的褲管) slims
  • 直筒褲 straights
  • 七分褲 crops
  • 長褲 slacks / pants / trousers(總稱)
• 內衣褲
  • 內衣褲 underwears
  • 女用貼身內衣褲 lingerie
  • 胸罩 bras
  • 胸圍 bust
  • 女性三角內褲 knicker
  • 女性內褲 underpants
  • 女性內褲(性感的) panties
  • 丁字褲 thong
  • 男用四角內褲 boxers / boxershorts
  • 男用棉質三角褲 y-fronts
  • 男用內褲 briefs
  • 丁字褲 thongs (UK,US) / G-strings(AU)
• 鞋子
  • 拖鞋;涼鞋 sandal
  • 室內拖 slipper
  • 夾腳拖 flip-flop(UK,US) / thongs(AU) / jandals(NZ)
  • 高根鞋n high heels a: high-heeled/high heeled e.g. high-heeled shoes
  • 高蹺 stilt /stɪlts/
• 配件
  • 領帶 tie
  • 皮帶 belt
  • 圍巾 scarf
  • 陽傘 parasol
  • 腳鍊 anklet
  • 手鐲 bracelet
  • 胸針 brooch
  • 鍊子 chain
  • 胸花 corsage /kɔːrˈsɑːʒ/
  • 耳環 earrings
  • 項鍊 necklace
  • 珍珠項鍊 pearls
  • 別針 pin
  • 戒指 ring
  • 面紗 veil
  • 披肩 shawl /ʃɑːl/
  • 斗篷 cape
• 皮夾；皮包
  • 行李袋 duffel bag
  • 側背袋 shoulder bag
  • 背包 backpack
  • 背包客 backpacker
  • 束口袋 drawstring
  • (男)公事包 briefcase
  • (女)手提包 purse
  • (女)單肩小包包 satchel bag
  • 手提袋 tote bag
  • 三折式皮夾 tri-fold wallet
  • 兩折式皮夾 bi-fold wallet
  • 支票夾 checkbook wallet
  • 錢包(女) purse
  • 錢包;皮夾(不分男女) wallet
  • 零錢包 coin holder wallet
  • 長夾 long wallet
  • 卡夾 card holder
  • 名牌包 luxury bag
  • 拉鏈 zipper
  • 轉/夾釦 clasp
  • 背帶 strap
• 其他部位
  • 衣領 collar
  • 翻領(西裝外套旁的) lapel /ləˈpel/
  • 圓領口 crewneck
  • 高領的 high-necked
  • 衣服摺痕、皺摺 crease(s)
  • 皺摺 pleat
  • 細帶子；蕾絲花邊 lace
  • 袖子 sleeve
  • 袖口 cuff
  • 鈕扣 button
  • 袖扣 cufflinks / cuff link
  • 皮帶扣環 clasp
  • 口袋 pocket
  • 車縫處 seam
  • 褲子的腰帶處 waistband
  • 拉鍊 zipper
  • 裙下擺 hem
  • 鉤針編織 crochet /kroʊˈʃeɪ/
  • 毛線編織 knit
  • 披肩(女)n shawl /ʃɑːl/
• 其他與衣服相關的
  • 待洗的衣物;剛洗過的衣物n washing e.g. I hang/peg the washing out on the line.
  • 洗衣服 do the laundry (US) / do the washing (AU)
  • 摺衣服 fold laundry
  • 洗衣機 washing machine
  • 漂白劑 bleach
  • 洗衣粉;洗潔精 detergent
  • 乾洗 dry-clean
  • 烘乾機 dryer
  • 衣物柔軟精 fabric softener
  • 衣架 hanger
  • 曬衣架(室內) clothes horse
  • 熨斗﹔燙衣服 iron
  • 自助洗衣店 Laundromat
  • 洗衣店 laundry
  • 送洗衣物籃 laundry basket
  • 免燙處理 permanent press
  • 熨，燙衣服 press
  • 要洗的衣物 the wash
  • 防水的 waterproof
  • 修改衣服 alteration
  • 假髮 wig
  • 男用假髮 toupée /tuːˈpeɪ/
  • 毛巾(擦手) hand towel
  • 毛巾(擦臉) washcloth
• 動作
  • 涉水v wade e.g. The river was full but we managed to wade across.
  • 拉(褲子;裙子)v hitch up
    • e.g. She hitched her skirt up before wading across the stream.
  • 拉v haul e.g. They hauled the boat out of the water.
  • 拉v tug e.g. Tom tugged at his mother’s arm.
  • 盤腿坐;盤坐v sit cross-legged (adv: cross-legged /ˌkrɒsˈleɡd/)
    • e.g. People just sitting cross-legged on the floor, thinking of nothing?!
    • e.g. He was sitting cross-legged in the chair.
  • 翹腳v cross one’s legs e.g. He was crossing his legs in the chair.
  • 抓緊v grasp
  • 抓緊v hold
  • 握緊v grip
  • 揉..成一團v crumple up
    • e.g. Sylvie crumpled up the letter and threw it in the bin.
    • e.g. I crumpled it up and threw it away.
  • 揉成團 scrunch
    • e.g. She scrunched the letter up and threw it in the bin.
    • e.g. be scrunched up in a ball
  • 摩;搓;揉v rub /rʌb/
    • e.g. Stop rubbing your eyes
    • e.g. I rubbed my hands to get warm.
  • 淺眠 light sleep e.g. I’m such a light sleeper.
  • 熟睡 deep sleep 人 deep/heavy sleeper e.g. My boyfriend is a heavy sleeper. That’s why he constantly misses my calls.
  • 睡過頭 oversleep
    • e.g. overslept and was late for work
  • 賴床 sleep in (US) / lie in (UK) / stay in bed
    • e.g. On weekends I usually sleep in till noon.
  • 漱口v gargle /ˈɡɑːr.ɡəl/
  • 排便v defecate /ˈdef.ə.keɪt/
  • 性行為(非男女關係,或有什麼約定的)n fooling around / casual sex
  • 婚前性行為 premarital sex
  • 嬉鬧；玩樂v cavort /kəˈvɔːrt/
    • e.g. They were spotted cavorting beside the swimming pool.
  • 曬衣服；晾衣服 hang out the laundry
  • 穿衣服 get dressed
  • 穿上 put on e.g. put the garters on
  • 穿上 have something on
  • 穿上；戴上(連帽外套的帽子) put up e.g. put up a hood
  • 打扮；整理 spruce up e.g. I thought I’d have a shave and generally spruce myself up for the interview.
  • 盛裝打扮;穿著正式 dress up e.g. Be sure to dress up.
  • 穿著特別的衣服 deck out e.g. I just can’t imagine you decked out in a tuxedo for any formal occasion.
  • 裝扮；假扮；喬裝v disguise a: disguised e.g. the people are disguised as dragons and lions
  • 脫掉v take sth off e.g. the your socks off
  • 拿掉v take out (拿掉身體裡或身體上的東西): I took the bullet out of my arm. / take my tooth out
  • 拿掉v take off (拿掉穿戴的東西): I took off my necklace. / the the dust off / the off the tape
  • 拉拉鍊 zip up
  • 扣釦子 button up
  • 跟拉拉鍊、扣扣子意思一樣 do up
  • 穿 (也可以是戴帽子的戴) have on
  • 穿上、戴上 put on
  • 快速穿上(趕時間用) throw on
  • 試穿 try on
  • 脫下 take off e.g. I take off my T-shirt.
  • (特別是鞋子) 把鞋子踢掉 (回到家腳太痛啦) kick off
  • 耗損 (買新鞋剛穿不舒服，多穿就可以舒服多啦!) wear in => ? = break in?
  • (被)掛起來 hang
    • e.g. it hangs on the wall
    • e.g. A heavy gold necklace hung around her neck.
  • 懸掛；吊著v dangle
    • e.g. Loose electric wires were dangling from the wall.
    • e.g. He dangled the puppet in front of the children.
  • 懸掛在..上v懸伸物;凸出物n overhang
    • e.g. Several large trees overhang the path.
    • e.g. The church is unsafe because it was built on an overhang.
  • 改緊/放寬 take it in/out e.g. e.g. I’ll have to take this skirt in at the waist - it’s too big.
  • 改長/改短 take it up/down
  • 修改;改衣服v alter e.g. alter some of our plans
  • 衣服破掉 be torn e.g. Eric didn’t realize that his t-shirt was torn. It was so embarrassing!
  • 坐過去一點 move over (常用) / scoot over (較少) / scooch over (更少)
    • e.g. Please move over.
    • e.g. Hey, scooch over! Don’t you see I’m standing in front of you?
  • 摺起來；摺邊vn hem e.g. I need to hem those curtains.
  • 起皺v crumple e.g. This shirt crumples easily. / Her face crumpled with laughter.
  • 起皺的 crumpled e.g. crumpled clothes
  • 撞衫n wearing the same dress e.g. What’s the big deal about wearing the same dress ten months apart? Do you think people have such good memories?
  • 跛行；一拐一拐的走v limp

物品；東西；工具；品牌

• 武器
  • 口徑；彈徑 calibre (UK) /ˈkæl.ɪ.bər/
  • 槍管 berrel
• 工具;器具；機械
  • 彈簧n spring
  • 鋸v saw e.g. They sawed the door in half.
  • 打洞機 hole puncher
  • 文具用品 stationery
    • 橡皮擦 eraser (US) / rubber (AU)
    • 筆蕊(鉛筆) lead
  • 鑷子 tweezers /ˈtwiː.zəz/
  • 膠帶n用膠帶黏v tape e.g. I taped them together.
  • 釘書針 staple 釘v staple 釘書機 stalpler e.g. I stapled the papers together to keep them organized.
  • 鈍的a blunt
  • 操縱杆；控制桿n lever e.g. pulling the lever
  • 機械
    • 挖土機；怪手 excavator /ˈek.skə.veɪ.t̬ɚ/ e.g. The five-year-old statue in Belonia town was removed with the help of an excavator as supporters cheered.
  • 煤灰；煤煙n soot
  • 掃把 broom
  • 畚箕 dustpan
  • 香爐 incense burner
  • 香 incense sticks /ˈɪn.sens/
  • 跑步機 treadmill
  • 器具(廚房)n utensil /juːˈten.sɪl/ e.g. wooden utensil
  • 小玩意；小裝置n gadget /ˈɡædʒ.ət/ e.g. 15 FIDGET GADGETS ACTUALLY WORTH BUYING / Have you seen this handy little gadget - it’s for separating egg yolks from whites.
  • 勾子；掛鉤n hook
  • 小勾子；掛衣鉤n釘著v peg
    • e.g. He took off his coat/hat and hung it on the peg.
    • e.g. Make sure the tarpaulin is securely pegged down.
  • 倒勾;倒刺n barb e.g. cats have hooked barbs on their tongues
  • 刷毛(刷子)n bristle e.g. make all the bristles go funny
  • 桿;柄;軸n shaft e.g. the shaft of a golf club
  • 板 board e.g. floor boards of the old house
  • 平板;板子 plate
  • 匾額 plaque
  • 鋼板 steel plate
  • 鐵砧 anvil
  • 臼 mortal
  • 杵 pestle e.g. Use a pestle and mortar to crush the spices.
  • 夾子(大,食物) tongs /tɒŋz/ e.g. At a buffet restaurant, customers use tongs to pick the food they want.
  • 夾子；鉗子(任何大小,會自動夾住,如晒衣夾)n夾住v clamp e.g. Clamp the two pieces of
  • 小夾子 clip
  • 鉗子 pincer
  • 鉗子 pliers
  • 漏斗nv funnel
    • e.g. After you grind the coffee, use a funnel to pour it into the jar.
    • e.g. If you funnel the oil into the engine, you’re less likely to spill it.
  • 滲透v seep
  • 管嘴;水龍頭口n nozzle e.g. Attach the nozzle to the hose before turning on the water.
  • 水龍頭 faucet
• 形容
  • 邪惡的a vile
    • e.g. This vile policy of ethnic cleansing must be stopped.
    • e.g. This cheese smells vile.
  • 品質差的a shoddy
    • e.g. shoddy construction
  • 壞了 is not working e.g. The speakers are not working.
  • 出毛病；不正常；壞了 out of whack e.g. You can use Carol’s old bike - the gears are out of whack, but it still goes.
  • 易用的a easy-to-use e.g. easy-to-use camera
  • 損壞的a broken-down e.g. broken-down washing machine / broken-down vehicle
  • 壞掉;無法正常使用v go funny
    • e.g. make all the bristles go funny
    • e.g. She says too much reading makes your eyes go funny.
    • e.g. She goes a bit funny if she stops taking her drugs.
• 抹布 rag e.g. Get that rag over there and wipe the table with it.
• 立可白 liquid paper
• 魔鬼沾 Velcro /ˈvel.krəʊ/ / hook and loop fastener / hook and pile fastener / touch fastener
• 棉花棒 Q-tips (US品牌名) / cotton swab (US) / cotton bud (UK)
• 夾層(背包) slot e.g. ipad slot
• 靶心 bullseye e.g. I was amazed when I got a bullseye.
• 套鞋;防水鞋套 overshoes
• 便利貼 post-it note
• 品牌意識a brand-conscious / brand conscious
  • e.g. Chinese consumers are brand-conscious and quite well informed about cars.
• 竿子 pole e.g. a telegraph/electricity pole
• 櫥窗裡的模特兒n mannequin /ˈmæn.ə.kɪn/
• 桌遊 board game
• 化妝品 make-up / cosmetics
• 蚊帳 a mosquito net
• 奶嘴n pacifier (US /ˈpæs.ə.faɪ.ɚ/) / dummy (AU)
• 尿布n diaper (US) / nappy (AU ) e.g. nappy-changing
• 吃電的
  • 販賣機 vending machine
  • 電熱水瓶；熱水壺 water boiler
  • 點餐完給的震動器 vibrating coaster
  • 收銀機 cash register
  • 滑輪機n turbine /ˈtɝː.baɪn/ e.g. a steam turbine
• 材料；材質；原料
  • 漆nv lacquer
  • 外層(保護用)n cladding 包覆的a clad
    • e.g. The pipes froze because the cladding had fallen off.
    • e.g. an armour-clad vehicle
    • e.g. the building is clad with ACM
  • 硬紙板 cardboard
  • 薄膜 membrane e.g. membrane around the heart
  • 板條(建築) lath e.g. metal lath
  • 鋁箔包 drink cartons and lunch boxes
  • 鐵鋁罐 tin and aluminum cans
  • 舊衣類 textiles and fabrics
  • 保麗龍 styrofoam /ˈstaɪ.rə.fəʊm/
  • 合板 plywood
  • 糊；膏 paste
  • 空心的a挖空v hollow 被挖空的a hollowed
    • e.g. The stairs have been hollowed by centuries of use.
    • e.g. a hollowed tree
    • e.g. hollowing out a tunnel
  • 紙漿 pulp
  • 成份；材料；因素n ingredient
    • e.g. The list of ingredients included 250g of almonds.
    • e.g. Trust is a vital ingredient in a successful marriage.
  • 材料；物質n substance e.g. an organic/chemical substance
  • 素材 material(s) / fodder
    • e.g. Politicians are always good fodder for comedians (= they make jokes about them).
  • 帆布n canvas /ˈkæn.vəs/
  • 礦石；礦砂n ore e.g. iron/copper ore
  • 提煉v smelt
  • 小球 pellet /ˈpel.ət/ e.g. iron pellet
  • 小石頭 pebble
  • 舖泊油v泊油n tarmac /ˈtɑr·mæk/ e.g. tarmac road
  • 碎石；瓦礫(倒塌)n rubble /ˈrʌb.əl/
  • 木屑；碎玻璃n splinter
  • 礫石n gravel /ˈɡræv.əl/ e.g. a gravel path
  • 箔 foil e.g. aluminium foil
  • 金錠;鑄塊n ingot e.g. gold ingot
  • 瓷 porcelain /ˈpɔːr.səl.ɪn/ e.g. a porcelain dish
  • 陶瓷製品 ceramics /səˈræm.ɪks/
  • 陶瓷器具 pottery /ˈpɑː.t̬ɚ.i/
  • 板條n slat /slæt/
    • e.g. wooden slats
    • e.g. The base of the bed was made of slats.
• 免費a free
• 免費送的;附送的a complimentary e.g. complimentary CD
• 贈品/禮物(給顧客/網友)n giveaway
• 禮品(聚會)n goody bag
• 成人禮n bar mitzvah /ˌbɑː ˈmɪts.və/
• 附送;附隨;伴隨 come with / accompany e.g. The course books are accompanied by four CDs.
• 附屬物 accessory 輔助的a accessorial e.g. Accessories for the top-of-the-range car include leather upholstery, electric windows, and a sunroof.
• 附屬物；附件n adjunct /ˈædʒ.ʌŋkt/
  • e.g. I hoped I would find the computer course a useful adjunct to my other studies.
• 溫度計；體溫計 thermometer /θɚˈmɑː.mə.t̬ɚ/
• 手槍 pistol e.g. a loaded(上膛) pistol / an automatic pistol / air pistol
• 彈匣 magazine
• 槍管 barrel
• 槍支 firearm
• 槍托 buttstock
• 萬花筒；變化多端n kaleidoscope /kəˈlaɪ.də.skoʊp/ a: kaleidoscopic
• 動物娃娃 stuffed animal
• 填裝棉花(e.g. 娃娃) polyfill
• 調色盤n palette /ˈpæl.ət/
• 拖捨(food, clothing, money)n handout e.g. I’m not interested in government handouts - all I want is a job.
• 傳記;回憶錄n memoir /ˈmem.wɑːr/
• 髮膠；黏的物質n goop
• 爽身粉 talcum powder /ˈtæl.kəm ˌpaʊ.dɚ/
• 收藏品;收藏的na: collectable(s)
• 大頭照 head shots
• 馬克杯 mug
• 邊(帽沿;杯口)n brim e.g. He filled the glass to the brim.
• 杯墊 coaster
• 保溫瓶 Thermos /ˈθɜː.məs/
• 厚實的a sturdy e.g. sturdy (walking boots/table)
• 堅固的a firm e.g. The ground was not firm enough to build on.
• 堅固的a solid
• 堅固的a strong
• 堅固；耐用的(東西;系統);強壯的a robust e.g. robust economy / He looks robust / a robust economy
• 耐用的a durable n: durability
  • e.g. The machines have to be made of durable materials.
  • e.g. All our toys are tested for durability.
  • e.g. to test the durability of the TESLA battery
• 體格壯的a heavyset
• 塑膠袋 plastic bag
• 衛生紙 tissue / toilet paper
• 衛生棉 maxi pad /ˋmæksi pæd/ / sanitary pad (formal)
• 衛生棉條 tampon /ˈtæm.pɒn/
• 吸管 straw
• 吸管杯(拳擊賽用的那種) sippy cup
• 吸v suck e.g. She was sitting on the grass sucking lemonade through a straw.
• 鋁罐上的拉環 a pull-tab lid
• 易開罐拉環 pull tops
• 玻璃啤酒的蓋子 crimped cap(s)
• 波紋狀蓋的a crimp-topped e.g. crimp-topped jars/bottles
• 牙籤 toothpick
• 柳丁 rivet(s)
• 螺絲(釘)n screw(s)
• 螺絲起子 screwdriver
• 螺帽 screw cap(s)
• 螺旋蓋的a screw-topped e.g. screw-topped jars/bottles
• 螺栓；插銷 bolt
• 塞子；栓子n plug e.g. a bath plug
• 軟木塞 cork
• 鎖上；閂上；固定住v bolt
  • e.g. On a ship the furniture is often bolted to the deck.
  • e.g. The door bolts on the inside.
• 煙灰缸 ashtray
• 托盤(e.g. 麥當勞) tray e.g. it has the metal tray on the top
• 鏈子 leash e.g. Please keep your dog “on” a leash when on the beach.
• 雙筒望遠鏡 binoculars e.g. a pair of binoculars
• 手套 glove
• 手套 mitt
  • 棒球手套 a catcher’s mitt
  • 烤箱手套 oven mitts
• 濾器；濾網 strainer e.g. a tea strainer
• 墊子;座墊;靠墊 cushion
• 座墊套n upholstery /ʌpˈhoʊl.stɚ.i/ e.g. an old sofa with faded green upholstery
• 防水布 tarp (US) / tarpaulin /tɑːˈpɔː.lɪn/ (UK)
• 窗簾；門簾n curtain
• 窗簾(厚布)n drape 披/搭/蒙/蓋上 drape
  • e.g. The coffins were all draped with the national flag.
• 帷；幕；帳；簾 drapery /ˈdreɪ.pɚ.i/
• 地毯 mat e.g. The cat sat on the mat.
• 地毯(可移動;小範圍) rug e.g. I put the rug down.
• 地毯(固定;無法移動;大範圍) carpet
• 薄片地板 laminate flooring
• 硬木地板 hardwood floors
• 飛盤 Frisbee
• 鉛筆盒/袋 pencil case
• 牙刷桶 toothbrush holder
• 弄緊；繫緊；夾緊n fastening e.g. need fastening
• 無人認領的a unclaimed e.g. The government has decided to take over the unclaimed property.

顏色；形狀；外形；形容

• 顏色
  • 變色；退色v discolour n: discolouration
  • 色素；顏料n pigment
  • 黑白色a monochrome /ˈmɑː.nə.kroʊm/ e.g. Kodak still produces monochrome film.
  • 淡紫色na lavender /ˈlæv.ɪn.dɚ/
  • 米色n beige /beɪʒ/
  • 乳白色;米色 off white
  • 淡紅的a reddish
  • 粟色(棕+紫, 看起來像深紅色)n maroon /məˈruːn/
  • 透明(度) transparency
  • 不透明(度) opacity /oʊˈpæs.ə.t̬i/
  • 不透明的a opaque /oʊˈpeɪk/
    • e.g. opaque contracts
    • e.g. opaque glass/tights
    • e.g. I find her poetry a little too opaque.
  • 古銅色的a bronzed
  • 深色頭髮的白人女子 brunette /bruˈnet/ e.g. a tall brunette
• 形狀
  • 三角形n triangle a: triangular
  • 五角形n pentagon a: pentagonal
  • 六角形n hexagon /ˈhek.sə.ɡən/ a: hexagonal
  • 七角形n heptagon a: heptagonal
  • 八角形n octagon a: octagonal
  • 正方形na square
  • 正立方體n cube a: cubic
  • 長方形n rectangle [ˈrek.tæŋ.ɡəl] / rectangular
  • 平行四邊形na parallelogram /ˌper.əˈlel.ə.ɡræm/
  • 梯形n trapezoid /ˈtræp.ɪ.zɔɪd/ a: trapezoidal
  • 菱形n diamond / rhombus [ˈrɑːm.bəs] a: rhombic
  • 圓形n circle / round a: circular / round
  • 橢圓形的a elliptical
  • 橢圓形an oval
  • 圓錐體;三角錐n cone a: conical e.g. a traffic cone
  • 四角錐n pyramid a: pyramidic
  • 圓柱n cylinder a: cylindrical
    • 圓柱狀的 e.g. cylinder-shaped
  • 圓柱n column e.g. Most of the building’s columns are still standing.
  • 球體n sphere / globe a: spherical / global
  • 圓頂na dome
  • 頂點；節點 vertex e.g. the vertex of a triangle/cone/pyramid
  • 頂點n apex e.g. the spex of a trangle / humans are apex predators
  • 網狀的 reticulated e.g. a reticulated pattern
  • 網狀 mesh e.g. a wire mesh fence
  • 網格；格子 grid e.g. power grid
  • 鋸齒狀;Z形 zigzag e.g. a zigzag path/road/coastline
  • 鋸齒狀 jagged e.g. a jagged line/edge
• 線條
  • 直線n line a: linear
  • 螺旋na spiral
  • 波浪n wave a: waved / wavy e.g. a wavy line
  • 圓弧的a rounded e.g. The little boy stared at the pregnant woman’s rounded belly.
  • 曲線;圓弧的;弓形的n curve a: curved / curvy e.g. curved edge phones / curved line
  • 流線型的;平滑發亮的;線條流暢的a sleek e.g. Who owns that sleek black car parked outside your house?
  • 有輪廓的;有線條的a contoured
  • 對角線n diagonal line a: diagonal adv: diagonally
  • 直角 right angle
  • 垂直n vertical line a: vertical
  • 垂直的；豎的a upright e.g. upright axis
  • 平行n parallel line a: parallel
  • 直角n right angle
  • 對折v centerfold / centrefold
  • 折彎的(就像樹枝被折斷)a bent e.g. a bent line
  • 易彎的a pliable
  • 扭曲；變形;失真v distort
    • e.g. His face was distorted in agony.
    • e.g. The music just gets distorted when you play it so loud.
  • 歪的；彎曲的a crooked
    • e.g. crooked country roads
    • e.g. His front teeth are crooked.
  • 歪的a wonky
    • e.g. You have a wonky nose and a crooked mouth.
    • e.g. a wonky teeth
    • e.g. a wonky picture 掛歪了的畫
  • 歪的a askew e.g. Isn’t that picture slightly askew?
  • 傾斜的a lopsided /ˌlɒpˈsaɪd.ɪd/
    • = askew
    • e.g. The table is lopsided.
    • e.g. a charming, lopsided grin
  • 彎曲的a curvy
  • 曲度；彎曲n curvature /ˈkɝː.və.tʃɚ/ e.g. the curvature of the earth’s surface
• 感官
  • 鳥叫v chirp
  • 鳥叫nv caw /kɔː/
  • 眼熟的a look familiar
  • 耳熟的a sounds familiar
  • 舒服的a comfortable <–> uncomfortable
  • 舒服的a toasty
  • 響亮的a resounding e.g. Supporters gave the team three resounding cheers.
  • 響亮的a loud and clear
  • 響亮的;回聲的;有共嗚的a resonant /ˈrez.ən.ənt/ n: resonance
    • e.g. a resonant concert hall
  • 渾厚的(聲音)a sonorous /ˈsɒn.ər.əs/ e.g. a sonorous voice
  • 沙沙聲(樹葉)v rustle e.g. The leaves rustled in the breeze.
  • 低沉生硬的a gruff e.g. a gruff reply
  • 苦a bitter
  • 濃a strong
  • 淡a weak
  • 低/高音 lower/higher register e.g. Sheldon: You might want to speak in a lower register.
  • 閃亮的a lustrous e.g. long, lustrous hair
  • 有趣的a entertaining
  • 發人深省的;引起思考的a thought-provoking
  • 鼓舞人心的a inspiring
  • 嘆息聲;嘆氣聲nv groan /ɡroʊn/ e.g. He looked at the piles of dirty dishes and gave a groan of dismay.
  • 嘆氣v sigh
    • e.g. She sighed deeply and sat down.
    • e.g. He leaned back in his seat with a sigh.
• 對稱 n: symmetry a: symmetrical /ˈsɪm.ə.tri/ <–> 不對稱的 n: asymmetry a: asymmetric
  • e.g. The design of the house had a pleasing symmetry, its oblong shape being picked up in its elongated windows.
  • e.g. Your face is pleasingly symmetrical.
• 油滑的;華而不實的a使光滑v slick
  • e.g. It’s that sort of slick sales talk that I mistrust.
  • e.g. He slicked his hair back with gel.
• 可憐的a poor
• 可憐的;可悲的a pathetic
  • e.g. The refugees were a pathetic sight - starving, frightened and cold.
  • e.g. He mad a pethetic attempt to explain the failure.
• 可憐的a pitiable = pitiful adv: pitiably 同情;可惜nv pity
  • e.g. She’s just pitying you.
  • e.g. take pity on somebody
  • e.g. I pity anyone who’s never been in love.
  • e.g. I pity you having to put up with her at work!
• 發胖的；發福的;飽滿的a plump
  • e.g. a plump chicken
  • e.g. He’s got rather plump since I last saw him.
  • e.g. plump juicy grapes
• 易脫落的a flaky e.g. dry, flaky skin / a flaky scalp
• 酥脆的a crisp
• 笨重的a clunky
  • e.g. The clunky handsets looked old-fashioned as soon as they were launched.
  • e.g. He wore a clunky gold ring.
• 佔位的；龐大的a bulky e.g. bulky equipment
• 龐大的a monolithic e.g. monolithic state-run organizations /
• 笨重的a cumbersome e.g. cumbersome equipment/bureaucracy
• 空間的a spacial / spatial /ˈspeɪ.ʃəl/
• 寬敞的a spacious / roomy
• 機密的a classified
• 鬆開;解開v unfasten * e.g. I can’t unfasten this button/belt.
• 鬆開v unwind-unwound-unwound
  • e.g. In a nearby medical tent, a US Army doctor gently unwinds Metruk’s bandage.
  • e.g. the silk thread that makes up the cocoon is unwound
• 鬆開v loosen 鬆的;寬鬆的a loose
• 鬆的 slack e.g. e.g. These tent ropes are too slack - they need tightening.
• 鬆軟的a floppy e.g. a floppy hat
• 變緊v tighten
• 緊的a tight
• 真糟糕;糟糕的事n bummer
  • e.g. I’ve left my wallet at home. What a bummer.
  • e.g. He’s kind of a bummer.
• 不愉快的;糟糕；討厭的a nasty
  • e.g. nasty fight/shock/smell
  • e.g. the food might be nasty
• 糟糕的a appalling /əˈpɔː.lɪŋ/
• 變糟v go south e.g. the market goes south
• 弄糟;使情況變更複雜(slag) muddy the waters
  • e.g. His suggestions just muddied the waters further, rather than helping the situation.
  • e.g. He tried to muddy the waters by posting irrelevant comments about the issue.
• 成型;發展;變好 shape up e.g. our apartment’s really shaping up
• 變好;站穩腳根v take hold
  • e.g. The economic recovery is just beginning to take hold now.
• 波浪狀的;有瓦楞的(鐵板,紙板, etc)a corrugated /ˈkɔːr.ə.ɡeɪ.t̬ɪd/ e.g. The roof is made from sheets of corrugated iron.
• 水汪汪的a watery e.g. watery eyes
• 美的；美學的；美感的a aesthetic /esˈθet̬.ɪk/ e.g. The new building has little aesthetic value/appeal.
• 平凡的a ordinary
• 平淡無奇的；平庸的；一般沒什麼特別的a banal /bəˈnɑːl/ e.g. banal pop songs / banal remarks
• 獨特的；與眾不同的；特別的a distinctive
  • e.g. a distinctive smell/taste
• 獨一無二的；無法取代的a irreplaceable
• 獨一無二的 one-of-a-kind / out of a kind e.g. one-of-a-kind dresses / The one of a kind necklace was sold last month for $2 million.
• 格子圖案的a checkered e.g. red checkered shirt
• 格子圖案的(兩種以上的顏色)a chequered e.g. red and white chequered tablecloths
• 方格花紋；格紋n plaid e.g. plaid shirt guy
• 身材勻稱的a shaply e.g. shapely legs
• 苗條的;細長的a slender
• 瘦小的(形容女生)a petite
• 瘦骨如柴的a scrawny /ˈskrɔː.ni/
• 身材結實的a stocky
• 矮的a short e.g. a short, stocky man
• 鬆的a loose
• 條紋的a striped /straɪpt/ e.g. striped shirts
• 條紋n pinstripe e.g. pinstripe suit
• 條紋；線條的紋路 striation /straɪˈeɪ.ʃən/ e.g. What has caused the striations in this rock?
• 質感；韻味 texture
  • e.g. The writing has a rich texture.
  • e.g. This artificial fabric has the texture of silk.
• 簡陋的 crude-cruder-crudest
  • e.g. a crude device/weapon
  • e.g. a crude explosive device
• 粗糙的a coarse e.g. coarse sand
• 粗糙的a rough e.g. My hands get very rough in the cold.
• 未來感的a futuristic
• 淺的a shallow
• 倒影n reflection e.g. On a still day, you can see your face reflected in water.
• 外型;輪廓;身影n profile
• 輪廓n contour e.g. He studied the contours of her face.
• 剪影;輪廓n silhouette /ˌsɪl.uˈet/
• 輪廓n outline
  • e.g. we outline the top 10 most typical interview questions
  • e.g. She drew the outline of the boat and then coloured it in.
  • e.g. The mountain was visible only in outline as the light faded.
• 背影n rear profile
• 背影n a view of somebody’s back / a view of somebody from behind / somebody from behind / somebody’s back
• 暗的a dim
• 變暗v dim
• 非常差的a atrocious /əˈtroʊ.ʃəs/
• 令人驚喜的a amazin
• 莊嚴的；雄偉的a majestic /məˈdʒes.tɪk/ e.g. The majestic Montana scenery will leave you breathless.g
• 壯麗的;極好的a magnificent e.g. a magnificent view / a magnificent piece of writing
• 壯觀的;極好的a spectacular e.g. a spectacular view / We’ve had spectacular success with the product.
• 極好的a splendid e.g. You look splendid in that outfit.
• 極好的a fantastic
• 極好的a fabulous / fab
• 漂亮的a stunning
• 完美的a perfect adv: perfectly <–> 不完美的a imperfect
• 完美的;無瑕的a flawless adv: flawlessly e.g. a flawless performance / carried out his sales pitch flawlessly
• 完美的；無可挑剔的a impeccable /ɪmˈpek.ə.bəl/ e.g. You handwritting is impeccable. / impeccable taste
• 潔淨的;完美無瑕的a immaculate /ɪˈmæk.jə.lət/ e.g. dressed in immaculate white suit
• 基本事實；本質n the nitty-gritty
  • e.g. nitty gritty details
  • e.g. Let’s get down to the nitty-gritty - how much will it cost?
• 無根據的；無事實根據a baseless adv: baselessly
• 重要的；本質的a intrinsic /ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk/
  • e.g. it might be something more intrinsic to coffee itself
  • e.g. intrinsic reasons / works of intrinsic value / Maths is an intrinsic part of the school curriculum.
  • e.g. all of this work is intrinsically tied to the list of transactions
• 本質n essence /ˈes.əns/ adv essentially
  • e.g. The essence of his argument was that education should continue throughout life.
  • 本質上 e.g. In essence, both sides agree on the issue.
  • 本質上；基本上 e.g. What he’s saying is essentially true.
• 非本質的a extrinsic /ekˈstrɪn.zɪk/ e.g. Extrinsic forces were responsible for the breakdown of the peace talks.
• 生來就有的；固有的;與生俱來的a inherent /ɪnˈhɪr.ənt/ adv: inherently
  • e.g. He noted that the new system is inherently flawed.
  • e.g. There are dangers/risks inherent in almost every sport.
  • e.g. I have an inherent distrust of lawyers.
• 勵志的;鼓舞人心的；激勵人心的a inspirational /ˌɪn.spəˈreɪ.ʃən.əl/ e.g. He gave an inspirational reading of his own poems.
• 令人鼓舞的；振奮人心的a encouraging
• 艱難費力的a arduous /ˈɑːr.dʒu.əs/ e.g. an arduous climb/task/journey
• 艱深的a difficult to understand
• 艱深的;深奧的a abstruse /æbˈstruːs/ e.g. an abstruse philosophical essay
• 光滑的;平滑的a smooth

健康;生理；心理

• 精神
  • 空虛的a empty e.g. The general doesn’t want to retire and lead a vacant life.
  • 空虛的a vacant e.g. The general doesn’t want to retire and lead an empty life.
  • 心理情緒突然感受到 well up
    • e.g. Are you welling up.
    • e.g. And at that moment, I started to well up.
  • 有精神 energy e.g. Why is he always full of energy?
  • 傷腦筋的a nerve-racking
    • e.g. a job interview can also be very nerve-racking
    • e.g. nerve racking time
  • 傷神的；費神的；傷腦筋的a tiring
  • 費時費力的;耗精神的a demanding e.g. a demanding job/task
  • 耗時的a time-consuming
  • 省時的a time-saving
  • 歇斯底里n hysteria /hɪˈstɪr.i.ə/ a: hysterical
    • e.g. One woman, close to hysteria, grabbed my arm.
    • e.g. Calm down, you’re getting hysterical.
  • 精神不正常的a disturbed /dɪˈstɝːbd/ e.g. a centre for emotionally/mentally disturbed teenagers
  • 精神創傷的a traumatic /trɑːˈmæt̬.ɪk/
    • e.g. Some of the most disturbed children had witnessed really traumatic things, such as rape and murder.
• 身體反應
  • 耳嗚n tinnitus /ˈtɪn.ɪ.təs/
  • 脫水v dehydrate a: dehydrated n: dehydration
  • 補水v hydrate a: hydrated
  • 讓我喘口氣 let me catch my breath
  • 倒抽氣vn喘氣v gasp
    • e.g. He gave a gasp of amazement.
    • e.g. When she saw the money hidden in the box she gasped in surprise.
    • e.g. He pulled her aboard the boat and she sprawled on the deck, coughing and gasping for breath.
  • 喘(運動後) out of breath e.g. I’m a little out of breath from walking up all those stairs.
  • 喘(運動後)a winded e.g. Mark is so unfit - he gets winded just from walking up a flight of stairs.
  • 喘(運動後)v huff and puff e.g. We were huffing and puffing by the time we’d climbed to the top of the hill.
  • 喘氣v puff
  • 喘息v wheeze a: wheezy
    • e.g. He took a few wheezy breaths.
    • e.g. I could hear the old man behind me wheezing.
• 醫院;醫學
  • 腫瘤 tumour /ˈtuː.mɚ/
    • 惡性 malignant tumour /məˈlɪɡ.nənt/
    • 良性 benign tumour
  • 保健室;小醫院n infirmary
  • 催眠師 hypnotist /ˈhɪp.nə.tɪst/ 催眠n: hypnosis /hɪpˈnəʊ.sɪs/
    • e.g. Under deep hypnosis she remembered the traumatic events of that night.
  • 催眠n trance
    • e.g. When a hypnotist puts you in(to) a trance, you no longer have conscious control of yourself.
    • e.g. The DJ put me in a trance.
    • e.g. First she goes/falls into a deep trance, and then the spirit voices start to speak through her.
  • 治療 treatment
  • 治療方法 remedy
    • e.g. an effective herbal remedy for headaches
    • e.g. The best remedy for grief is hard work.
  • 解剖學 anatomy /əˈnæt̬.ə.mi/ e.g. An understanding of human anatomy is important to a dancer.
  • 解剖；剖析v dissect
    • e.g. In biology classes we used to dissect rats.
    • e.g. He’s the kind of person who watches a movie and then dissects it for hours.
  • 驗屍；屍體解剖;屍檢;事後反思n post-mortem /ˌpəʊstˈmɔː.təm/ e.g. to conduct a post-mortem examination
  • 驗屍n autopsy /ˈɔː.tɒp.si/
  • 生育v procreate n: procreation e.g. While priests were denied the right to marry and procreate, he said, their situation would remain impossible.
  • 能生育的(動物;植物)a fertile n: fertility <–> 不能生育的a infertile n: infertility
    • e.g. People get less fertile as they get older.
  • 接種疫苗v vaccinate
  • 注射v inject e.g. to inject himself with insulin every day
  • 病房 ward e.g. a geriatric/maternity/psychiatric ward
  • 病床 sickbed / hospital bed
  • 急救 first aid / first-aid
    • e.g. first-aid kit
    • e.g. Did you learn any first aid at school?
    • 急救箱 first-aid kit
  • 結紮v sterilize
    • e.g. After having five children, she decided to be sterilized.
  • 消毒v sterilize
    • e.g. All equipment must be sterilized before use.
    • e.g. to sterilize drinking water
  • 消毒v sanitize a: sanitized e.g. sanitized cans
  • 消毒；殺菌v disinfect /ˌdɪs.ɪnˈfekt/ e.g. disinfect the toilets/a wound
  • 有毒的a toxic e.g. toxic waste/chemicals
  • 有毒的a poisonous e.g. poisonous chemicals/snakes
  • 動手術時 under the knife
• 肢體動作
  • 用手或頭示意對方來v beckon
    • e.g. “Hey you!” she called, beckoning me over with her finger.
    • e.g. He beckoned to me, as if he wanted to speak to me.
  • 持續痛打v clobber
    • e.g. If you do that again, I’ll clobber you (one).
  • 揹v carry (sb + on my back)
    • e.g. I’ll carry you to school.
    • e.g. I’ll carry you on my back to school.
  • 揹v piggy back / n,adv,v piggyback
    • e.g. I gave her a piggyback ride.
    • e.g. Martha rode piggyback on her dad.
    • e.g. Everyone wants to piggyback on the phenomenal success of the TV series.
    • e.g. Little Sally loved to go for a piggy-back ride on his father’s shoulders. e.g. Most of the cases, boys asked by their girl friends for a piggy-back ride should be strong enough to do so.
  • 踏;踩v tread-trod/treaded-trodden
    • e.g. tread in dangerous waters
  • 無精打采的(駝背)nv slouch
    • e.g. Straighten your back - try not to slouch.
    • e.g. He’s developed a slouch from leaning over his books all day.
  • 眨眼v flinch e.g. He didn’t even flinch when the nurse cleaned the wound.
  • 眨眼v wink e.g. Laura winked at me as Stephen turned his back.
  • 用力v tense
    • e.g. Don’t tense your shoulders, just relax.
  • 用力v exert n: exertion
    • e.g. I can lift this box with little exertion.
    • e.g. I exerted all my strength to move the desk.
  • 䏎肉用力v flex your muscles / squeeze your muscles / contract your muscles
    • e.g. When you do this exercise, make sure you flex your muscles the whole time.
  • 活動;用力v flex
    • e.g. First, straighten your legs, then flex your feet.
    • e.g. He tried to impress me by flexing his huge muscles.
  • 點擊螢幕v tap e.g. When I tapped on the update button, the screen went blank.
  • 滾動螢幕v scroll e.g. Scroll to the end of the document.
  • 滑手機;滑螢幕;滑過v swipe e.g. Swipe left to see more search results.
  • 用頭撞;頭捶nv headbutt e.g. It’s gonna be another brutal headbutt.
  • 抱著;捧著v hold e.g. I am holding my baby in my arms.
  • 趴著v plank
  • 俯臥的；趴著的a prone
    • e.g. the last three players are all prone in the grass
    • e.g. The photograph showed a man lying prone on the pavement, a puddle of blood around his head.
  • 滑行前面(蛇)v slither
    • e.g. She watched the snake slither away.
  • 滑行;滑動v glide /ɡlaɪd/
    • e.g. She came gliding gracefully into the ballroom in a long, flowing gown.
    • e.g. We saw a condor gliding high above the mountains.
    • e.g. I love my new pen - it just glides across/over the paper.
  • 踮腳尖nv tiptoe
    • e.g. The children stood on tiptoe in order to pick the apples from the tree.
    • e.g. They walked across the room on tiptoe so as not to wake the baby.
    • e.g. He waited until his daughter was asleep, then tiptoed quietly out of the room.
  • 撥頭髮v flip your hair
  • 跨坐v straddle
  • 肩扛v shoulder e.g. Shouldering her pack, she strode off up the road.
  • 大步；闊步nv stride (strode)
    • e.g. He strode across/into/out of the room.
  • 跳越nv leap
    • e.g. With one leap he crossed the stream.
    • e.g. I leaped up to answer the phone.
  • 結巴地說(害怕;焦慮)v stammer /ˈstæm.ɚ/ e.g. “Wh-when can we g-go?” she stammered.
  • 口吃v stutter /ˈstʌt̬.ɚ/ e.g. “C-c-can we g-go now?” stuttered Jenkins.
  • 噓聲;吹口哨nv catcall [ˈkæt.kɔːl] / cat call e.g. An attractive woman like her would often get catcalled.
  • 尖叫(東西;人)v squeal
    • e.g. The brakes squealed as the van rounded the corner.
    • e.g. The two children squealed with joy.
  • 尖叫nv shriek /ʃriːk/
    • e.g. shrieks of delight
    • e.g. I tried to apologize, but he just shrieked abuse at me.
  • 尖叫v scream e.g. A spider landed on her pillow and she screamed.
  • 貓咪呼嚕v purr
  • 貓叫 v meow
  • 吼叫v growl /ɡraʊl/
    • e.g. The dog growled at her and snapped at her ankles.
    • e.g. “Not now, I’m busy,” he growled.
  • 吼；兇(人;動物;狗叫)v bark
    • e.g. There’s no need to bark at me.
    • e.g. The sergeant barked (out) a succession of orders to the new recruits.
  • 吼叫(人,動物)v roar e.g. We could hear the lions roaring at the other end of the zoo.
  • 打巴掌nv slap
    • e.g. She gave her son a slap for behaving badly.
    • e.g. She slapped his face.
  • 打v smack
    • e.g. smack the ketchup bottle
    • e.g. smack your bottom
  • 拍打v flap
    • e.g. Flags flapped in the breeze above their tents.
    • e.g. A small bird flapped its wings furiously and flew off.
  • 拍打(用手;扁的東西)v swat
    • e.g. I swatted the fly with a rolled-up newspaper.
  • 拍屁股；打屁股v spank
  • 隨手亂畫v doodle
    • e.g. She’d doodled all over her textbooks.
    • e.g. to doodle on the notepad
  • 徒手畫的(沒用儀器)a freehand e.g. a freehand sketch
  • 草圖 sketch
  • 草稿nv draft e.g. to draft the plans
  • 概術草擬v sketch out
    • e.g. sketch out a plan
    • e.g. She sketched out the plan in a few brief sentences.
  • 親熱(廣義)v make out e.g. make out with her
  • 餵食v feed-fed-fed
    • e.g. he usually feeds her / feed your dog on biscuits
    • e.g. these larvae feed on mulberry leaves
  • 哺乳v breastfeed
    • 哺乳區 breastfeeding area
  • 向上爬v climb 登山者n climber
  • 小心移動v pussyfoot e.g. they make a great show of pussyfooting through the greenery
  • 小心移動;匍伏前進 creep
    • def: to move slowly, quietly, and carefully, usually in order to avoid being noticed
    • e.g. She turned off the light and crept through the door.
  • 地上爬;匍伏v crawl
  • 攀登v scramble up e.g. She scrambled up the steep hillside and over the rocks.
  • 跌倒v fall down
  • 絆倒v trip e.g. He tripped and fell down, grazing his knee.
  • 跌倒;絆倒v stumble e.g. Running along the beach, she stumbled on a log and fell on the sand.
  • 擦傷;擦過;劃過v graze
    • e.g. He fell down and grazed his knee.
    • e.g. He was lucky, the bullet just grazed his leg.
  • 擦傷；刮壞v scrape
    • e.g. Jackie fell over and scraped her knee
    • e.g. I was woken up by the noise of branches scraping against my bedroom window.
  • 擦傷;劃到v scratch
    • e.g. We scratched the wall trying to get the bed into Martha’s room.
    • e.g. Be careful not to scratch yourself on the roses.
    • e.g. I scratched some paint off the door as I was getting out of the car.
  • 甩v pull away / yank away e.g. I grabbed her hand but she yanked/pulled her hand away.
  • 盪;甩v swing
    • e.g. He walked briskly along swinging his rolled-up umbrella.
    • e.g. I am going to swing this rope so you can catch the other end of the rope.
  • 猛拉；扯到v yank
    • e.g. He tripped over the cord and yanked the plug out.
    • e.g. “No gym shorts that can be yanked down.” Leonard said.
  • 猝然一動；猛推；急拉vn jerk
    • e.g. The car made a strange noise and then jerked to a halt.
    • e.g. “What’s wrong?” she asked, jerking her head up.
    • e.g. The alarm went off and he woke up with a jerk.
  • 跳(鳥,蟲, etc.)v hop
  • 伸展;延伸;伸長v stretch
    • e.g. She stretched out her hand and helped him from his chair.
  • 跪v kneel
  • 蹲v squat
  • 屈膝;蹲下v crouch e.g. crouching behind an overstuffed chair
  • 不要一直轉台 stop channel surfing
  • 勒住;勒死；掐死 strangle
  • 揮;揮拳;揮舞v swing
    • e.g. I swung (the bat) and missed.
    • e.g. He swung his fist towards Ben’s face.
  • 輕拍/彈/揮v flick
    • e.g. Just flick it off.
    • e.g. She quickly flicked the crumbs off the table.
    • e.g. He carefully flicked the loose hairs from the shoulders of his jacket.
  • 輕拍;撫摸;愛撫v pat (AU) / pet (US) e.g. pat the little puppy / pat my head / pat me on the head
  • 輕觸；輕碰v dab e.g. She dabbed at her eyes with a tissue.
  • 摸索;摸v grope /ɡroʊp/ 痴漢;性騷擾者n groper
    • e.g. gropers on crowded trains
    • e.g. Oh sure, grope every other male on the planet, draw the line with me. (Sheldon said)
  • 發癢v itch e.g. I can’t wear wool - it makes me itch.
  • 抓癢v scratch
  • 癢的a itchy e.g. My back is very itchy.
  • 搔癢v tickle
  • 怕癢的a ticklish e.g. I’m very ticklish (under my armpits).
  • 快速移動;爭搶v scramble
    • e.g. As the burning plane landed, the terrified passengers scrambled for the door.
    • e.g. People are scrambling to buy property before prices rise even further.
  • 快速移動v spring-sprang/sprung-sprung
    • e.g. I sprang out of bed to answer the door.
    • e.g. The lid of the box sprang shut.
  • 拔；修(毛);撥;彈v pluck
    • e.g. pluck your eyebrows
    • e.g. Caged birds sometimes pluck out their breast feathers.
  • 摟抱v cuddle
  • (舒服的)躺著/靠著v snuggle
    • e.g. The children snuggled up to their mother to get warm.
    • e.g. I was just snuggling down into my warm bed when my phone rang.
  • 靠躺(以舒服的方式)v lounge e.g. We lounge on the couch
  • 躺著；躺下v lie down
    • e.g. He lay down on the bed and tried to relax.
    • e.g. Why don’t you lie down on the sofa for a while?
  • 噘嘴；嘟嘴巴(生氣;性感地) pout e.g. Caroline pouts her lips when she’s putting on lipstick.
  • 嚼v chew
  • 輕推;輕觸(肘)v nudge
    • e.g. The children were giggling and nudging each other.
    • e.g. He nudged the cat off the sofa so that he could sit down.
  • 笨拙的;笨手笨腳的a clumsy
  • 笨手笨腳地做；摸索(手)v fumble e.g. I fumbled with the lock.
  • 笨手笨腳的a ham-fisted e.g. The report criticizes the ham-fisted way in which complaints were dealt with.
  • 穿;紮v prick
    • e.g. Prick the skin of the potatoes with a fork before baking them.
    • e.g. She pricked the balloon with a pin and it burst with a loud bang.
  • 刺穿(動物身體)v impale e.g. The dead deer was impaled on a spear.
  • 刺穿；戳破(小洞)v puncture /ˈpʌŋk.tʃɚ/
    • e.g. The knife went through his ribs and punctured his lung.
  • 刺穿(小孔)v pierce e.g. I couldn’t wear these earrings because my ears aren’t pierced.
  • 刺；捅v stab
    • e.g. She was stabbed several times in the chest.
    • e.g. As she spoke she stabbed the air with her finger.
  • 刺v stick
    • e.g. She stuck the needle into my arm.
    • e.g. A thorn stuck in her finger.
  • 小孔n puncture
    • e.g. My bike has had two punctures in the last three weeks.
  • 小孔；毛孔；氣孔n pore
    • e.g. Sweat passes through the pores and cools the body down.
    • e.g. Pimples form when pores become blocked with dirt.
  • 多孔的；多漏洞的a porous
  • 叉東西v fork
  • 彎腰v stoop
    • e.g. The doorway was so low that we had to stoop to go through it.
    • 卑鄙到做…的地步，墮落到做…的地步v stoop to sth
      • e.g. I don’t believe she would ever stoop to bribery or blackmail.
    • 低聲下氣v stoop to (e.g. ask)
      • e.g. They will never stoop to ask.
  • 彎腰v bend
  • 輕拍；輕敲(連續)v tap e.g. The branches tapped against the window.
  • 錘v hammer
    • e.g. Can you hold this nail in position while I hammer it into the door?
• 非肢體動作;聲音;言語
  • 嘖嘖聲(不贊同)v cluck e.g. to cluck in disapproval/amazement
  • 呻吟v moan e.g. “Let me die,” he moaned.
  • 呻吟nv groan e.g. We could hear the groans of the wounded soldiers.
  • 卑躬屈膝v grovel /ˈɡrɑː.vəl/
    • to grovel to get Penny
    • e.g. He sent a grovelling note of apology.
  • 打飽嗝nv burp / v: belch
    • e.g. He belched noisily.
    • e.g. The taxi driver’s constant belching was disgusting.
    • e.g. It is rude to burp loudly in public.
  • 打嗝(不自主的)nv hiccup /ˈhɪk.ʌp/ e.g. I can’t stop hiccuping - does anyone know a good cure?
  • 打呼 snore
  • 打哈欠 yawn
  • 打噴嚏 sneeze
  • 吸鼻子 snuffle [ˈsnʌf.əl]／ sniffle [ˈsnɪf.əl] a: sniffing e.g. sniffing sound / He was snuffling and blowing his nose.
  • 鼻子噴氣v snort e.g. He did an impression of a horse snorting.
  • 挖鼻孔 pick nose
  • 擤鼻涕 blow your nose
  • 勃起n stiffy e.g. get/have a stiffy / no public stiffy control
  • 勃起n boner
  • 勃起n hard-on e.g. to have a hard-on
  • 豎立v勃起a erect
    • e.g. They erected a marquee to accommodate 500 wedding guests.
    • e.g. an erect penis
  • 下垂v droop /druːp/
    • e.g. The flowers were drooping in the heat.
    • e.g. I can see you’re tired because your eyelids have started to droop.
  • 掛;吊v hang
  • 垂掛的a dangly earrings
  • 右撇子 n: righty adv: right-handed e.g. I’m a righty. / I’m right-handed.
  • 左撇子 n: lefty / left-handedness adv: left-handed e.g. I’m left-handed.
  • 哼(歌)v hum e.g. hum songs
  • 害怕v fear
  • 害怕v scare e.g. Sudden noises scare her.
  • 生活在..陰影中 living in fear of somebody
    • e.g. I am tired of living in fear of this guy.
    • e.g. You know what? I am tired of living in fear of this guy.
  • 陰影(害怕)n shadow
    • e.g. People living on a hillside live under the shadow of mudslides.
    • 走出某人強加在我身上的陰影 get out of the shadow of somebody = walk out of the shadow of somebody
    • e.g. It’s time to get out of his shadow.
  • 非常擔心/害怕v dread e.g. He’s dreading the exam - he’s sure he’s going to fail.
  • 白吃；白喝;佔別人便宜vn mooch
    • e.g. Nobody needs a mooch living in their house forever. (Bernadette said)
    • e.g. You’re old enough to get a job and stop mooching off your family.
    • e.g. He mooched a few beers from me as we watched the game.
  • 白吃；白拿v sponge off
    • e.g. sponging off the state
    • e.g. Don’t you even feel a little bad sponging off your friends?
• 外在;外表
  • 高壯迷人的a hunky e.g. I think he’s quite hunky
  • 皺紋 wrinkle(s)
  • 皺紋 crease(s)
  • 皺紋(笑的時候) laughter line
  • 審美觀 beauty standard
  • 內在美 inner beauty e.g. Inner beauty always outweighs outer beauty.
  • 外在美 outer beauty
  • 身高
    • 高 hight
    • 矮 short
    • 中間 they are of medium height / there are of average height
  • 體型
    • inoffensive
      • lighter: slender / slim / slight / lean / petite(female) / lanky(高瘦)
      • heavier: curvy / curvaceous / womanly / voluptuous(big bum/boobs) / tokcy(man) / well built(man) / muscly(man)
    • offensive
      • lighter: underweight / skinny / bony
      • heavier: plump / chubby / round (前三個都是小胖) / overweight / large / big / heavy
    • 小隻馬 tiny girl / small girl / petite
    • 辣媽；人妻 MILF (Mother I Like to Fuck)
    • 鄰家女孩型的a girl-next-door n: girl next door e.g. girl-next-door type
  • 髮色
    • I have blonde hair
    • I am blonde-haired / I am black-haired.
    • white / grey / platinum blonde (white-blonde hair) / blonde / golden / dirty blonde / strawberry blond (blonde~ginger) / ginger / red / mousy (灰褐色的) brown (light brown) / brown / brunette / dark brown / black
  • 髮長
    • bald n: baldness / short / a bob haircut / shoulder-length / medium-length / long
    • 頭髮多長 My hair goes down to my armpit/waist.
    • 禿的a follically challenged / follicly challenged e.g. My father is severely follicly challenged, but he’s learned to cope without resorting to a toupee or a combover.
  • 髮型 hair texture
    • straight hair / wavy hair / curly hair / afro (黑人的自然捲髮)
  • 髮質 quality
    • softy / silky / shiny / damaged / dry = straw-like
  • 膚色
    • white = fair / pale / tanned (UK) = tan (US) / brown / black = dark
  • 眼睛顏色
    • I have grey eyes.
    • I am grey-eyed.
    • blue / brown / green / black / grey / hazel (綠褐色，黃褐色)
  • 嘴脣
    • lip shape
    • thin / full / pouty (性感;翹)
  • 鼻子
    • big / small; small nose = button nose / a crooked nose 歪 / straight / hooked nose （鷹勾) / turned up nose = upturned nose (微往上翹)
  • 臉型 face shap
    • oval 鵝蛋 / round / heart-shaped (尖下巴) / square
  • 大致上外表 general appearance
    • (unisex, positive): attractive / beautiful / stunning / handsome(male) / pretty (female)
    • (unisex, negative): ugly / plain
    • unisex: masculine / feminine / boyish / manly / girly / womanly
  • 裸體n nudity
  • 邋遢的a unkempt /ʌnˈkempt/ e.g. unkempt appearance
  • 邋遢的(polite)a dishevelled /dɪˈʃev.əld/
    • e.g. look disheveled
    • 外在邋遢或穿著邋遢 e.g. with an unkempt appearance
    • e.g. You’re looking a bit dishevelled - perhaps you can go and straighten up before the presentation
    • e.g. Am I looking a bit dishevelled or am I ok?
  • 臉部巡遢a poorly groomed e.g. The poorly groomed man went six months without having a haircut because he had no money.
  • 鬢角 sideburn(s)
  • 未括鬍的a unshaven /ʌnˈʃeɪ.vən/
  • 鬍渣n stubble
  • 鬍鬚(嘴唇上的) moustache
  • 刮鬍刀 razor
  • 刮鬍子 shave / trim (小修)
    • he is shaving
    • 刮落腮鬍 shave his beard off
    • he is shaving his armpits/chest.
  • 與明星或sb外貌相似的人 doppelganger
  • 年輕的a youthful e.g. A youthful president
  • 臉變紅 flush e.g. flush with pleasure
  • 憔悴的a haggard /ˈhæɡ.ɚd/ e.g. He’d been drinking the night before and was looking a bit haggard.
  • 樂觀n optimism a: optimistic 者n: optimist
  • 悲觀n pessimism a: pessimistic 者n: pessimist
    • e.g. The doctors are pessimistic (= not hopeful) about his chances of recovery.
• 身體部位
  • 子宮 uterus /ˈjuː.tər.əs/
  • 腳底;鞋底 sole
  • 繭 callus(es) / callous
  • 胃 tummy e.g. a tummy ache
  • 肚子 belly
  • 符合人體工學的a ergonomic /ˌɜːɡəˈnɒmɪk/ e.g. ergonomic keyboard
  • 甲狀線na thyroid /ˈθaɪ.rɔɪd/ e.g. thyroid gland
  • 贅肉n flab e.g. I need to lose this flab on my belly!
  • 肚臍n navel / belly button
  • 腰n waist
  • 腰的a lumbar e.g. lumbar support (椅子上可以支撐腰的)
  • 屁股 bottom / bum
  • 屁股n butt
  • 屁股的一邊n buttock
  • 頭皮 scalp
  • 瀏海 bangs / a fringe
  • 陰部的a pubic
    • 陰毛 pubic hair
    • 陰部 the pubic area
  • 眼皮 lid / eyelid
  • 眼屎 sleep e.g. You have sleep in the corner of your eye.
  • 雙眼皮a double-eyelid
  • 眼睫毛 eyelashes
  • 眼藥水 eye drops
  • 視力 eyesight
    • e.g. He has good/poor eyesight.
  • 視力檢查 eye test
  • 唇 lip
  • 鼻孔n nostril/ˈnɑː.strəl/
  • 腋下 armpits
  • 睪丸 testicles
  • 指甲 nail
    • 指甲剪 nail clipper
  • 姆指 thumb / big toe
  • 食指 index finger / index toe / long toe / second toe / forefinger
  • 中指 middle finger / middle toe
  • 無名指 ring finger / fourth toe
  • 小指 little finger / pinky / little toe / pinky toe / baby toe
  • 脛部；小腿前側n shin /ʃɪn/
  • 小腿肚;小腿 calf(calves)
  • 大腿 thigh /θaɪ/
  • 腿毛 leg hair
  • 肋骨;胸腔 rib cage / ribcage
  • 腳跟 heel
  • 腳踝 ankle
  • 腹肌n abs / abdominals /æbˈdɑː.mə.nəlz/ e.g.
  • 括約肌 sphincter
  • 鎖骨 collarbone
  • 鼻竇 sinus /ˈsaɪ.nəs/
  • 腸 bowel / gut e.g. bowel cancer
  • 腸 intestine / /ɪnˈtes.tɪn/
  • 乳溝 cleavage
  • 南半球 underboob
  • 股溝 butt crack
  • 手底板 the hand palm
  • 腳底板 palm of the foot
  • 肩甲骨 collar bone
  • 手肘 albow
  • 奶 breast / boobs
  • 奶頭 nipple
  • 小腿肌 calf muscle
  • 膝蓋骨 knee cap
  • 腎上腺素 adrenalin /əˈdren.əl.ɪn/
  • 胃的a gastric /ˈɡæs.trɪk/ e.g. gastric juices
  • 胃潰瘍 a gastric ulcer
  • 胃不舒服 upset stomach / stomach gets upset
    • e.g. my stomach always gets upset
    • e.g. I have an upset stomach.
  • 酒窩 dimple
  • 屁股下巴 chin dimple
  • 鎖骨 collarbone
• 受傷
  • 石膏 plastic cast e.g. Her leg was in a plastic cast.
  • 凍傷n frostbite /ˈfrɑːst.baɪt/ e.g. She has severe frostbite on her hands and feet.
  • 瘀傷;黑青；瘀青n bruise(s) /bruːz/ a: bruised e.g. his eye was bruised
  • 傷口n cut(s)
  • 破皮nv peel
  • 流鼻血n nosebleed e.g. She gets/has a lot of nosebleeds.
  • 刺痛；陣痛n twinge e.g. I felt a twinge in my knee
  • 割包皮v circumcise /ˈsɝː.kəm.saɪz/ n: circumcision /ˌsɝː.kəmˈsɪʒ.ən/
• 痛；疾病；過敏;症狀
  • 耳嗚 tinnitus /ˈtɪn.ɪ.təs/
  • 癲癇症 epilepsy /ˈep.ɪ.lep.si/ a: epileptic /ˌep.ɪˈlep.tɪk/
    • e.g. She can’t drive because she suffers from/has epilepsy.
  • 症狀 symptom
  • 脫臼v dislocate e.g. I dislocated my shoulder.
  • 損傷;傷害(人體);病變n lesion(s) e.g. skin/brain lesions
  • 關節炎 arthritis /ɑːˈθraɪ.tɪs/
  • 發炎v inflame n: inflammation /ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən/
    • e.g. the finger joints were inflamed with rheumatoid arthritis
  • 隱隱作痛是輕微,不嚴重的疼痛 mild pain
  • 抽痛;陣痛v throb /θrɑːb/
    • e.g. My teeth throbbed with pain.
    • e.g. His head throbbed, and his body ached.
    • e.g. The throbbing pain in his leg was becoming unbearable.
  • 分娩痛(陣痛) labor pains
  • 憂鬱症 depression
  • 腄瘤；腄塊n tumour /ˈtuː.mɚ/ e.g. a brain tumour
  • 腦麻 cerebral palsy
  • 腦震盪n concussion
  • 過敏n allergy(allergies) /ˈæl.ə.dʒi/ adj: allergic /əˈlɜː.dʒɪk/
    • e.g. I’m allergic to cats. / an allergy to wheat
    • e.g. Many people with allergies hate the spring.
  • 痛苦的(因為某事)a harrowing /ˈher.oʊ.ɪŋ/
    • e.g. a harrowing story/journey
    • e.g. For many women, the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in a rape case can be too much to bear.
  • 極痛苦n agony e.g. She lay there screaming in agony. / I was in agony.
  • 劇烈疼痛;極痛苦的a excruciating /ɪkˈskruː.ʃi.eɪ.t̬ɪŋ/
    • e.g. an excruciating pain in the lower back
    • e.g. the pain was excruciating
  • 登革熱 dengue fever
  • 植物人 vegetable 狀態n in vegetative state e.g. He wound up in a vegetative state
  • 病態的；有病的a pathological /ˌpæθ.əˈlɑː.dʒɪ.kəl/ e.g. a pathological liar / pathological gambling
  • 呼吸的a respiratory /rɪˈspɪr.ə.tər.i/ e.g. respiratory diseases
  • 管;道(人體) tract e.g. the urinary/respiratory/digestive tract
  • 傳染性的a contagious n: contagion
    • e.g. The doctor says there’s no chance/danger of contagion.
    • e.g. I hope you’re not contagious.
  • 傳染的a communicable e.g. In this period, there were 974 outbreaks of communicable disease attributed to the consumption of raw milk.
  • 被他傳染疾病 catch (疾病) from sb e.g. She caught a cold from her sister.
  • 感染 infection 有傳染性的a infectious
    • e.g. e.g. an infectious disease / enthusiasm and energy are infectious
    • e.g. upper repiratory tract infection
  • 流行性(急病)n epidemic
    • e.g. Many epidemics, such as malaria, are spread by insects.
    • e.g. A flu epidemic in 1918 killed a lot of people.
  • 打針v have/get/receive a shot
    • e.g. I got a shot at the hospital yesterday.
    • e.g. You normally receive tetanus shots in the shoulder muscle.
  • 針疚n acupuncture /ˈæk.jə.pʌŋk.tʃɚ/
  • 針疚師n acupuncturist
  • 失眠(者)n insomnia (insomniac)
    • e.g. Holly suffered from insomnia caused by stress at work.
    • e.g. Alcohol is a bad treatment for insomnia
  • 神經失常/衰弱n mental breakdown / nervous breakdown
  • 麻醉劑n anaesthetic /ˌæn.əsˈθet̬.ɪk/ (UK) usually anesthetic (US) e.g. The operation is performed under anaesthetic.
  • 麻醉狀態 anesthesia / anaesthesia [ˌæn.əsˈθiː.zi.ə]
  • 麻醉劑 narcotic /nɑːrˈkɑːt̬.ɪk/
  • 麻醉消退 wear off e.g. The anesthesia(/ˌæn.əsˈθiː.zi.ə/) wore off about an hour after surgery.
  • 精神分裂症n schizophrenia /ˌskɪt.səˈfriː.ni.ə/ 患者n schizophrenic /ˌskɪt.səˈfren.ɪk/
  • 自閉症n autism ​ /ˈɑː.t̬ɪ.zəm/
  • 破傷風 tetanus /ˈtet.ən.əs/
  • 糖尿病n diabetes /ˌdaɪ.əˈbiː.t̬əs/
  • 糖尿病患者na diabetic /ˌdaɪ.əˈbet̬.ɪk/
  • 鬥雞眼的a cross-eyed
  • 香港腳 athlete’s foot
  • 蘿蔔腿 muscular calves
  • 黑眼圈 dark circles
  • 潰瘍 ulcer e.g. a mouth/stomach ulcer
  • 潰傷 canker
  • 嘴巴破洞;嘴破 canker sore
  • 牙齦 gums
  • 水腫 edema / oedema (US) /ɪˈdiː.mə/
  • 膿腫n abscess /ˈæb.ses/
  • 粉刺;面皰;青春痘 acne /ˈæk.ni/
  • 青春痘 pimple / zit
  • 黑頭粉刺 blackhead
  • 面膜 facial mask
  • 痘疤 pockmark
  • 近視n myopia a: myopic
  • 近視的a nearsighted / shortsighted
    • 我有近視 e.g. I am nearsigted.
  • 痛 pain e.g. I feel pain / I am in pain
  • 痛(持續的);痠(在英文裡 = 痛)n ache e.g. I’ve got a dull (= slight) ache in my lower back.
  • 腳痠；腳累 My feet are about to fall off / My legs are tired / My feet are killing me / I can’t feel my legs.
  • 背痠n backache / back hurts / have pain in my back e.g. Gardening gives me such backache.
  • (肩膀)痛 have got a pain in my shoulder
  • 藥片 tablet(s) /ˈtæb.lət/
  • 止痛藥 painkiller
  • 月經 menstrual period / period(s) [ˋmɛnstrʊəl]
  • 經痛 menstrual pain [ˈmen.strəl] / menstrual cramps
  • 月經中 on one’s period e.g. I can’t have cold drinks right now since I’m on my period.
  • 身體不適;狀態不好;感覺生病 (feel) under the weather e.g. I’m feeling a bit under the weather, I think I’m getting a cold.
  • 身體不適;狀態不好;感覺生病 feel ill / be ill / be in a bad way e.g. I am generally in a bad way.
  • 月經 menstruate /ˈmen.stru.eɪt/
  • 生病;患上；染上v come down with
    • e.g. I think I’m coming down with something serious.
    • e.g. come down with something seriou
  • 病得很重 sb is very sick
  • 潛伏期 incubation period
  • 診斷(醫療) checkup e.g. have a checkup
  • 診斷v diagnose /ˈdaɪ.əɡ.nəʊz/ n: diagnosis /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnəʊ.sɪs/
  • 流鼻水(單純表達流鼻水) runny nose e.g. I’ve got a runny nose.
  • 流鼻水(流個不停) running nose
  • 擦鼻涕 wipe his snot(鼻涕)
  • 鼻的a nasal
  • 鼻涕n snot / mucus [ˈmjuː.kəs]
  • 鼻塞 congested nose / clogged nose / blocked nose / nasal congestion / stuffy nose
  • 我鼻塞了 my nose is blocked
  • 鼻屎 booger
  • 耳屎 earwax
  • 頭皮屑 dandruff /ˈdæn.drʌf/
  • 減緩鼻塞的藥 decongestant
  • 鼻子暢通 my sinuses are pressure-free
  • 口水n saliva /səˈlaɪ.və/
  • 口水n spit / spittle
  • 痰 phlegm /flem/
  • (動物)口水nv drool
  • 痛的(喉嚨;肌肉;眼睛)a sore e.g. I have a sore throat
  • 頭痛 have a headache
  • 偏頭痛n migraine /ˈmiː.ɡreɪn/ e.g. Do you suffer from migraines? / get a migraine / sth gives us a migraine
  • 重感冒 have a bad cold
  • 高燒 have a fever
  • 39度發燒 she got a fever, and she is at 39 degree.
  • 退燒 my fever is gone
  • 咳嗽 have a cough
  • 喉嚨痛 have a sore throat
  • 清喉嚨 clear sb’s throat
  • 大便(寵物) poop e.g. Your puppy’s just pooped right outside my front door.
  • 便秘a constipated /ˈkɑːn.stə.peɪ.t̬ɪd/ n: constipation e.g. If you ate more fibre you wouldn’t get constipated. /ˈfaɪ.bɚ/
  • 痔瘡n hemorrhoids (UK) / haemorrhoids (US)
  • 上廁所
    • 憋尿 hold your urine / hold your pee
    • 正式
      • 尿尿 pee e.g. to go for a pee / have a pee.
      • 小號v urinate [ˈjʊə.rɪ.neɪt] / n: urination
      • 大號v make a bowel movement
      • 小號(一般) go number one / take a number one
      • 大號(一般) go number two / take a number two
      • 拉肚子 get the runs / have the runs / have loose bowels [ˈbaʊ.əl] / have diarrhea(US) diarrhoea(UK) / get diarrhoea
        • e.g. Curious Why Coffee Gives You the Runs?
    • 非正式
      • 大號v take a dump / take a shit
      • 小號v to piss / take a piss / take a leak
      • 吃壞肚子 I ate something bad.
      • 肚子痛
        • e.g. I ate something that was off and now I have stomach pains
        • e.g. I ate something and it didnt agree with me
  • 扭傷v twist e.g. you twisted your ankle
  • 扭傷v sprain e.g. She sprained her ankle playing squash.
  • 抽筋nv cramp e.g. I’ve got cramp in my foot.
  • 抽筋n spasm /ˈspæz.əm/ e.g. My leg suddenly went into spasm.
  • 氣喘(患者)n asthma adj: asthmatic
  • 藥量；劑量n dosage
  • 藥片 tablet e.g. a sleeping tablet / one tablet twice a day
  • 清醒；未醉n sobriety a: sober
  • 微醉的a tipsy
  • 戒酒的;反酒的a teetotal
  • 抗生素 antibiotic /ˌæn.t̬i.baɪˈɑː.t̬ɪk/
• 牙齒；口腔
  • 牙結石 plaque
  • 牙線 floss /flɑːs/
  • 牙痛 toothache
  • 蛀牙 cavity [ˋkævətɪ]
  • 智齒 wisdom teeth
  • 補牙的填充物 filling e.g. I have a filling in my tooth today.
  • 拔牙n extraction e.g. She had two extractions.
  • 拔牙v extract e.g. The tooth was eventually extracted.
  • 洗牙n teeth scaling e.g. I would like to make an appointment with Doctor Lee at seven next Monday night for teeth scaling.
• 狀態
  • 半夢半醒的a drowsy
  • 想睡的a sleepy
  • 心肺功能 cardiopulmonary function /ˌkɑːr.di.oʊˈpʊl.mə.ner.i/
  • 肌肉強度 muscular strength
• XX恐懼症 XX phobia e.g. clown phobia
• 懼高症 acrophobia / the fear of heights / be afraid of heights e.g. if you are very afraid of heights
• 耐力；持久力 stamina /ˈstæm.ə.nə/ e.g. to build up your stamina / sexual stamina
• 不健康的a unfit e.g. Are you all right ? No, I am not. I’m just unfit.
• 健康的a fit e.g. I jog to keep fit. / stay fit
• 淺眠 light sleep <–> 熟睡 deep sleep
• 熬夜 stay up late
  • e.g. she stayed up late watching TV
  • e.g. I stayed up late last night preparing for my final exam.
• 排泄v excrete /ɪkˈskriːt/ e.g. Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body.
• 發作n the onset of sth
  • you can indeed figure out the onset of mania from social media posts before clinical symptoms
  • e.g. The new treatment can delay the onset of the disease by several years.
• 復發nv relapse /rɪˈlæps/
  • e.g. She managed to stop using drugs for a month, but then relapsed.
  • e.g. She was looking quite healthy on Friday, but she had/suffered a relapse over the weekend and was taken back into hospital.
• 復發;再次發生n recurrence a: recurrent e.g. The doctor told him to go to the hospital if there was a recurrence of his symptoms.
• 生理節奏的;畫夜的a circadian /sɜːˈkeɪ.di.ən/ e.g. circadian cycle
• 皺眉(因痛)v wince e.g. Did I hurt you? - I thought I saw you wince.
• 保持健康 keep fit
• 練體型 get in better shape

會議

• 用語
  • 你了解了嗎 Do you understand (formal)
    • Am I making sense?
    • Am I making this clear?
    • Did I make myself clear?
    • Does this make sense to you?
  • 了解
    • Gotchya
    • I hear you
    • I see what you mean
    • that’s a good point
    • I can’t agree more
  • 你同意嗎?
    • Are we on the same page
  • 我知道了 I know
    • I see
    • Got it
    • no problem
    • that makes sense
  • 否決
    • 我了解你的意思 I see your point… / I see your point, but…
    • 我了解你想表達的意思 I see what you’re getting at … e.g. I see what you’re getting at. You’re trying to set us up!
    • 我同意、支持你這個想法 I have to side with sb. on this one…
    • 也可以這麼說 (想)，但是我傾向以其他角度看待這件事 That’s one way of looking at it. However I prefer to look at it another way.
    • 另種方式說 put it
      • e.g. I wouldn’t quite put it that way myself, I would say …
      • e.g. let me put it this way
      • e.g. that’s not a really good way to put it
      • e.g. how should I put it
    • 這個想法可行，不過我們也可以 e.g. Well, that’s one way we could go, but what about modifying it a bit? It’ll be more feasible.
  • Opinions
    • I’d like to hear your thoughts on …
    • I’m interested to hear your opinion about this.
    • Would you like to add anything?
  • Interrupt
    • Do you mind if I add to that
    • Can I jump in here?
    • Sorry to interrupt, but I’ve got something to say.
    • Sorry, may I interrupt you for just a moment
    • If I may interrupt you for a minute, I’d like to share something with you.
  • off-topic
    • So anyway, getting back to my story …
    • As I was saying…
    • Where was I? Ah, yes…
  • confirm
    • So, what you’re saying/asking is (repeat back what you heard)
    • So, what you want to know is…
    • Do you mean..?
    • In other words, what you’re saying is
    • I would like to confirm what you said…
    • Excuse me, can I just confirm that…
  • agree
    • Yes! Absolutely!
    • I completely agree with you!
    • I couldn’t agree more!
    • I really strongly agree with you
  • disagree
    • I see what you meant, but …
    • I understand your point of view, but …
    • I can see where you are coming from, but
    • I agree with you up to a point, however…
    • (strong) I don’t fee the say way.
    • (strong) Actually, I don’t quite agree / I disagree.
    • (strong) I’m afraid I don’t agree with you on that.
    • (strong,polite) Respectfully, I have to disagree.
    • (strong,polite) We’ll have to agree to disagree then!
  • change topic
    • That reminds me…
    • Speaking about/of ..
    • Oh, by the way..
    • Oh, while I remember…
    • Before I forget…
    • This has nothing to do with what we are talking about, but…
    • I know this is changing the topic, but…
  • ideas that not everyone’s going to agree with you
    • I know not everyone agrees with me
    • I know this is a contentious issue.
    • It might be an unpopular opinion, but I strongly believe…
    • I don’t see eye-to-eye with everyone on this matter, but I think it’s really important to discuss this.
    • Whilst you may not agree with my views, I’m definitely interested in hearing yours.
    • I’m not trying to ruffle anyone’s feathers here.
  • end the conversation
    • Well, I’d best be off! It’s been great chatting.
    • Anyway, I’d better get back to work.
    • I’m so glad I ran into you! It’s been great catching up.
• 會議(公司內) meeting
• 討論會；研討會(大型) conference
• 討論會；研討會(小型;學術;專題) seminar /ˈsem.ə.nɑːr/ e.g. I attended practically every lecture and seminar when I was a student.
• 會議掛的名牌 badge
• 開幕典禮 opening ceremony
• 閉幕典禮 closing ceremony
• 開場演講 opening remark/statement
• 吸引人(討論)的主題 talking point
  • e.g. Global oil prices were a major talking point amongst investors.
• 主題；要旨 keynote e.g. This issue has become the keynote of the election campaign.
• 主題報告 keynote speech
• 持留保態度;對.有所懷疑;不要相信我說的某個字 take sth with a grain of salt / take sth with a pinch of salt
  • e.g. finally Africans should take what some of their new friends tell them with a pinch of salt
  • e.g. I hear what he said, but I take it with a grain of salt.（我聽到他的話了，但我持保留態度。）
  • e.g. Take what you see on TV news with a grain of salt.
  • e.g. Ha! I’ll take his words with a grain of salt. He said that to Janice last week.
• 場次 session
• 棄權v abstain
  • e.g. 63 members voted in favour, 39 opposed, and 15 abstained.
  • e.g. Two delegates voted against the change and three abstained, out of 2,964 votes.
• 召開；召集；開會v convene /kənˈviːn/
  • e.g. The prime minister convened (a meeting of) his cabinet to discuss the matter.
• 召開會議v hold a meeting e.g. The superintendent holds a short staff meeting every morning.
• 秘密會議/集會n conclave /ˈkɑːn.kleɪv/
• 附議v second a motion
  • p.s. second 是贊同
  • e.g. I second the motion
• 提案n motion
• 調查報告 survey
• 問卷 survey
• 問卷 questionnaire /ˌkwes.tʃəˈner/
• 市場調查 do a market survey
• 議程 agenda e.g. You’ll find a copy of the agenda in the envelope in front of you.
• 緊急會議 emergency meeting e.g. set up an emergency meeting
• 行政會議 administrative meeting
• 企劃案 proposal / project
• 專案小組 project e.g. the team leader for this project
• 代碼 codeword
• 代號n code name v: codename e.g. The project is codenamed “Dragonfly” and has been underway since the spring of 2017, the news website said.
• 筆記 take notes / write that down
• 會議紀錄 minutes / meeting minutes / minutes of meeting
• 寫會議紀錄 take minutes e.g. Do you take minutes, please?
• 寫會議紀錄 keep the minutes e.g. Who is in charge of keeping the minutes this time?
• 紀錄；寫下 record / had the XX procedure recorded / had the XX procedure documented (more formal)
  • e.g. I had the XX procedure recorded.
  • e.g. I recorded the XX procedure in paper.
• 討論事項 discussion
• 會議主題 topics
• 報告事項 announcements
• 決議事項;通過的決議;正式決定 resolution e.g. to approve/adopt a resolution
• 提議;動議(會議中提出準備表決的)n motion e.g. The motion was accepted/passed/defeated/rejected.
• 表決v vote e.g. Well, if there’s no more discussion – we’ll put it to a vote.
• 列出誰應該負責什麼 actions by whom
• 摘要式的重點紀錄 bullet points
• 預計開始時間 scheduled starting time
• 出席者 present / members in attendance
• 無法出席或者請假者 apologies / absent with apologies / regrets
• 下次會議日 date of next meeting
• 請大家確認上次的會議記錄內容 approval of previous meeting minutes
• 記錄v document e.g. I needed some help on documenting this process.
• 第10條C項 Article 10, subsection C
• 導入;引進v introduce
• 導入;引進v phase
  • e.g. The reduction in armed forces will be phased over the next ten years.

職業;職場;工作；商業;開店

• 專業
  • 法醫的a forensic e.g. forensic evidence
  • 專門的；專科的a specialized (US) / specialised (UK) 專業n specialism
  • 專門的;專用的a dedicated e.g. a dedicated computer/camera
  • 專業技能 expertise
  • 專長；專業 specialty e.g. professional specialties
  • 專業 discipline e.g. research and development disciplines
  • 主打的；特有的a proprietary /prəˈpraɪə.ter.i/ e.g. YouTube’s algorithm is proprietary, but here’s what I think is going on.
• 階級
  • 重要伙伴 sidekick
    • e.g. I’ve been his sidekick for long enough - it’s time I found myself something better to do.
  • 等級;階級;份量;重要程度(團體裡) pecking order
  • 低/上層的人 lower/upper economic people
  • 中產階級 middle class
  • 低收家庭 low-income family
  • 中收家庭 middle-income family
  • 小康家庭 well-off family
  • 高收家庭 high-income family
  • 上/中/下層 upper/middle/lower class
  • 下層另一種講法 working class
  • 白領(辦公室) white collar
  • 藍領(勞力) blue collar
  • 粉領(秘書) pink collar
  • 階層 echelon /ˈeʃ.ə.lɑːn/ e.g. the upper echelons of society
  • 血統n lineage /ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ/ e.g. She’s very proud of her ancient royal lineage.
  • 繼承v inherit /ɪnˈher.ɪt/
• 市場；金融
  • 大跌 pullback e.g. The market is overextended and ready for a major pullback.
  • 搖錢樹 cash cow e.g. Parking fines are a cash cow for local government.
  • 硬幣n coinage e.g. So much coinage.
  • 現金券；票券n voucher
  • 兌換(優惠券)v redeem
    • e.g. redeem a coupon/voucher
    • e.g. redeem gift code
  • 換鈔；換零錢
    • 你有??元的零錢嗎 Do you have change for 10 dollars?
    • 我可以把這張十元鈔都換成一塊錢嗎？ Can I get change for 10 dollars in dollar bills?
    • 用 break, 你可以幫我找開這張二十元美金嗎？ Can you break this $20 for me?
    • 我想要小面額的錢，面額不要大於二十元 I would like small denominations, and nothing bigger than a twenty. /dɪˌnɒm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
    • 我要5張20 I would like to have five twenties for the hundred please.
    • 我要一張50,兩張20,一張5,和五張1元票. I would like to have a fifty, twon twenties, one five and five singles.
    • 我要4張20,一張10,和兩張5元票. I would like to have four twenties, one ten and two fives.
    • e.g. Can I have some small bills please?
  • 換外幣;換匯
    • e.g. I’d like to swap some New Taiwan Dollars for U.S. Dollars.
  • 補差額 pay the difference
  • 補發v reissue e.g. Can traveler’s checks be reissued if they are lost or stolen?
  • (visa)金融卡 (Visa) debit card
  • 交易人 trader
  • 股票；股份 share
  • 玩股票 trade stocks
  • 輸股票 lost my money in the stock market
  • 交易所 exchange e.g. Taiwan Stock Exchange
  • 負擔的起的a affordable <–> unaffordable
    • e.g. For many people, this type of treatment remains unaffordable.
  • 報價低於(對手)v undercut
    • e.g. Big supermarkets can undercut all rivals, especially small family-owned shops.
    • e.g. They claim to undercut their competitors by at least five percent.
  • 老鼠會 pyramid scheme
  • 直銷 direct selling
  • 保險(fire,accident) insurance e.g. life incurance
  • 保險(dead) assurance
  • 批發價 wholesale
  • 投機n venture e.g. 商機 business ventures
  • 比價n price comparison
  • 商譽 goodwill e.g. The company’s assets are worth £200 million, plus goodwill.
  • 連鎖店 chain shop e.g. a fast food chain shop
  • 經營權 franchise /ˈfræn.tʃaɪz/ e.g. a fast-food franchise
  • 分店n branch
  • 店舖 parlour /ˈpɑːr.lɚ/ e.g. a beauty parlour / tatoo parlour
  • 指數;指標n index
    • 道‧瓊斯指數 e.g. the Dow Jones Index
    • e.g. Consumer spending is often a good index of public confidence in the economy.
  • 指標n metrics
    • e.g. Do you have any metrics on the rate of usage for the service?
    • e.g. cost/financial metrics
  • 法定貨幣 legal tender
  • 商品;貨物 commodity e.g. The country’s most valuable commodities include tin and diamonds.
  • 保證金 margin
  • 押金 deposit
  • 訂金;頭期款 down payment e.g. Please wire transfer $xxxx down payment for this transaction.
  • 行銷計劃 marketing initiative
  • 行銷策略 marketing strategy
  • 行銷風格 marketing style
  • 行銷活動 marketing campaign
  • 口耳相傳;經過別人口中宣傳an word-of-mouth / word of mouth
    • e.g. It’s always the best advertising word-of-mouth.
  • 侵權v infringe n: infringement /ɪnˈfrɪndʒ.mənt/
    • e.g. They infringed building regulations.
    • e.g. copyright infringement
  • 著作權;版權 copyright
  • 專利 patent
  • 專利組合 patent portfolio / collection of patents
  • 未註冊的；無專利的(藥物或商品)a generic e.g. new generic top-level domains
  • 飽和點 saturation point /sætʃ.əˈreɪ.ʃən ˌpɔɪnt/ 飽和v saturate /ˈsætʃ.ər.eɪt/ 過飽和v oversaturate
    • e.g. The grass had been saturated by overnight rain.
    • e.g. The police saturated the area.
    • e.g. it’s oversaturated
    • e.g. Demand for cars in the developed world will have reached saturation point within 20 years.
  • 以物易物nv barter
    • e.g. He bartered his stamp collection for her comics.
    • e.g. The currency has lost so much of its value that barter has become the preferred way of doing business.
  • 未開發的；未利用的a untapped e.g. untapped assets/resources/markets/talent
  • 省錢的 economical e.g. Biking is economical.
• 職稱；職業
  • 看護 caregiver
  • 警衛；管理員n janitor /ˈdʒæn.ɪ.tər/
  • 空姐 flight attendants
  • 急救醫護人員(非護士/醫生)n paramedic /ˌpær.əˈmed.ɪk/
    • e.g. She is a qualified paramedic.
  • 洗碗工 dishwasher
  • 隨行人員；隨行；隨扈n entourage /ˈɒn.tu.rɑːʒ/
  • 咖啡店店員n barista /bɑːrˈiːs.tə/
  • 保全 a security guard
  • 救生員 lifeguard
  • 按摩師 chiropractor /ˈkaɪ.roʊ.præk.tɚ/
  • 整體師 osteopath /ˈɑː.sti.oʊ.pæθ/
  • 卡通漫畫家 cartoonist
  • 接線生 operator
  • 隨護人員；保鏢 minder
  • 自由工作者 freelancer
  • (汽車)技工 (car) mechanic
  • 水管工人 plumber
  • 電工 electrician
  • 木匠 carpenter
  • 泥水匠 bricklayer
  • 油漆工 painter
  • 維修員 repairman / repairperson / technician / maintenance man
  • 管道安裝或修理工人 pipe fitter
  • 技工/技術人員 mechanic / technician
  • 技工 tradespeople
  • 修理工人 repairman / repairperson
  • 維修人員 maintenance man/person [ˈmeɪn.tən.əns]
  • 外送員 delivery man e.g. Pizza delivery man
  • 家庭主婦/夫 housewife / homemaker (較好) / stay-at-home-husband / stay-at-home-mon
  • 空服員 flight attendant
  • 演藝人員 entertainer
  • 銀行行員 teller
  • 職員 clerk / staff e.g. bank clerk
  • 推銷員 sales rep(s) / salesperson
  • 推銷行話 sales pitch e.g. I didn’t want to listen to his sales pitch.
  • 業務員(賣車, etc.) dealer
  • 保姆n babysitter / sitter v: babysit
  • 焊接工 welder
  • 焊接v weld
  • 焊錫n焊v solder e.g. solder things together
  • 小販n pedler / vendor / hawker
  • 送報 paper round e.g. I had a paper round when I was 14.
  • 工匠 craftsman (craftsmen)
  • 新聞主播 newscaster
  • 新聞主播 anchor
  • 女主播 anchorwoman /ˈæŋ.kɚˌwʊm.ən/
  • 記者 correspondent
  • 運動解說 play by play / play-by-play
    • 球賽主講人 play-by-play man
    • e.g. They boarded a bus to Midway Airport with the game in progress and listened to the play-by-play on the radio.
  • 球評 commentator
  • 生產線;流水線 assembly line
  • 生產線組裝員 assembly line worker
  • 作業員 operator e.g. factory operator in electronics company
• 行業；產業;領域
  • 農產品 agribusiness
  • 天文學 astronomy
  • 餐飲業 food service industry / catering
  • 人類學家 anthropologist /ˌæn.θrəˈpɑː.lə.dʒɪst/
  • 製藥的a pharmaceutical /ˌfɑːr.məˈsuː.t̬ɪ.kəl/
  • 精神科醫生 psychiatrist
  • 皮膚科醫生 dermatologist /ˌdɝː.məˈtɑː.lə.dʒɪst/
  • 治療師 therapist
  • 心理醫生 psychologist
  • 光學的a optical
  • 婦產科 gynecology
  • 語言學a linguistic
  • 空氣動力學a aerodynamic /ˌer.oʊ.daɪˈnæm.ɪk/
  • 紡織n textile /ˈtek.staɪl/ e.g. the textile industry
• 出勤 call-out
  • e.g. Many plumbers charge double for an emergency call-out over the weekend.
  • e.g. The mountain rescue service had several call-outs last week.
  • e.g. A normal call-out involves three fire engines; a more serious incident five.
  • e.g. If you need a plumber, find out their call-out charge first.
• 創業
  • 髮型設計師 barber
  • 理髮店 barbershop
• 開始進入狀況 get into the swing of things
  • e.g. It didn’t take him long time to get into the swing of things.
  • e.g. I hadn’t worked in an office for several years, so it took me a while to get back into the swing of it.
• 跳板工作 rebound job
• 退居二線;取得次要位置 take a back seat
  • e.g. Now he’s getting older he’s decided to take a back seat in running the company.
• 工作狂 workaholic
• 乏味的工作v plod
  • e.g. For years, he’s plodded away at the same dull routine job.
• 工作道德 work ethics
• 投標人 tenderer e.g. preferred tenderer
• 簽署v underwrite
• 代言;背書;支持v endorse n: endorsement
  • e.g. Do you know the organic food that she endorses has some problems again?
  • e.g. Do you know the organic food that she endorses has some problems again?
  • e.g. Most of the senators all endorse Mr. Smith for mayor.
  • e.g. celebrity endorsement
• 贊助(商)vn sponsor
• 擔保；保證；作證v vouch /vaʊtʃ/ 憑證;保證人n voucher
  • e.g. As a medical examiner I can vouch that his death was accidental.
  • e.g. Patricia has checked the reports and can vouch for the accuracy of the information.
  • e.g. If she didn’t vouch for you what would thye have done?
• 支持；資助v back
  • e.g. The management has refused to back our proposals.
  • e.g. back him up
• 支持,撐著v hold up e.g. how are you holding up (問候)
• 支持(精神上)v support 支持的a supportive
  • e.g. My father supported the LabourDemocratic Party all his life.
  • e.g. Which team do you support?
• 支撐;撐住;支持(實體上)v prop up /prɒp/
  • e.g. He was sitting upright in his hospital bed, propped up by pillows.
  • e.g. There were the usual bunch of drinkers propped up at (= leaning against) the bar.
  • e.g. How long is the government likely to survive without the US military force there to prop it up?
• 咬緊牙關;硬吞 bite the bullet
• 首當其衝 the brunt of sth
  • 首當其衝 bear the brunt e.g. The infantry has taken/borne the brunt of the missile attacks.
  • e.g. Small companies are feeling the full brunt of the recession.
• 資助;贊助n patronage /ˈpæt.rə.nɪdʒ/ e.g. The charity enjoys the patronage of many prominent local business people.
• 贊助nv sponsor
  • e.g. The golf tournament was sponsored by a foreign airline company.
  • e.g. Athlete’s endorsements and sponsorships can be a very tricky affair when it comes to the Olympics.
• 置入性產品 product placement
• 打廣告;業配nv plug
  • e.g. He made a plug for his new book during the interview.
  • e.g. The actor took every opportunity to plug his new movie.
• 業配文 sponsored posts
• 贊助商 sponsorship
• 贊助者;贊助人 patron
• 電視廣告 TV commercial
• 廣告 advertisement e.g. a television/newspaper advertisement
• 廣告業 advertising
• (工作)簽契約v indenture adj: indentured e.g. He was indentured to a carpenter.
• 簽約v contract
  • e.g. I was contracted for 8 hrs/day in Korea.
  • e.g. Our company was contracted to build shelters for the homeless.
• 簽合約；簽約 sign/make a contract
• 同意書 waiver
• 簽字放棄 sign away
  • e.g. Under the treaty, both sides will sign away a third of their nuclear weapons.
  • e.g. it signed away the entire port with a 99-year lease
• 合約裡刻意印刷小字體的內容;細則 fine print
  • def: The small, often difficult to read text in a document, especially in contracts, advertisements, or official documents, which might include important details and stipulations.
• 免責;否認v disclaim 聲明n: disclaimer e.g. We disclaim all responsibility for this disaster.
• 終止合約 end/terminate a contract
• 違約;違反;破壞nv breach
  • e.g. a violent breach of our republic’s sovereignty
  • e.g. breach a contract
  • in a breach of sth e.g. I’m in breach of my security clearance. (Sheldon said)
  • e.g. in breach of the UK Code
• 違反規則 break the rules e.g. The companies say Jones has broken their rules on hate speech and bullying.
• 違反法律v against
  • e.g. It’s against the law to throw your trash there (= It’s illegal).
  • e.g. It’s against the law (= illegal) to leave children under a certain age alone in the house.
• 違反(無意識地)(規則;法律)v fall foul of sth
• e.g. Manufacturers may fall foul of the new government guidelines.
• 違反v infringe n: infringement
  • e.g. They infringed building regulations.
  • e.g. copyright infringement / minor infringements of the law
• 條款(合約上的) clause
  • e.g. Sheldon had this clause in the Relationship Agreement
  • e.g. removing a clause in the constitution
• 條款n provision e.g. We have inserted certain provisions into the treaty to safeguard foreign workers.
• 合約上的條款 the terms of a contract
  • e.g. The employees should read the terms of their employment contract carefully before they sign it.
• 簽好的合約 signed contract
• 三年合約 be on a three-year contract
• 客戶流失率 churn (rate) e.g. keep churn low
• 協議；承諾 agreement / deal e.g. We have a deal/agreement.
• 條約；公約；合約內的條文 treaty
• 規定 code e.g. to violate university code
• 職業生涯 career path
• 執業者；從業人員n practitioner e.g. a medical practitioner (= a doctor)
• 借調(人力)n secondement
• 交接;移轉n handover / handoff
  • e.g. The United Nations is to supervise the handover of the prisoners of war.
  • e.g. the handoff of power to an interim goverment
• 移交；轉移(權力,職責)v devolve
  • e.g. To be a good manager, you must know how to devolve responsibility downwards.
  • e.g. Those duties will necessarily devolve on/upon me.
• 不在維護的code Legacy code
• 遺留物n leftover
• 留任;遺留下來的東西;包伕n holdover e.g. The coach had a pointed message for newcomers to the team and a reminder for the holdovers.
• 就業 employment
• 臨時工作n gig
• 轉介 referral e.g. The doctor gave him a referral to the consultant.
• 顧問 consultant
• 外包；委外v outsource
• 發案方 client
• 承包商 contractor
• 轉包商 subcontractor
• 上線了 It’s officially alive.
• 股東 stockholder (US) / shareholder (UK) / stakeholder
• 有限公司：Co., Ltd / CO., LTD.
• 子公司n subsidiary /səbˈsɪd.i.er.i/
• 血汗公司 sweatshop
• 員工留職率 employee retention
• 曠工 absenteeism
• 工會 union
• 結束經營v close down / fold (up)
  • e.g. They closed down the company.
  • e.g. He decided to fold (up) the business
• 破產 v: bankrupt, n: bankruptcy
• 破產的a broken e.g. two broken girls
• 倒閉；死亡n demise e.g. The demise of the company was sudden and unexpected.
• 歇業；倒閉= shut down / close down / close permanently
• 破產；倒閉v go under / go broke e.g. Jake’s restaurant went under two months ago.
• 關稅 tariff /ˈtær.ɪf/
  • e.g. the US could impose tariffs
  • e.g. Donald Trump has said he will raise tariffs on $200bn (£152bn) of Chinese goods,
• 公司重整: restructuring
• 法人說明會 earnings call
• 招募員n recruiter
• 面試官n interviewer
• 面試員n interviewee
• 裁員v lay-laid off/ sack / fire
• 合適的工作或位子 niche
  • e.g. niche tool
  • e.g. He has carved/made a niche for himself as a financial advisor.
  • e.g. These phones are great for HTC’s reputation among the tech savvy but haven’t helped the company carve out a niche.
• 槍法 marksmanship
• 資格證書/證明 qualification
• 資格；證明 credential e.g. She was asked to show her press credentials.
• (證據)確鑿的a damning e.g. damning clues
• 鐵證 smoking gun
• 證據；證明n proof
  • Keep your receipt as proof of purchase.
• 證明；驗證；遺囑n testament
• 證明;表明v attest
  • e.g. to attest their support for the democratic opposition party
  • e.g. As his career attests, he is a world-class tennis player.
• 證明v bear out / bear-born-borne
  • def: to support the truth of something
  • e.g. If you tell them what happened I will bear you out (on it).
• 工作上我喜歡”與人合作”而不是”單打獨鬥” I’m a team player.
• 你有在工作嗎 Are you employed?
• 我目前沒有工作 I’m currently unemployed / I’m between jobs (婉轉)
• 四處找工作 pound the pavement e.g. I have been pounding the pavement since the company I worked for closed.
• 找工作 job hunting(目前沒工作) / job hopping(目前有工作)
• 找到工作;得到工作 land a job
  • e.g. What do you mean? I thought you landed a great job recently, so you must be loaded.
  • e.g. I need to land a good job where I can earn a lot of money.
  • e.g. It is becoming increasingly difficult to land a job in the field of language teaching.
• 前景；美景 viata
  • e.g. As leader, he opened up exciting vistas of global cooperation.
  • e.g. After a hard climb, we were rewarded by a picture-postcard vista of rolling hills under a deep blue summer sky.
• 前景；希望n outlook
  • e.g. The outlook for the economy is bleak.
• 前景 prospect
  • e.g. What do you think of the prospects for this new proposal?
• 希望v hope / in the hope of N. / in the hope that ..
  • e.g. I am in the hope of winning the game.
  • e.g. We are in the hope that he will succeed.
• 抱持/寄託希望 pin one’s hope
  • e.g. Don’t pin your hope on it.
  • e.g. We’re pinning our hopes on keeping these customers.
• 抱著希望 live in hope e.g. I can only live in hope.
• 懷抱希望v cling to sth
  • e.g. I clung to that job.
  • e.g. She clings to the hope that her husband will come back to her.
• 有希望的;光明的;美好的a rosy e.g. to paint a rosy picture
• 有前景的;有前途的a promising e.g. a promising law career
• 前景堪憂的a grim-grimmer-grimmest
  • e.g. The future looks grim
• 沒希望的a bleak-bleaker-bleakest
  • e.g. bleak outlook
  • e.g. the outlook would still be very bleak
  • e.g. The economic outlook is bleak.
• 一線希望 silver lining e.g. Every cloud has a silver lining.
• 收購;買入;回購(股票)n buy-in e.g. She led a buy-in of the group and is now its director.
• 控制股權收購n buyout e.g. a management buyout
• 合併n merger v: merge
  • e.g. After the merger, the company will become the largest in its industry.
  • e.g. The merger of these two companies would create the world’s biggest accounting firm.
• 收購(公司 etc.)獲得n acquisition v: acquire e.g. rejected a Chinese company acquisition of another US chip maker
• 收購n takeover v: take over
  • e.g. They were involved in a takeover last year.
  • e.g. The company he works for has recently been taken over.
• 代購者 agent / broker / middleman(不要用在女性) / purchasing broker e.g. Being a purchasing broker is not as easy as you think. Do you know how much time I spent on answering my clients’ questions?
• 壟斷v monopolise /məˈnɑː.pəl.aɪz/ adv: monopolistically n: monopoly
• 壟斷 corner the market
  • e.g. Our goal is to corner the market nationwide.
• 大量收購；買斷 buy up e.g. The company bought up the entire piece of land.
• 削價競爭v undercut
  • e.g. Big supermarkets can undercut all rivals, especially small family-owned shops.
  • e.g. They claim to undercut their competitors by at least five percent.
• 獨立運作的a stand-alone e.g. stand-alone company
• 獨立製作公司na indie e.g. an indie movie/film/record label
• 宗旨 mission statement
• 開公司 start a business
• 試用期(員工)；試讀期(學生);緩刑 probation e.g. I’m on 3 months probation.
• 股東 shareholders
• 合夥人n associate
• 營業額達v turn over n: turnover
  • e.g. e.g. Our company’s turnover for last year was six million dollars.
  • e.g. The profits are not high, but the company turns over more than $3.5 million every year.
• 員工流動率 staff turnover
  • def: Put simply, staff turnover is the number of employees that leave your company and need replacing in a set amount of time. But which is better, a low staff turnover or a high staff turnover? … We investigate what your employee turnover could say about the happiness of your team.
  • e.g. The large number of temporary contracts resulted in a high turnover of staff.
  • e.g. They’ve had a lot of turnover at the factory recently.
• 龍頭企業 leading enterprises
• 跨國公司 multi-national corporation
• 總公司 headquater
• 子公司 subsidiary /səbˈsɪd.i.er.i/
• 集團 group
• 組職;集團n collective 集體的;共同的a collective adv: collectively
  • e.g. a local artist collective
  • e.g. collective affairs
• 經營;經銷；買賣 deal in e.g. We deal mainly in diamonds and jewelry, occasionally antiques.
• 廠商 producer
• 經銷商 distributor
• 中型零售商 medium-sized retailer
• 經銷公司 dealership
  • e.g. car dealership
  • e.g. Their company has just won the dealership for Rolls-Royce.
• 創業者 entrepreneur
• 創業(精神)n entrepreneurship e.g. He pointed out that the key to entrepreneurship is taking risks.
• 白日起家 start from scratch / start with nothing
  • e.g. The entrepreneur started from scratch and struggled hard to generate profit for his new business.
  • e.g. Steve, a business entrepreneur, started with nothing except a good pair of legs, and founded Apple.
• 感謝函 thank-you note
• 在家接案 work on a piecework basis e.g. I prefer working on a piecework basis to being on a regular salary.
• 我過去有一年接案子生活
  • e.g. I had been living on taking project for a year.
  • e.g. I had been living on case-taking for a year.
  • e.g. I had been working on a piecework basis.
  • e.g. Back then, for about a year, I took cases for a living.
• 靠(職業)過活 do sth for a living e.g. What do you do for a living? (問職業) I’m a software engineer. / I do programming for a living.
• 失業補助 government unemployment benefits
• 失業 be out of work e.g. He has been out of work for months.
• 臨時的工作；臨時的職位n placement e.g. I think we can find a placement for you in the sales department.
• 領域 world e.g. in the world of weather
• 領域;行業 sector e.g. food/financial sector
• 領域 field / domain e.g. Each field has a different specialty.
• 領域(知識；經驗) ground
  • e.g. When the conversation turns to politics he’s on familiar ground.
  • e.g. The lectures covered a lot of ground.
• 引領潮流;開創新潮流n trendsetter adj: trend-setting e.g. a trend-setting cartoonist
• 以經驗為主的；經驗主義的a empirical /emˈpɪr.ɪ.kəl/ adv: empirically
  • e.g. This theory needs to be backed up with solid empirical data/evidence.
• 職業 occupation e.g. Let’s start with your name and occupation.
• 驗收 acceptance e.g. A number of acceptance tests were performed.
• 公司負責人 the person in charge of the company
• 負責人；警司;監督者主管；大樓管理員n superintendent /ˌsuː.pə.rɪnˈten.dənt
  • e.g. The superintendent holds a short staff meeting every morning.
• 總經理 general manager
• 主管 supervisor (more general) / team leader
• 下屬n subordinate /səˈbɔːr.dən.ət/ / underling
• 任務 assignment / task e.g. Do you think everyone can finish the assignment on time?
• 逃避工作的人 goof-off
• 新來的 new e.g. I’m new here.
• 新手;新人 newbie / rookie / new kid on the block / newcomer e.g. He’s a rookie in cooking.
• 新手;菜鳥 novice /ˈnɑː.vɪs/
  • e.g. I’ve never driven a car before - I’m a complete novice.
  • e.g. I’ve never driven a car before - I’m a complete novice.
• 新手 greenhorn
• 老手n old hand e.g. I’m an old hand.
• 資深員工 senior staff
• 主要客戶；重要客戶 key customer
• 勞動基準法 Labor Standards Act
• 加班 work overtime / work late
  • e.g. Would you work overtime today?
  • e.g. I can’t go tonight because I have to work late.
• 額外工作(有時可以代表加班) extra work e.g. Do you have some extra work?
• 使sb無薪假v stand down e.g. stand you down
• 強制休假(類似無薪假)v furlough /ˈfɜː.ləʊ/
  • e.g. After safety concerns, the company furloughed all 4,000 of its employees.
• 加班費 overtime / overtime pay e.g. Will we get paid overtime if we come in on the weekend?
• 資遺費；遺散費 severance /ˈsev.ɚ.əns/
  • e.g. a severance agreement/deal/package
  • e.g. Not even a severance package
• 出差 go on business / to have a business trip e.g. I’m going to Singapore on business.
• 時薪 hourly wage
• 1.5倍 time and a half e.g. We usually get paid time and a half in overtime.
• 2倍 double time
• 利潤 profit
• 利潤 earnings e.g. third-quarter earnings
• 毛利 margin
• 供應商 supplier(s)
• 售後市場的a aftermarket
• 代工 OEM (original equipment manufacturer)
  • e.g. The company’s laptops are made by an OEM partner.
  • e.g. OEM manufacturing is a major part of Taiwan’s economy.
• 製造商 maker e.g. smartphone maker
• 製造 v: manufacture
• 製作；製造(in a skilled way)v craft
  • e.g. These bracelets were crafted by Native Americans.
  • e.g. a beautifully crafted silver brooch
• 產能 throughput e.g. We need to improve our throughput because demand is high at the moment.
• 加工 v: process
• 組裝 v: assemble, n: assembly
• 重組v re-assemble
• 好人選 good fit e.g. I’m not sure Dean will be a good fit for our company
• 雇用(員工) take on e.g. The restaurant took on four new waiters.
• 工作量 workload e.g. heavy workloads.
• 創業 start my own business
• 創業 set up my own business
• 創立;成立 set up
  • e.g. The charity was set up by the three royals last year.
  • e.g. to set up a consultative committee
• 上市公司 listed company
• 時薪 hourly wage
• 高薪的a high-paying / well-paying e.g. high-paying job
• 高薪 high pay / high salary
• 加薪 get a raise
• 減薪 to take cuts in pay
• 減薪 dock one’s pay
• 高薪的a high-paid e.g. high-paid actress
• 薪水；工資 salary / paycheck / wage / earnings e.g. Average earnings for skilled workers are rising.
• 發薪日 payday
• 薪資停滯 wage stagnation
• 薪資條n payslip
• 退休金 pension
• 年終奬金 year-end bonus
• 尾牙 year-end party
• 年度旅遊；員旅 annual outing
• 政府公費旅遊 junket
• 年假 annual leave e.g. How many years of service will reach the maximum of annual leave entitlement in your company?
• 工資名單(全部人) payroll
• 前輩 senior engineer
• 晚輩 junior engineer
• 員工考核表 employee evaluation
• 打考績 evaluate sb’s performance
• 年度業績 annual sale
• 人手不足的a understaffed e.g. The hospital was desperately understaffed.
• 人手不足的a shorthanded / short-handed e.g. the kitchen was a bit short-handed
• 人員過多的a overstaffed e.g. The department has been accused of being inefficient and hugely overstaffed.
• 約聘工作 contract job
• 約聘人員 temp workers
• 被指派的人員名單 roster e.g. If you look on the duty roster, you’ll see when you’re working.
• 前兩份工作 my second-most recent job
• 兼職 part-time
• 全職 full-time e.g. I worked part-time at a convenience store.
• 正職 formal employee / regular employee
• 副業 side gig / side job e.g. I’m thinking of getting a side gig to earn some extra cash.
• 副業 sideline e.g. Jim works in a bank, but teaches French in the evenings as a sideline.
• 半工半讀 work one’s way through / student with a part-time job e.g. He worked his way through college.
• 早班 day shift e.g. I’m working the day shift this month.
• 午班 after shift
  • e.g. I work afternoon shift.
  • e.g. I’m on afternoon shift.
  • e.g. I’m on days/afternoons/nights.
• 晚班 evening shift / night shift e.g. The night shift is finished at 7 a.m.
• 大夜班 graveyard shift
• 兩班 double shift
• 正在值班 sb be on the (evening shift)
• 輪班 work in shifts e.g. The people on the assembly line work in shifts.
• 排班/輪班工作 shift work
  • e.g. Research has shown that shift work can have negative effects on health.
• 調到某處支援 secondment
  • e.g. His involvement with the project began when he was on (a) secondment from NASA to the European Space Agency.
• 解僱v dismiss n: dismissal e.g. unfair/wrongful dismissal
• 請病假 take a sick leave
• 請事假 take a personal leave
• 請產假 take a maternity leave
• 請喪假 take a bereavement leave
• 在休假 (be) on (maternity, etc.) leave
  • e.g. Kevin is on leave from work for a while.
  • e.g. He is on leave today.
  • e.g. Monica is on maternity leave.
• 請假 take/have a day off
• 補休 compensatory time
• 藉口請病假(AU)v chuck a sickie e.g. Come with us! You can just chuck a sickie on Monday!
• 特休 paid leave e.g. 14 days of paid leave a year
• 週末(非上班天) day(s) off e.g. He has a day off today.
• 暫代(職務) cover for sb / fill in for sb e.g. Can you cover for me while I go to the restroom?
• 職務代理人 fill-in
• 做份內該做的事的事 take care of business e.g. Sarah is good at taking care of business, so she’s been put in charge of organizing the event.
• 辭職；下台;讓位 step down / step aside
  • e.g. to step down foreign minister
  • e.g. He stepped aside to let his son take over the family restaurant.
  • e.g. Under the current system, Mr Xi was due to step down in 2023.
• 提辭呈 turn in my resignation
• 提離職 hand in your notice/resignation
• 辭職 quit my job
• 被離職；被資遣 be laid off e.g. After being laid off from work, she became a full-time housekeeper, taking care of the whole family.
• 縮減；縮編;瘦身(公司) downsize
  • e.g. There are rumors that the company is planning to downsize.
  • e.g. The government has decided to downsize the military.
  • e.g. I was laid off from current position because of downsizing.
• 縮減;減少v curtail
  • e.g. curtail your holiday/spending
  • e.g. The council’s activity here had already been significantly curtailed by Moscow.
• 縮減；減少(清單;名單) narrow down e.g. We narrowed the list of candidates down from ten to three.
• 擴編v expand
• 提前兩禮拜的辭職通知 two-week notice
• 工作日 weekday
• 實地測試 field test
• 實地考察 field trip
• 剝削v exploit /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ a: exploitative /ɪkˈsplɔɪ.t̬ə.t̬ɪv/ n: exploitation 者n exploiter /ɪkˈsplɔɪ.t̬ɚ/
  • def: to use someone or something unfairly for your own advantage
  • e.g. Laws exist to stop companies exploiting their employees.
  • e.g. exploitative employment
  • e.g. high street banks have been accused of exploiting small firms.
• 開始上班 start working e.g. When can you start working？
• 加入團隊 on board
  • e.g. Let’s bring Rob on board for the Saudi deal - he’s the expert.（我們讓羅伯加入沙烏地團隊吧，他是這方面專家。）
  • e.g. Welcome on board.（歡迎加入我們。）
  • e.g. Welcome to the company, Tom. We’re all glad you’re on board now.（歡迎加入。湯姆，很高興你成為團隊一員。）
  • e.g. I’ve been on board with this company for five years.（我已經為公司服務五年了。）
• 加入公司(一段時間) join / have been with
  • e.g. I joined the company 3 years ago.
  • e.g. I’ve been with the company for 3 years.
  • e.g. It has been 3 years since I joined the company.

文化;迷信；信仰

• 宗教
  • 牧師 preacher
  • 傳道v preach e.g. During the sermon, he preached about the need for forgiveness.
  • 講道n sermon e.g. preach a sermon
  • 禪n zen 像禪的a zen-like e.g. zen-like tranquillity
  • 邪教 cult
  • 佛教 Buddha ／ Buddhist
  • 基督教 Christianity / Christian
  • 回教；伊斯蘭教 Islam / Muslim
  • 摩門教 Mormonism / Mormon
  • 天主教 Catholicism / Catholic /kəˈθɑː.lə.sɪ.zəm/
  • 道教 Taoism / Taoist
  • 無神論者 atheist /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/
  • 我無信仰 not religious e.g. I am not religious.
  • 先知 prophet /ˈprɒf.ɪt/
  • 修士 priest
  • 神父 Father
  • 修女 Sister
  • 主教 bishop /ˈbɪʃ.əp/
  • 樞機主教 archbishop
  • 和尚；修道士；僧侶 monk
  • 修女；尼姑 nun
  • 信徒；門徒；追隨者 follower / believer / disciple
  • 儀式(e.g. 拳擊選手互碰拳套);例行公事 ritual
  • 儀式 ceremony
  • 寺廟 temple
  • 教堂 church
  • 大教堂 cathedral
  • 小禮拜堂 chapel
  • 清真寺 mosque
  • 猶太教的禮拜堂 synagog / synagogue
  • 講道壇 pulpit
  • 祈禱 to pray
  • 教條；信條 dogma /ˈdɒɡ.mə/ a: dogmatic e.g. Will you follow dogma?
  • 敬仰；祟拜 to worship
  • 讚揚；稱讚 to praise
  • 讚揚；稱讚 pay tribute to sb/sth /ˈtrɪb.juːt/ e.g. The minister paid tribute to the men who had fought the blaze.
  • 敬意;致敬v pay/do homage to (sb/sth) n: homage /ˈhɑː.mɪdʒ/
    • e.g. On this occasion we pay homage to him for his achievements.
    • e.g. we wanted to do homage to their musics
  • 吟誦 to chant
  • 燒香 to burn incense (sticks)
  • 紙錢 joss paper
  • 齋戒 to fast
  • 精神上的；心靈的 spiritual
  • 神祕的；不可思議的 mysterious
  • （宗教信徒）統派的 orthodox /ˈɔːr.θə.dɑːks/
  • 非宗教的a secular e.g. a secular state
  • 褻瀆神/宗教的a profane e.g. profane language
  • 褻瀆(神)n blasphemy /ˈblæs.fə.mi/ v: blaspheme a: blasphemous e.g. to be accused of blasphemy
• 算命;星座
  • 迷信n superstition a: superstitious e.g. believe in the superstition
  • 算命師n fortune teller
  • 塔羅牌算命師 Tarot reader
  • 通靈的人 psychic /ˈsaɪ.kɪk/
  • 預言 prophecy /ˈprɑː.fə.si/
    • e.g. These doom and gloom prophecies are doing little to help the economy.
    • e.g. prophecy has been fulfilled
• 火化v cremate adj: cremated e.g. cremated remains of three hundred people
• 摺紙藝術n origami /ˌɔːr.ɪˈɡɑː.mi/
• 圖騰 totem /ˈtoʊ.t̬əm/
• 書法 calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡ.rə.fi/
• 文化地雷 cultural toes
• 傳統的a traditional / customary
• 禁忌;忌諱n taboo(s) e.g. tabbo topic
• 黃道帶n zodiac /ˈzəʊ.di.æk/
• 生肖 chinese zodiac/animal sign
  • 鼠 rat
  • 牛 ox
  • 虎 tiger
  • 兔 rabbit
  • 龍 dragon
  • 蛇 snake
  • 馬 horse
  • 羊 goat
  • 猴 monkey
  • 雞 rooster
  • 狗 dog
  • 豬 pig

稱呼；稱謂;群體;統稱

• 搭檔 sidekick
• 皇上 emperor
• 書呆子 wonk / nerd
• 一般信徒;外行人;門外漢n layman / layperson / laywoman
  • e.g. The book is supposed to be the layman’s guide to home repair.
• 守護神 patron saint
• 奧客 difficult customer
• 潮人；潮男 hipter
• 好手好腳不工作;白吃白住n freeloading 的人: freeloader
  • e.g. She was unimpressed with his freeloading.
• 白住著;擅自佔屋者n squatter /ˈskwɑː.t̬ɚ/ 霸佔v squat
  • e.g. They squatted (in) an old house in King’s Cross when their money ran out.
• 吃霸王餐nv dine and dash
  • e.g. They went to the restaurant and pulled/had a dine and dash.
  • e.g. A couple dined and dashed at an upscale restaurant in Taipei last night but got caught one hour later.
  • e.g. Excuse me manager Bob, I just had a dine and dash on table 16. I walked away for a second to refill their drink and when I came back they were gone.
• 弱勢團體 the disadvantaged group / the underprivileged group / the poor
• 墨守成規的人；循規稻矩的人n conformist <–> 不守常規的人n nonconformist
• 名 first name, forname, given name
• 姓 last name, surname, family name
• 救星 saviour (UK) / savior (US)
• 調解人；中間人(白手套) intermediary /ˌɪn.təˈmiː.di.ə.ri/
• 引座員n引座v usher
• 流浪漢;無業遊民n hobo
• 局外人；圈外人n outsider
  • e.g. He is treated as an outsider by the others.
  • e.g. Being a minority sometimes makes me feel like I’m an outsider.
• 恩人n benefactor
• 配偶(不分男女)n spouse /spaʊs/
• 女僕人n maid
• 驅魔師 exorcist /ˈek.sɔː.sɪst/
• 人材 skilled people e.g. desperate for skilled people
• 遊手好閒的人 layabout e.g. I’m not a layabout.
• 先驅 forerunner
• 先驅；先鋒n pioneer a: pioneering e.g. a pioneering voice in English literature
• 先驅n precursor /ˌpriːˈkɝː.sɚ/
  • e.g. Will Jason be the precursor to Taiwan’s legislation or will he be left behind with unknown secrets?
  • e.g. Biological research has often been a precursor to medical breakthroughs.
• 先鋒v spearhead /ˈspɪə.hed/ e.g. Joe Walker will be spearheading our new marketing initiative.
• 愛書人；書蟲n bibliophiles /ˈbɪb.li.ə.faɪl/ e.g. Thousands of bibliophiles attended the book fair in Madrid last week.
• 天才 prodigy /ˈprɑː.də.dʒi/
• 人頭(帳戶)n straw man e.g. The fraud depended on hundreds of bank accounts being opened on behalf of straw men.
• 人頭帳號n fake account
• 贊助人；老顧客n patron e.g. but the teary-eyed gratitude she receives from her patrons keeps her going
• 常客;老顧客 regular customers / regulars
• 萬事通(的人) jack-of-all-trades
• 僑民 expatriate(s) = expat(s)
• 潮人 hipster
• 半人半神 demigod
• 相對應者;相同的東西 counterpart e.g. The prime minister is to meet his European counterparts to discuss the war against drugs.
• 受益人 beneficiary ​/ˌben.əˈfɪʃ.i.er.i/ e.g. Her wife was the chief beneficiary of her will.
• 投機者;有心人士n投機的;隨機的a opportunist
  • e.g. He said “opportunists” were using the tragedy to expand gun control.
  • e.g. The burglary was probably carried out by an opportunist thief who noticed the door was open.
• (性)虐狂n sadist
• 異類 the black sheep of the family
• 特立獨行的a人n maverick
  • e.g. a political maverick
  • e.g. maverick spirit
• 不合群的人;獨來獨往的人n loner
• 忘恩負義的人;不知感恩的人n ingrate(s)
• 維權人士 human rights activists /ˈæk.tə.vɪst/
• 騙子n crook
• 騙錢的人 grifter
  • e.g. She fell for a charming, fast-talking grifter.
• 熟客 regular
• 網路安全;資安 cyber-security e.g. cyber-security expert
• 巨大又醜的東西 monstrosity /mɑːnˈstrɑː.sə.t̬i/ e.g. The new office building is a real monstrosity.
• 人渣；敗類 scum
• 隱士 hermit e.g. North Korea is a hermit nation.
• 幼年 infancy e.g. Her youngest child died in infancy.
• 青少年 youngster
• 青少年13~19歲 teens / adolescent
• 成年人 grown man
• 成年的；成熟的a grown up 大人;成年人n grown-up
  • e.g. He seems very grown up for a ten-year-old.
  • e.g. Ask a grown-up to cut the shape out for you.
• 成年期 adult years / adulthood
• 成年(男) manhood e.g. The story is seen through the eyes of a boy on the verge of manhood.
• 駕駛者(車)n motorist /ˈmoʊ.t̬ɚ.ɪst/
• 外地人；外省人；首都外的人n provincial /prəˈvɪn.ʃəl/
• 館長(博物館;圖書館) curator /kjɝːˈeɪ.t̬ɚ/
• 壯漢 bruiser
• 反對者；愛唱反調的人n naysayer e.g. He ignored the naysayers and persevered.
• 反對者；對手 opponents
• 支持者 supporter
• 突變n mutant /ˈmjuː.t̬ənt/
• 豬喔n hog e.g. You’ve eaten it all? You hog!
• 敵人 enemies
• 仇人 foe(s)
• 小三;情婦n mistress [ˈmɪs.trəs] / the other woman e.g. He has a mistress in Kaohsiung. / Mary is the other woman of Mr. Chen.
• 小王 home wrecker
• 媽寶n Mama’s Boy
• 幽靈；鬼魂n phantom
• 職人 craftsman (craftsmen) e.g. All our furniture is handmade by local craftsmen.
• 工匠 artisan /ˈɑːr.t̬ə.zən/
• 商人 merchant /ˈmɝː.tʃənt/
• 商人 trader
• XX迷;熱愛XX的人n aficionado(s) e.g. /əˌfɪʃ.i.əˈnɑː.doʊ/
  • e.,g. a coffee aficionado
  • e.g. a clud for model railway of aficionados
• 小偷 thief (thieves) /θiːf/
• 專家;專業的人n professor
• 管家;佣人 housekeeper
• 男管家 butler
• 客戶；顧客n clientele /ˌkliː.ɑːnˈtel/
• 老人n the elderly a: elderly
• 做決策的人 decision-maker e.g. She faces long hours and extreme pressure in her position as the top decision-maker in the company.
• 直播主;實況主n streamer
• 台主 broadcaster
• 玩伴n playmate
• 便衣警察 plainclothes police
• 窮人；貧民n pauper /ˈpɑː.pɚ/
• 貧民窟;髒亂的地方n slum e.g. an inner-city slum
• 貧民區n hood e.g. he was just a poor boy from the hood
• 貧民窟(棚屋搭的)n shanty town
• 小木屋 shed
• 避難所 sanctuary
• 庇護n asylum
  • e.g. to seek/apply for political asylum
  • e.g. The refugees have asked for political asylum.
• 臨時避難的地方n躲避;庇護v shelter
  • e.g. The trees gave/provided some shelter from the rain.
  • e.g. We were caught in a thunderstorm, without anywhere to shelter. ° e.g. Local people risked their own lives to shelter resistance fighters from the army.
• 亭子；臨時帳篷;比賽看台 pavilion /pəˈvɪl.jən/
• 游牧民族(單數成員)n nomad(s) a: nomadic
• 民族主義n nationalism 者n nationalist
• 愛國主義n patriotism 愛國的a patriotic 者n patriot /ˈpæt.ri.ət/
• 黨羽；支持者；追隨者n cohort /ˈkoʊ.hɔːrt/ e.g.
• 千禧年 millennials /məˈlen.i.l/
• 嬰兒潮 baby boomers
• 呆子；宅男 dork
• 半途而廢的人 quitter e.g. I’m no quitter.
• 半途而廢v to give up halfway
• 半途而廢 not perseverant / impatient
• 老頑固，守舊落伍的人n fogey / fogy /ˈfoʊ.ɡi/
• 鄉下人；土包子n bumpkin ／ countryman
• 都市人n urbanite /ˈɝː.bən.aɪt/
• 主席 chairman
• 性變態者 perv
• 老闆；店長 owner
• 店長;店主;老闆 shopkeeper
• 要人；顯要人物;重要人物n dignitary
• 變態人格者;反社會人士n psychopath
• 前任；前代;舊款n predecessor /ˈpriː.dɪˌses.ər/ e.g. The S9 and S9+ look and feel very similar to their predecessors.
• 改版；重寫n rehash
  • e.g. His new book is just a rehash of his previous ones.
  • e.g. The information in the report is a rehash of old discussions and misconceptions.
• 版本;改版n iteration
  • e.g. the repetition and iteration that goes on in designing something
  • e.g. The software is on its fifth iteration.
• 異議人士n dissident
• 瘋子n lunatic /ˈluː.nə.tɪk/
• 接替人；繼承者n successor /səkˈses.ɚ/
• 大塊頭 hulk e.g. Henry’s a real hulk of a man.
• 傻子 simpleton e.g. Would you rather be a worried genius or a joyful simpleton?
• 易裝癖者(尤指男性)n transvestite /trænsˈves.taɪt/
• 趁火打劫的人;禿鷹n vulture
• 講者 lecturer
• 拖油瓶 burden
• 冗員；電燈炮 a fifth wheel / a third wheel
• 使節；代表n envoy e.g. a United Nations special envoy
• 老兵;經驗豐富的人 veteran /ˈvet.ər.ən/
• 兄弟姊妹n sibling(s)
• 姐夫 brother-in-law
• 外甥女；侄女n niece /niːs/
• 屍體n carcass /ˈkɑːr.kəs/ e.g. an animal carcass
• 人形機器人n humanoid e.g. humanoid robot

金錢；銀行

• 一般投資者;業餘投資者(AU) mom-and-dad invester
• 獎金；賞金n bounty e.g. bounty hunter
• 無價值的;不值錢的a worthless e.g. He said the jewels were worthless fakes. It’s nothing but a worthless contract.（那只不過是個沒價值的合同。）
• 無價的a invaluable / inestimable / priceless e.g. Be careful！This is priceless.
• 有價值的；寶貴的;值錢的a valuable e.g. valuable information
• 餘額(e.g. 悠遊卡剩多少錢) check easy card value
• 餘額 balance e.g. The balance in your account is US$15,000.
• 籌措資金v finance e.g. Our project is adequately financed.
• 兌現v cash in e.g. I’d like to cash this check in, please.
• 結清；結算(欠款)v settle e.g. Please settle your account/bill without further delay.
• 結清帳目v square e.g. She squared her account at the store.
• 透支v overdraw-overdrew-overdrawn a: overdrawn /ˌoʊ.vɚˈdrɑːn/ n: overdraft
  • e.g. $20,493 overdrawn at the bank
  • e.g. The account was overdrawn.
  • e.g. to run up/pay off an overdraft
  • e.g. Your account is overdrawn
• 分期付款 installment plan / pay in installments e.g. pay in three month installments
• 付款方式 payment options
• 付款條件；付款條款 terms of payment / payment terms
• 運送條件 terms of shipment
• 將卡放到刷卡機上 top on
• 付現 pay in cash / cash down e.g. The price was £900 cash down. / I’ll pay in cash.
• 信用卡付款 I"ll charge it. / I"ll put it on plastic, thanks.（信用卡付，謝謝！）
• 一次付清 pay in full
• 盜刷n fraudulent / unauthorized credit card charges
• 刷卡 pay by (with) credit card
• 記在信用卡上 put the bill on the card
• 預付 pay in advance
• 月付 monthly payments
• 付美金 pay in dollars
• 房貸;貸款n mortgage /ˈmɔːr.ɡɪdʒ/ e.g. After I pay off the mortgage, I will buy a new car.
• 貸款給sb(v) credit e.g. The bank credited 50,000 dollars to us.
• 貸款v lend-lent-lent e.g. The bank agreed to lend him $5,000.
• 學貸v student loan e.g. $20,000 student loan / to apply for a federal student loan
• 跳票v bounce a check n: the check bounced
• 開戶 open a bank account
• 開戶存款 initial deposit e.g. You can open a savings account with an initial deposit of 1,000 dollars.
• 儲蓄帳戶 savings account
• 手續費 service charge / handling charges / handling
• 利息 interest
  • 生利息v bear interest a: interest-bearing
• 轉帳手續費 transaction fee
• 運費 freight /freɪt/
• 兌換貨幣 exchange currency
• 銀行明細 bank statement
• 存錢以備不時之需 save/keep/(put away)/(put aside) money for a rainy day
  • e.g. Putting money away for a rainy day.
• 存到銀行v bank e.g. I used to bank with Lloyd’s.
• 存錢vn deposit
  • e.g. I need to make a deposit this afternoon.
  • e.g. I’m making a deposit for our company.
  • e.g. deposit money into my account / deposit some money in the bank
• 領錢;提款v withdraw n: withdrawal
  • e.g. withdraw some money from the bank
  • e.g. The bank became suspicious after several large withdrawals were made from his account in a single week.
• 提款密碼 PIN number
• 電匯 wire transfer
• 轉帳匯款(非跨行,同銀行) v: transfer
  • e.g. Can I transfer this amount to another account?
  • e.g. Certainly, which account would you like me to transfer this to?
• 轉帳;匯款(跨行,國外帳戶) n: remittance /rɪˈmɪt.əns/ v: remit
  • e.g. I would like to make a remittance to Taiwan.
  • e.g. She sends a small remittance home to her parents each month.
  • e.g. He worked as a builder in Chicago and remitted half his monthly wage to his family in the Philippines.
  • 國際匯款 international remittance
• 匯錢至某人的帳戶 direct money to someone’s account
• 跨行轉帳 inter-bank transfer service e.g. Do you offer an inter-bank transfer service?
• 存摺 passbook
• 印章 stamp
• 封蠟 seal
• 自動轉帳 direct debit payment e.g. I’d like to set up a direct debit payment for my gas bill
• 櫃台；收銀台(e.g. 麥當勞點餐台);廚房流理枱 counter
• 結帳櫃台 checkout counter
• 店員(只管食物不收銀) waiter / waitress / service people
• 店員(管食物也收銀;7-11店員);收銀員 cashier
• 店員 clerk
• 有錢的a be loaded e.g. Don’t let him borrow money off you because, in reality, he’s loaded. His rich parents give him $2,500 in spending money a month!
• (形容人)有錢的 rich / wealthy
• (形容地區)有錢的;富裕的a affluent e.g. affluent nations/neighbourhoods
• 沒錢 run out of money / short of money
• 沒錢的a broke
  • e.g. I’m broke.
  • e.g. Many small businesses went broke during the recession.
• 還債 pay off his debts / pay debts off
• 還清;付掉；付清;付完 pay off
  • 還卡債分期付款 pay off my credit card debt in installments
  • e.g. to pay off student loans
  • e.g. to pay off a lot of things recently, but now, I can’t seem to pay the money off
• 還錢v pay back
  • e.g. pay you back
  • e.g. pay back the money
  • e.g. I will pay you back next month.
• 歸還n restitution
  • e.g. They are demanding the restitution of ancient treasures that were removed from the country in the 16th century.
• 硬著頭皮付v pay through the nose
  • e.g. Why are you paying through the nose for such a small place when you could find a cheaper one somewhere outside of the downtown area?
  • e.g. Car insurance is so expensive that you have to pay through the nose to get any type of coverage these days.
• 償還v repay
  • e.g. She repaid the loan to her mother.
  • e.g. Nepal was repay $220 million a year.
• 負債 in debt / in the hole
  • e.g. My brother has charged so some many purchases to his credit cards that he’s is the hole.
• 欠錢；欠款 in the red/hole e.g. He has about 1 million in the hole now.
• 積欠;欠債v run up e.g. She stayed two weeks at the hotel and ran up a bill that she couldn’t pay.
• 欠v owe
• 欠的a due
  • e.g. The rent is due (= should be paid) at the end of the month.
  • e.g. £50 is due to me (us due me) from the people I worked for last month.
• 經濟拮据的a straitened e.g. A lot of people are finding themselves in very straitened circumstances because of the recession.
• 缺錢的;手頭緊的a strapped / cash-strapped
  • e.g. cash-strapped countries
  • e.g. Uh, could I borrow a few bucks until payday? I’m a little strapped for cash.
  • e.g. He has really been strapped for cash because he lost his job two weeks ago.
• 兩極化;M型化v polarize /ˈpəʊ.lə.raɪz/ n: polarization
  • e.g. The debate is becoming polarized and there seems to be no middle ground.
  • e.g. Our goal is lively discussion, not polarization.
• 收入M型化 income inequality / disparity between rich and poor
• 精打細算;節制花錢;省錢；縮衣節食;少吃儉用 strap for cash / pinch pennies / pinch and scrape / stretch the budget / stretch money
  • e.g. I was underemployed for a number of years after college, so I became very good at stretching money to last as long as possible.
  • e.g. That young couple had to pinch pennies so they can live.
• 預算有限;缺錢;拮据；手頭緊 on a (tight) budget / be short on cach
  • e.g. We are on a tight budget.
  • e.g. I am a bit short on cach.
• 勒緊褲帶 tighten one’s belt
• 對預算敏感的a budget-conscious e.g. while the more budget-conscious buyers will opt for a mid-range device from Moto or a Chinese company
• 公共開支削減；開支減少n cuts e.g. Students and workers were out on the streets protesting against the cuts.
• 預算縮減；預算減少n budget cuts
• 節制花錢 curb one’s spending e.g. Unless you curb your spending, you’re going to run out of money before the week is over.
• 亂花錢 blow money (on sth)
  • e.g. You can’t just blow your money on things like that!
  • e.g. People sometimes blow money on things that have no lasting value.
• 花大錢;揮霍v splash out on sth
  • e.g. They splashed out £3,000 on a holiday.
• 超支；花錢v overspend
• 超支的人 overspender / spender
• 錢;收入 means / money
• 零用錢 spending money
• 零用錢 allowance
• 可支配收入;可支援的錢 disposable income /dɪˌspoʊ.zə.bəl ˈɪn.kʌm/ e.g. you’ve got to have a good chunk of disposable income for that
• 淨利 gross income e.g. $200 of gross income
• 開始盈利 turn a profit e.g. He’s been in business five years, but has not yet turned a profit.
• 入不敷出 live beyond your means
• 不多不少 break even n: breakeven
  • e.g. After paying for our travel costs, we barely (= only just) broke even.
• 維持收支平衡 make ends meet
  • e.g. I must to reconsider my whole life to make ends meet.
  • e.g. When I was a student, I had to work three part-time jobs to make ends meet.
• 無法收支平衡；入不敷出 can’t make ends meet
• 收入比花費多 live within your means/budget
• 收入 income e.g. His income can just barely cover their expenses. 他的收入勉強能負擔生活支出
• 收入;稅收;營收(政府；公司)n revenue e.g. Solid iPhone sales boost Apple revenues
• 大筆花費(to sb)n payout
  • e.g. With this insurance policy there is a maximum payout of €2,500.
• 支出 expense(s)
• 花費開支(政府或個人)n expenditure
• 營運費用;經常性開支n overheads / overhead a: overhead
  • e.g. One way of increasing profit margins is to cut overhead costs.
  • e.g. We need to reduce our overheads.
• 降低成本n pullback
  • e.g. a pullback in spending/lending/hiring a massive pullback in consumer spending
  • e.g. The pullback will affect not only our own company but also those with whom we do business.
• 記帳v track one’s spending/expenses
  • e.g. Steps to Track Your Expenses
  • e.g. You should save all your receipts so you can track your spending.
  • e.g. I have an app on my smartphone that helps me track my spending.
• 收據 receipt /rɪˈsiːt/
• 開始努力工作 buckle down (= start woking hard) / knuckle down
  • e.g. He’ll have to buckle down (to his work) soon if he wants to pass his finals.

交通工具 transport

• 越野車 dirt bike
• 房車 sedan /sɪˈdæn/
• 掀背型汽車 hatchback car
• 纜車n gondola [ˈɡɒn.dəl.ə] / cable car
• 纜車車廂 cabin
• 貨運n freight e.g. freight company/train
• 輪輻(腳踏車) a bunch of spoke coming into a central hub
• 啟動鈕;鑰匙孔n ignition
• 獨木舟 canoe
• 車轍；車輪溝;輪胎溝 rut
• 走回頭路；原路返回v backtrack
• 亂過馬路v jaywalk e.g. Jaywalking is dangerous / Don’t jaywalk.
• 划船v row e.g. row a boat
• 門票 entrance fee
• 入場費;門票 admission
• 優惠票 concession
• 一日票 day pass
• 一般票；大眾票 general entrance ticket
• 汽油 gas (US) / petrol (AU)
• 加油v refuel / fuel up / fill up
  • e.g. Before we hit the road, I need to fill up my car first.
• 無鉛汽油 unleaded gas
• 含鉛汽油 leaded gas / regular gas
• 儲值悠遊卡 top up the Easycard
• 加值 top up e.g. Where can I top up my Metro Card? / top up history
• 加值 add value e.g. Where can I add value to my EasyCard?
• 刷卡進出站 touch on/off e.g. Don’t forget to touch on and touch off when entering and exiting the station.
• 搭公車轉乘捷運 transfer to the MRT system
• 下車 get off the bus
• 過馬路cross the street
• 私家車道 driveway
• 刷卡進入 pass through the speedgate
• 月台 platform
• 月台安全閘門 PG (Automatic Platform Gate)
• 轉車 or 直達車
  • 我需要轉車或換乘嗎？ Are these direct lines or may I need to change elsewhere？ No. Both buses are direct.
  • e.g. please get off at the next stop(Juifang) and transfer to the train for Kaohsiung.
  • e.g. Please get off at Suaosin station and transfer to the train for Suao.
• 車子來了 Here come the train.
• 廣播提醒乘客小心月台間隙 mind the platform gap
• 尖峰時間 rush hour / peak hour
• 離峰a off-peak
• 乘客 passengers
• 緊抓著拉環 hold a strap closely
• 小心電車癡漢/扒手 watch out for subway gropers and pickpockets
• 扒手；小偷n pickpocket
• 博愛座 priority seat
• 嘴巴張的大大的在睡覺 doze off with his mouth wide open
• 請他讓座 ask him to give/yield his seat to the elder lady
• 坐過站 miss the stop
• 班車
  • e.g. The bus runs every half hour.
  • e.g. Buses run every half hour.
  • e.g. the next bus
• 違規;事故
  • 拖吊v tow /təʊ/
    • e.g. The road was closed while the vehicles that had been involved in the accident were towed away/off.
  • 違停；違規停車 illegal parking
  • 道路救援 roadside assistance
  • 交通違規 committing traffic offences
  • 肇事逃逸n hit and run a: hit-and-run e.g. a hit-and-run driver/accident
  • 無照駕駛 driving without license
  • 迎面相撞 head-on collision
  • 連環撞 a chain collision
  • 輕微擦撞 slight impact
  • 碰撞 crash
  • 撞上v bump
  • 撞上v plough/plow into * e.g. the tractor plowed into the other trackor
  • 闖紅燈 go through a red light / run a red light
  • 交通堵塞 traffic congestion/jam
  • 爆胎了 the tire blows out / have a flat tire e.g. My tire blew out on my way to work, so I missed the presentation.
  • 拋錨 n: breakdown v: break down e.g. Brandon’s car broke down when he was driving on the highway. All he could do was to wait for the tow truck.
  • 罰單 ticket
  • 逆向行駛n wrong-way driving 人n: a wrong way driver v: drive the wrong way
    • e.g. He is driving the wrong way on the highway.
  • 酒駕n drunk driving
  • DWI (driving while Intoxicated)
  • DUI (driving under the influence)
  • 我被酒測了 I got busted for a DWI
  • 警察開罰單 write a ticket / ticket
    • e.g. He didn’t ticket me because it wasn’t a 4 way intersection.
    • e.g. I got a speeding ticket
  • 罰金nv fine
    • 重罰v fined heavily e.g. As a result of our investigation, these players have been severely reprimanded and fined heavily
  • 重罰v to impose a heavy/high/severe/tough penalty
  • 別飆車 Juit don’t be a lead foot.
  • 超速 speeding e.g. You will get a ticket for speeding.
• 道路
  • 地下道 underpass
  • 繞行路線(替代道路)n diversion /dɪˈvɝː.ʃən/ e.g. Traffic diversions will be kept to a minimum throughout the festival.
  • 巷子 alley /ˈæl.i/
  • 大道;大街 avenue
  • 高速公路 motorway
  • 高速公路的收費站 toll booth
  • 彎彎曲曲的路 winding roads / crooked roads.
  • 彎彎曲曲v wind e.g. The road winds through the forest.
  • 顛簸的a bumpy / not smooth
  • 崎嶇不平的a rugged /ˈrʌɡ.ɪd/
    • e.g. rugged landscape/terrain/hills/cliffs
  • 不平坦的;參差不齊；不平均的a uneven
    • e.g. the paving stones are
    • e.g. There is an uneven distribution of wealth across the country from the north to the south.
  • 平的a flat e.g. flat road
  • 水平的a level e.g. The table is not level.
  • 平衡的;相等的a balanced e.g. The table is not balanced.
  • 平的;相等的a even e.g. The table is not even.
  • 對齊v line up e.g. Let’s make a knot. First you line up these two strings, then…
  • 對齊v align 再次對齊v realign
    • e.g. Make sure these two strings are aligned with each other before you begin.
  • 沒對齊v misalign a: misaligned
    • e.g. When a car’s wheels shift on their axles and the tires are no longer lined up properly, this is an example of when the tires are misaligned.
    • e.g. If the wheels are misaligned, it can cause excessive wear on your tyres.
  • 路況 traffic status
  • 暈(車;船) get carsick/seasick
  • 頭暈a dizzy e.g. I’m dizzy.
  • 頭暈n vertigo
  • 靠邊停;臨檢 pull over e.g. I just got pulled over by a cop
  • 開車出停車位 pull out of e.g. You pull out of your parking lot.
  • 迴轉 make a u-turn e.g. You realize you are going the wrong way, so you make a u-turn.
  • 停車 park
  • (室外)停車場 parking lot / parking space / parking area
  • (室內)停車場 parking garage /gəˈraʒ/
  • 停車位 parking space
  • 機車停車格 parking spaces for scooters
  • 牽車 walk the bike
  • 減速 slow down
  • 加速 speed up e.g. I was speeding / You have to speed up.
  • 開車兜風；兜風 take a spin / go for a spin
    • e.g. Come outside and take a look. We can go for a spin!
    • e.g. Boddy took a spin on the bicycle before deciding to buy it.
  • 剎車 brack / hit the brakes
  • 被超車 cut sb off e.g. a rude driver cuts me off
  • 超車 overtake e.g. Always check your rear view mirror before you overtake (another car).
  • 搶車道
    • e.g. This driver cut in our lane.
    • e.g. This driver cut in front.
    • e.g. This driver cut into our lane.
    • e.g. This driver just suddenly pulled into our lane.
    • e.g. A driver cut me up.
    • e.g. I was cut up by that driver.
  • 追尾；緊貼前車 tailgate e.g. That man tailgated me.
  • 斑馬線 zebra crossing / crosswalk
    • e.g. Always cross the street at the light or a crosswalk.
    • e.g. The car didn’t stop, even though I was in the crosswalk.
    • e.g. These pedestrians were trying to get across a crosswalk, but there was a car blocking their path.
    • e.g. Patrick ran across the crosswalk.
  • 紅綠燈 traffic light
  • 紅/綠燈 red/green light
  • 黃燈 amber/yellow/orange light
  • 路標 guidepost / signpost e.g. The signpost said “London 18 miles”.
  • 單行線 single line
  • 雙向線 double white lines
  • 單行道 one way
  • 雙向道 dual carriageway
  • 交通幹線(鐵路;公路) artery
  • 陡坡 steep hill
  • 斜坡 slope
  • 斜坡；上坡 ramp e.g. I pushed the wheelchair up the ramp and into the supermarket.
  • 彎路 curve road / bend road
  • 叉路;岔路 road junction
  • 入口匝道;駛進匝道;駛進坡道 on-ramp
  • 十字路 cross road
  • 交叉路口；十字路口n intersection
  • 環形交叉路口;圓環n roundabout /ˈraʊnd.ə.baʊt/ e.g. Take the first left at the roundabout.
  • 讓車讓道v yield
    • e.g. let’s watch and yield
    • e.g. If you’re going downhill, you need to yield to bikers going uphill.
  • 靠左/右 keep left/right
  • 安全島 safety island
  • 避車彎 passing bay
  • 迴轉道 U-turn lane
  • 連續彎路 winding road
  • 在主要道路上 on the main road
  • 禁止通行 no passing / no through traffic
  • 此路不通 blocked
  • 禁止駛入 no entry
  • 禁止回轉 no turns / no U-turns
  • 禁止停留/停車 no stopping/parking
  • 倒車 back e.g. back your car onto the driveway / back a car
  • 車流回堵 back up e.g. The accident had backed up traffic for miles.
  • (黃色)警戒線 yellow black warning line/tape
  • (黃色)封鎖線 barricade tape
  • 封鎖n blockade /blɑːˈkeɪd/
  • 封鎖v cordon sth off /ˈkɔːr.dən/ e.g. They’ve cordoned off the whole area because of a suspected bomb.
  • 封鎖;設置警戒線圍住v cordon off
    • e.g. They’ve cordoned off the whole area because of a suspected bomb.
    • e.g. A number of locations in the city centre have been cordoned off and teams in full protective gear have used hoses to decontaminate the street.
  • 封鎖;封住 block off e.g. All the roads out of the town had been blocked off by the police.
  • 禁令；限制nv embargo(es) /ɪmˈbɑː.ɡoʊ/
    • n. e.g. They have put an embargo on imports of clothing.
    • e.g. They are planning to embargo oil imports.
  • 抵制;杯葛n/v boycott
    • e.g. People were urged to boycott the country’s products.
    • e.g. The union called on its members to boycott the meeting.
  • 抵制文化 cancel culture / call-out culture
    • 她被抵制了 e.g. she’s cancelled
  • 罷課 boycott class
  • 路障 barricade
  • 路障 roadblock(s)
  • 道路施工 roadworks e.g. There are delays on the M4 because of roadworks.
  • 大道；大街n boulevard (abbr: Blvd) /ˈbʊl.ə.vɑːrd/
• 票
  • 優惠 deal
  • 早鳥優惠 early bird deals
  • 省錢優惠 money saving deal e.g. We have the best money saving deals in your neighborhood.
  • 公車票 bus fare
  • 公車優惠票 bus pass
  • 代幣 token
  • 售票[處;機] ticket [office; machine]
  • 時刻表 timetable
• 車子
  • 打滑vn skid
    • e.g. Tony’s car skidded on some ice and hit a tree.
    • e.g. She was riding too fast on a wet road, and the motorbike went into a skid.
    • 打滑痕跡 e.g. made this massive skid mark all the way down the road
  • 引擎熄火v stall
    • e.g. I stalled the car twice during my driving test but still managed to pass.
    • e.g. A car may stall due to the driver braking too suddenly.
  • 重型機車 heavy motorcycle
  • 小型汔車 compact car
  • 雙人座敞篷車 roadster /ˈroʊd.stɚ/
  • 四人座敞篷車 convertible /kənˈvɝː.t̬ə.bəl/
  • 高級車 luxury car
  • 長禮車 limousines /ˌlɪm.əˈziːn/
  • 廂型車;小貨車 van
  • 轎車(4門) sedan /sɪˈdæn/ / saloon (UK /səˈluːn/)
  • 載貨車 pickup truck (US) ute /juːt/ (AU)
  • 貨車；卡車(較lorry小) truck (US)
  • 貨車；卡車(大型的) lorry
  • 雙層巴士 double-decker bus
  • 城際的a intercity e.g. intercity bus/train/rail service
  • 長途客運 intercity bus (US) / intercity coach (UK) ／ long-distance bus
  • 遊覽車 tour bus
  • 拖車 trailer
  • 露營車 camper
  • 救護車 ambulance
  • 消防車 fire engine
  • 垃圾車 garbage truck
  • 直達車 nonstop
  • 快車；接送車 express
  • 餐車 dining car
  • 前/後輪驅動 front-wheel/four-wheel drive
  • 比賽用自行車 racer
  • 電動腳踏車 moped
  • 協力車 tandem
  • 機車行 motorcycle shop
  • 修車廠 auto repair shop
  • 騎單車 ride a bicycle
  • 古董車 vintage car
  • 流線型nv streamline e.g. Streamlining cars increases their fuel efficiency.
• 車上裝置
  • 里程表 odometer
  • 後座n: back seat a: back-seat
  • 𡃤叭nv honk /hɑːŋk/
  • 一檔 first gear
  • 倒車檔 reverse
  • 油門 accelerator /əkˈsel.ɚ.eɪ.t̬ɚ/ / Throttle control / gas pedal
  • 煞車 brake
  • 手煞車 hand brake
  • 引擎蓋 hood (UK) / bonnet (AU) e.g. pop the hood
  • 喇叭 horn
  • 方向盤 steering wheel
  • 方向燈 turn signal / blinker / direction sign(?) / tunning light
  • 油門踏板 gas pedal
  • 煞車踏板 brake pedal
  • 雨刷 wipers
  • 儀表板 dashboard
  • 油表 fuel gauge /ɡeɪdʒ/
  • 速度表 speedometer /spɪˈdɑː.mə.t̬ɚ/
  • 後車廂 trunk (US) / boot (AU) e.g. pop the trunk at the back
  • 天線 antenna
  • 天窗 sunroof
  • 保險桿 bumper
  • 車頭燈 headlights
  • 後車燈 rear lights
  • (車內)後照鏡 rearview mirror
  • (車兩側的)後照鏡 side mirror
  • 倒車攝影機 rearview camera
  • 擋風玻璃 windshield
  • 雨刷(水) windshield wiper (water)
  • 車牌 license plate
  • 車窗 car window
  • 搖下車窗 roll down the window
  • 行車紀錄器 car camera / car dash camera / dashcam / dashboard camera
  • 輪胎 tire (US, Canada) / tyre (UK)
  • 備胎 spare tire
• 有軌道的車
  • 車長 train conductor
  • 馬路上電車 trolley / tram (UK)
  • (高架)單軌電車(e.g. 沖繩) monorail /ˈmɑː.nə.reɪl/
  • 載客火車 coach
  • 登山纜車(載滑雪) chairlift
  • 火車客車廂 carriage/coach (UK) train car (US) e.g. cooch 1
  • 捷運車廂 carriage
  • 捷運車廂;火車車廂 compartment e.g. a first-class compartment
  • 柴油火車 diesel train /ˈdiː.zəl/
  • 舖位 berth
  • 走道 aisle /aɪl/
  • 置物架 rack
    • e.g. a luggage rack
    • e.g. overhead rack
• 船
  • 槳n paddle
  • 船難 shipwreck
  • 船；艇；艦n vessel e.g. a cargo/fishing/naval/patrol/sailing/supply vessel 貨船／漁船／海軍艦艇／巡邏艇／帆船／補給船
  • 小船 boat
  • 救生艇 life boat
  • 帆船 sailboat
  • 大船 ship
  • 商船 merchant ship
  • 遊艇 yacht
  • 渡輪(較cruise小, 像去小琉球搭的那種) ferry
  • 渡輪(像6天5夜麗星郵輪這種) cruise
  • 拖船 tugboat
  • 拖網漁船 trawler
  • 水路；航道 waterway
  • 擱淺的;被滯留的a stranded
    • e.g. He left me stranded in town with no car and no money for a bus.
    • e.g. stranded boat
• 航空；機場;機上相關
  • 時差 time difference
    • e.g. There is a time difference between us.
    • e.g. There is a five-hour time difference between us.
    • e.g. There is a time difference of five hours between us.
  • 時差 jet lag
    • e.g. Every time I fly to the States, I get really bad jet lag.
    • e.g. I just felt too jet-lagged to go out.
  • 飛機跑道n runway
  • 簡易機場/跑道n airstrip e.g. There is a 10,000 airstrip on an island in the South China Sea.
  • 機場接送 airport pick up
  • 起飛 take off e.g. The plane takes off.
  • 降落 landing
  • 飛機抵達機場 get in
    • def: plane arrives on an airport
    • e.g. Frank gets in at 9 pm.
  • 迫降 forced landing
  • 暈機 airsick
  • 滑行 to taxi along
  • 不平穩的飛行 bumpy flight
  • 平穩的飛行 smooth flight
  • 補位v on the wait list / be put on the standby e.g. I’m still on the wait list. / Can you put me on the standby list?
  • 候補(機票) standby (ticket)
  • 直達航班 non-stop/direct flight
  • 非直飛航班 non-direct flight
  • 轉機(很快的)n layover
    • e.g. We had a four-hour layover in Chicago.
    • e.g. My final destination is Taipei with a layover in Hong Kong.
  • 轉機(留一陣子,會出機場)n stopvoer e.g. My final destination is Taipei with a stopover in Hong Kong.
  • 中轉航班；轉機航班 connecting flight
  • 轉機 change planes
  • 過境 transit
  • 航線 air route / air lane
  • 海關檢查站 custom checks
  • 安全檢查 security checkpoints e.g. pass through the security checkpoints
  • 通過檢查 buzz in e.g. visitors have to be buzzed in
  • 頭等艙 first class
  • 商務艙 business class
  • 經濟艙 economy class / coach class
  • 搭(經濟艙)v fly (coach/business class) e.g. I’m flying
  • 機上娛樂 in-flight entertainment
  • 出發時間 departure time
  • 抵達時間 arrival time
  • 去程 outbound
  • 回程 inbound
  • 去程班機 outbound flight
  • 回程班機 return flight
  • 單程機票 one-way ticket
  • 來回機票 round-trip ticket
  • 回程機票 return ticket
  • 未決定回程的機票 open return e.g. I’d like to book a premium economy open return, please.
  • 登機證 boarding pass/check
  • (手提)行理n hand luggage / carry-on baggage
  • 托運行理v check luggage n: checked luggage / check-in luggage e.g. Do you have any check-in luggage?
  • 行理候領區 baggage claim area
  • 行理轉盤 baggage carousel
  • 行理傳輸帶 conveyor (belt)
  • 領取行理 claim luggage / pick your luggage up
  • 登機/船 board the plane/ship/train
  • 紅眼航班 red eye flights
  • 飯店接待員/櫃檯 receptionist / reception
  • 旅館服務員 concierge /kɑːn.siˈerʒ/
  • 服務台 information desk
  • 入境大廳 arrival hall
  • 入境 Arrivals
  • 出境 Departures
  • 過境 transit
  • 申報單 declaration (form) 申報v declare e.g. Please have your passport and declaration from ready.
  • 靠窗座位 window seat
  • 走道座位 aisle seat
  • 化妝室 lavatory
  • 緊急出口 emergency exit
  • 廉價航空;廉航 budget airline / low-cost carrier / low-cost airline / no-frills airline
  • 行理限額重量 luggage allowance
  • 入境申請卡 landing card
  • 海關申報卡 customs declaration
  • 艙頂置物櫃 overhead compartment
  • 救生衣 life preserver
  • 班機起降表 departures schedule
  • 國際線 international departure
  • 國內線 domestic departure

學校；學生

• 幹部
  • 班級幹部 class officer; class leadership
  • 班導師 homeroom teacher
  • 班長 class leader
  • 副班長 vice class leader
  • 學藝股長 class secretary
  • 服務股長 service crew leader
  • 總務股長 class treasurer
  • 康樂股長 activities coordinator
  • 衛生股長 cleaning crew leader
  • 社長 director
  • 副社長 vice director
• 教學用的a instructional e.g. He taught himself the sport by watching online instructional videos.
• 校外教學 go on a field trip / on field trips
• 活頁練習題(學生)n worksheet
• 托兒所 day care
• 幼稚園 kindergarten [ˈkɪn.dɚˌɡɑːr.tən] / nursery (school)
• 幼稚園老師 kindergartner
• 校友 alumnus /əˈlʌm.nəs/ (plural: alumni /əˈlʌmˌnɑɪ/)
• 小學(英,美)n primary school
• 小學n elementary school
• 大/中/小學校長 principal
• (美國)大學校長 president
• (美國)分校校長 chancellor
• 普通高中 regular high school
• 職業高中 vocational school
• 下課 recess e.g. That’s why you check in on me during recess.
• 粉筆 chalk
• 黑板 blackboard
• 高學歷 higher education
• 低學歷 lower education
• 教科書(較廣泛) textbook
• 教科書(學校用的) schoolbook
• 學生宿舍 student residence / dormitory / college dorm
• 寄宿家庭 homestay
• 校園宿舍;校內宿舍 on-campus accommodations
• 新生訓練 orientation
• 課程大綱n syllabus /ˈsɪl.ə.bəs/ e.g. your own syllabus
• 課程 curriculum (plu: curricula / curriculums)
• 語言課程 language program
• 課外活動 extracurricular activity
• 必修 compulsory subject / required subject / requirement
• 選修 elective subject
• 學分 (course) credits e.g. How many credits are you taking this semester?
• 選課 choose/select course
• 營養學分 easy A’s e.g. we’d better choose some more easy A’s
• 營養學分/課 easy class e.g. “What is an easy class to take?” “Fishing 101 is an easy 4.0”
• 雙主修 double major
• 輔修 minor
• 當掉;不及格v flunk
  • e.g. If you skip any class, she will flunk you.
  • e.g. I flunked my Biology exam.
• 期中考 midterm test/exam
• 期末考 final
• 異業門檻 graduation threshold
• 錄取v be/get admitted to {school_name}
  • e.g. My sister was admitted to Harvard University.
  • e.g. What are the chances of getting admitted to Harvard?
• 錄取v be accepted to
• 錄取n acceptance e.g. Congratulations on your acceptance to NYU!
• 接受錄取 submit the letter of acceptance
• 入學許可 letter of offer
• 學費 tuition (fee).
• 招生處 admission department
• 以書面的方式 in writing
• 系；院n faculty
  • e.g. I’m in the business faculty
• 指導教授 advisor
• 助教 teaching assistants
• 系主任；院長 dean
• 雙主修 do/take a double major
• 你現在讀幾年級？ What grade are you in?
• 教授v taught /tɑːt/ 自學的v self-taught
  • e.g. a self-taught musician/furniture maker/cook
  • e.g. Most of these artists are self-taught.
• 自學n self-study v: study sth by myself
  • e.g. eel free to use these questions in your self-study or with a friend or teacher.
  • e.g. I am studying English by myself.
  • e.g. self-study materials/workbooks/programs
• 學生會 student union
• 一年級 in first grade / in grade frist.
• 1年級學生 first graders
• 高一；大一 freshmen
  • e.g. high school freshman / freshman in high school
  • e.g. the first grade of senior high school
  • e.g. I’m a freshman
• 高二;大二 sophomore
  • e.g. in the second year of the college
  • e.g. He is a sophomore in the college / He is a college sophomore.
• 高三;大三 junior
  • e.g. I’m a junior.
• 大四 senior
• 學長姊, 國外不講究稱謂, 直接講
  • e.g. He was two years ahead of me in school.
  • e.g. He was a year behind me in college.
• 班花 the prettiest girl in my class
• 專題n independent study / undergraduate research
• 大四專題 Senior Student Project
• 專題n research
• 專題n monograph
• 大學學位 undergraduate degree / bachelor’s degree
• 繼續念碩士或博士的大學畢業生 graduate student
• 博士學位 Ph.D.
• 研究所 graduate school
• 碩士學位 Master’s degree
• 研究生 postgraduate
• 參加者；出席者n attendee(s) /ə.tenˈdiː/
• 點人數n headcount
  • e.g. The teacher did a quick headcount before we all got back on the bus.
• 點名 call the roll n: roll call
  • e.g. To begin, let’s take a roll call to see who will be joining this conference.（
  • e.g. If you are late, you’ll miss the roll call.
• 簽到/退表 sign-in/sign-out sheet
• 從..畢業並得到XX學位 I graduated from Brown University with a degree in Journalism.
• 畢業紀念冊 yearbook
• 成績單 transcript / official grade report
• 成績 grade
  • e.g. Can you remind me what grades you got at school?
  • e.g. So, you didn’t get very good grades.
  • e.g. give him a grade of a D
  • e.g. Carla got a grade A in German.
• 得了XX分
  • e.g. I scored 88 points on this test
  • e.g. I got an 88 on this test
  • e.g. Kim Jong-un has scored a propaganda win.
• 推薦信 letter of recommendation
• 推薦人 reference
• 學分 credits e.g. How many credits do I need to take per semester?
• 學期 semester
• 上/下學期 first/second semester
• 學位證書 diploma
• 線上加退選系統 the online add/drop system
• 退選 withdraw
• 核心科目 core subjects
• 註冊同意表 registration consent form
• 未註冊的a unregistered e.g. unregistered shotgun
• 上課 attend classes / take classes e.g. He’s taking classes in car maintenance.
• 出席率 attendance
• 管理學院 faculty of management
• 校內的a intramural /ˌɪn.trəˈmjʊr.əl/ e.g. an intramural basketball competition
• 我考 68 分 I got a 68 on the test.
• 應考者；應試者n test taker e.g. Test takers only have 20 minutes to analyze accurately.
• 小考 quiz
• 隨堂考；課堂抽考 pop quiz
• 泛指各種測驗考試 test
• 改考卷 make an exam paper / grade an exam paper
• 大考；很多人一起集中考試；期中期末 midterm/final exam
• 開書;開放的a open-note e.g. open-note exam / open note test
• 閉書的a closed-book e.g. closed-book exam
• 槍手 hired person e.g. He hired a guy to take the final exam for him and got caught.
• 口述;聽寫n dictation v: dictate
  • e.g. I’ll ask my assistant to take dictation
  • e.g. Our French dictation lasted half an hour.
  • e.g. I dictated my order over the phone.
• 體育課 PE (physical education)
• 科目;專業 subject e.g. My favourite subjects at school were history and English.
• 主修nv major
  • 我讀XX系 I major in XX e.g. I major in Japaness.
  • e.g. What are you majoring in?
• 副修 minor e.g. take a minor subject
• 資管系 Department of Information Management
• 公立學校 public school / public-school
• 私立學校 private school
• 補習班(貶義, 短期填鴨課程) cram school
• 英文補習班 language/English school
• 家教nv tutor
  • e.g. I tutor them after school.
  • e.g. He tutors students in mathematics.
• 補習班 Aftershool/After-school tutoring
• 速成班 crash course
• 報告；作業式的論文 essay e.g. Mr Jones thought my history essay was terrific.
• 論文(通稱) thesis /ˈθiː.sɪs/ (plural: theses) e.g. 碩士論文 master’s thesis
• 碩/博士論文 dissertation e.g. 碩士論文 master’s dissertation / doctoral dissertation
• 奬學金 fellowship
• 學校教育 schooling
• 培養;培訓v groom e.g. She was being groomed for leadership.
• 教育;培養;滋養vn nurture
  • e.g. nurture creativity
  • e.g. Which do you believe has the strongest influence on how children develop - nature or nurture?
  • e.g. She wants to stay at home and nurture her children.
• 沒素質 bad-mannered / rude
• 教養(正常的行為/衣著)n modesty e.g. Modesty is expected in the dorms as well as in the classrooms.
• 教養v educate 有教養的a well-educated
• 沒教養 ill-bred / he’s not quite decent. / he seems not quite educated.
• 沒教養v misbehave
• 沒涵養的a uncultured e.g. I wouldn’t call the whole nation uncultured, but we do need more cultural education.
• 文明的a civilised
  • e.g. civilised society/world
• 體罰 physical punishment / corporal punishment
• 創造力 ingenuity /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ə.ti/
  • e.g. Drug smugglers constantly use their ingenuity to find new ways of getting drugs into a country.
• 旁聽;查帳vn audit
  • e.g. An external accountant was called in to perform an audit.
  • e.g. As a senior citizen, he is allowed to audit university classes.
• 餐廳(學校) refectory /rɪˈfek.tɚ.i/
• 食堂(學校;組織;軍中) canteen /kænˈtiːn/
• 餐廳；食堂；學餐n lunchroom
• 附屬;隸屬;關係v affiliate /əˈfɪl.i.eɪt/ n: affiliation a: affiliated <–> unaffiliated
  • e.g. The school is affiliated with a national association of driving schools.
  • e.g. The group has affiliations with several organizations abroad.
  • e.g. The man who helped him was unaffiliated with the church.
  • e.g. Maker accomplished a great deal as an unaffiliated Olympian.