by / with is used to answer “how”

• by + Ving
  • I learn English by watching YouTube.
• by + N (transportation and communication) without any article (a, the):
  • I’ll go by bus.
  • I’ll contact you by email.
• with + N(body parts, tools, instrument)
  • I think with my brain.
  • I cleaned the floor with a mop.
  • I ate dinner with a fork.

raise vs rise vs arise

• raise, raised, raised (Object required) : They raised the price
• rise, rose, risen (No Object): Please rise for the national anthem.
• arise, arose, arisen (No Object): A few problems have arisen since I started the project

Wish vs Hope

• hope 希望
  • I hope (that) I’ll pass the test.
  • Mary hoped (that) she wouldn’t be late for school.
• wish 祝.. 這種情況不接 that 子句
  • I wish you good luck
  • They wished me a pleasant journey.
• wish 希望(事與願違)
  • I wish I had passed the test.
  • I wish (that) I were you.
  • I wish it were finished.
  • I wished I hadn’t been late.
  • Mary wished she had have a baby.k
• wish = if only (e.g.) If only I were you
• wish 有時候也可以當作想要 = want (e.g.) Study harder if you wish to get better grades.

to vs for

• to 幾乎前面會有一個動作的動詞，並且形容一個特定的東西 invite her to the party

• for 算是一種結果, 目的，中間過程不管 invite her for the party

• to: transfer / exchange (e.g.) I gave the book to my sister.

• for: benefit (e.g.) Yogurt is good for you diestion.

• for: help (e.g.) Could you carry these books for me?

• for: period (e.g.) for two years

• for: schedule / certain day or time (e.g.) I made an appointent for May 3.

• for: agree with (e.g.) Are you for or against the development of nuclear weapons?

• for: motive/why/a reason to do sth (e.g.) Let’s go out for a drink.

example :

• I made this lesson for you.
• I gave the beer to you.
• I’m going to talk to you.
• I will do that for you.
• I sing for you.
• I go to school.

s or not s

• He stole millions of dollars.
• I have 25 million dollars.

“go home” or “go to home”

不加 to : abroad, underground, uptown, downtown, there, here, anywhere, nowhere, somewhere, in, inside, out, outside, upstairs, downstairs

by vs until ( + time)

• by + time 是在這時間內之前都可以 (e.g.) by 7 = no later than 7
• until + time 是只能在最後這個時間 (e.g.) until 7 = 7 at the latest

can vs be able to

大部份情況可以通用，但不同的是用 be able to 來表達很難完成的事情

e.g.

I was able to complete the impossible mission.
Are you able to play Beethoven？

Which is correct?

do you know what time is it?
do you know what time it is?    grammatically correct

Adj-ed vs Adj-ful

• “Delighted” is the way you feel - very happy.
• “Delightful” is the quality of something that makes people happy.